參考文章：
http://www.cnblogs.com/bethal/p/5945026.html
http://cuidehua.blog.51cto.com/5449828/1858374
https://yq.aliyun.com/ziliao/76926
感謝！
(1)桌面系統(tǒng)
[CentOS 6] GNOME 2.x
[CentOS 7] GNOME 3.x(GNOME Shell)
(2)文件系統(tǒng)
[CentOS 6] ext4
[CentOS 7] xfs
(3)內(nèi)核版本
[CentOS 6] 2.6.x-x
[CentOS 7] 3.10.x-x
(4)Python版本
[CentOS 6] 2.6
[CentOS 7] 2.7
(5)防火墻
[CentOS 6] iptables
[CentOS 7] firewalld
(6)默認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫
[CentOS 6] MySQL
[CentOS 7] MariaDB
(7)文件結(jié)構(gòu)
[CentOS 6] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/下
[CentOS 7] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/usr下
(8)主機(jī)名
[CentOS 6] /etc/sysconfig/network
[CentOS 7] /etc/hostname
(9)時(shí)間同步
[CentOS 6]
$ ntp
$ ntpq -p
[CentOS 7]
$ chrony
$ chronyc sources
(10)修改時(shí)間
[CentOS 6]
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/clock
ZONE="Asia/Tokyo"
UTC=fales
$ sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo/etc/localtime
[CentOS 7]
$ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
$ timedatectl status
(11)修改地區(qū)
[CentOS 6]
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n
LANG="zh_CN.utf8"
$ /etc/sysconfig/i18n
$ locale
[CentOS 7]
$ localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.utf8
$ localectl status
實(shí)際修改的是文件 /etc/locale.conf
修改 Secure CRT 的Terminal—>Appearance—>“Character encoding”為 UTF-8，控制臺(tái)方能正常顯示中文檩帐。
(12)服務(wù)相關(guān)
*啟動(dòng)停止
[CentOS 6]
$ service service_name start
$ service service_name stop
$ service sshd restart/status/reload
[CentOS 7]
$ systemctl start service_name
$ systemctl stop service_name
$ systemctl restart/status/reload sshd
*自啟動(dòng)
[CentOS 6]
$ chkconfig service_name on/off
[CentOS 7]
$ systemctl enable service_name
$ systemctl disable service_name
*服務(wù)一覽
[CentOS 6]
$ chkconfig --list
[CentOS 7]
$ systemctl list-unit-files
$ systemctl --type service
*強(qiáng)制停止
[CentOS 6]
$ kill -9
[CentOS 7]
$ systemctl kill --signal=9 sshd
(13)網(wǎng)絡(luò)
*網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息
[CentOS 6]
$ netstat
$ netstat -I
$ netstat -n
[CentOS 7]
$ ip n
$ ip -s l
$ ss
* IP地址MAC地址
[CentOS 6]
$ ifconfig -a
[CentOS 7]
$ ip address show
*路由
[CentOS 6]
$ route -n
$ route -A inet6 -n
[CentOS 7]
$ ip route show
$ ip -6 route show
(14)重啟關(guān)閉
*關(guān)閉
[CentOS 6]
$ shutdown -h now
[CentOS 7]
$ poweroff
$ systemctl poweroff
*重啟
[CentOS 6]
$ reboot
$ shutdown -r now
[CentOS 7]
$ reboot
$ systemctl reboot
*單用戶模式
[CentOS 6]
$ init S
[CentOS 7]
$ systemctl rescue
*啟動(dòng)模式
[CentOS 6]
[GUICUI]
$ vim /etc/inittab
id:3:initdefault:
[CUIGUI]
$ startx
[CentOS 7]
[GUICUI]
$ systemctl isolate multi-user.target
[CUIGUI]
$systemctl isolate graphical.target
默認(rèn)
$ systemctl set-default graphical.target
$ systemctl set-default multi-user.target
當(dāng)前
$ systemctl get-default
(15) 網(wǎng)卡命名
[CentOS 6]
eth0
[CentOS 7]
成為了可預(yù)見性的命名規(guī)則
