成阏ⅲ考的不及物動詞:live in/look at/reffer to/stick to
We work hard,allowing(表順其自然之結(jié)果) us to achieve our dream.
only(表示意料之外,大失所望的結(jié)局) to do sth.
如:only to find...
only to be told that...
prep.+there being+n.
v.+there to be+n.
如:for there to be妹萨,“因為有”
__...年枕,...there being
1.動詞的種類
實意動詞、系動詞乎完、助動詞熏兄、情態(tài)動詞
實意動詞
及物動詞前有執(zhí)行者,后有承受者(賓語)
不及物動詞前有執(zhí)行者树姨,后有承受者
vi.+介詞+承受者(賓語)
系動詞
be:am/is/are/was/were/being/been/to be
半系動詞:長著實意動詞的外觀(+adj.)
(感官動詞)look/sound/smile/taste/touch/feel+adj
考點
主動表被動摩桶,考察非謂語形式中的-ing
become/get/turn/grow/come/go/keep/stay/seem/appear/remain+adj.
turn+顏色/數(shù)字/n.
情態(tài)動詞+do(謂語)
2.動詞的性質(zhì)
延續(xù)性動詞:be(與時間段連用)
非延續(xù)性動詞:(與時間點連用)
3.動詞的語態(tài)
主動:執(zhí)行者+vt.+承受者、執(zhí)行者+vi.+介詞+承受者
被動:承受者+be+done(by+執(zhí)行者)帽揪、承受者+be done+介詞(+by+執(zhí)行者)
判斷主被動
1.如果動詞前的名詞是該動作的執(zhí)行者或該動詞后的名詞是該動作的承受者硝清,說明該動詞是主動。
2.如果動詞前的名詞是該動作的承受者或該動詞后沒有承受者转晰,說明該動詞是被動芦拿。
4.動詞的功能
謂語:
時態(tài),(情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形)
非謂語:
1.to do sth.---to be done
比主句謂語動作發(fā)生的要晚查邢,或者發(fā)生在主句謂語的未來蔗崎。
2.to have done sth.---to have been done
發(fā)生在主句謂語的過去。
3.to be doing sth.
表示與謂語伴隨發(fā)生侠坎。
4.to have been doing sth.
發(fā)生在謂語的過去且延續(xù)到謂語發(fā)生時蚁趁。
考點
1.sb./sth. be said/reported/supposed不定式
2.sb./sth. be known/thought/believed/guessed/found/felt 不定式
3.sb./sth. be considered/suggested/imagined 不定式
......considered doing sth./being done
4.sb./sth./there seems/appears/turns out/proves/remains/stays 不定式
It seems/appears that...
doing sth.
主動,表示與謂語動作伴隨發(fā)生或者與謂語動作時間間隔短暫
being done(被動)
1.強調(diào)該動作在謂語發(fā)生時正在被進行实胸,多與now/today/at present連用他嫡。
在簡單句中做后置定語或賓語補足語番官,偶爾做狀語。
2.該結(jié)構(gòu)也相當(dāng)于名詞做主語或賓語钢属,多考察空在句首徘熔,后無逗號,該空是一個被動的動作做主語淆党。
having done sth.主動和having been done被動
二者不可做后置定語和補足語酷师,多放于句首后有逗號做狀語成分,強調(diào)發(fā)生且結(jié)束在謂語動作的過去染乌,與謂語動作時間間隔較長或多與for some time(一段時間)/many times(很多次)/twice(兩次)
done
被動山孔,表示發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前或僅表狀態(tài)。
位于句首后有逗號作狀語時荷憋,逗號后的主語是該動詞的承受者台颠。
空在句首后有逗號:
1.若為被動且已發(fā)生:done/having been done
2.若為主動時:
(1)表示有待于發(fā)生或還沒有發(fā)生:to do sth.
(2)且與謂語伴隨發(fā)生或時間間隔短暫:doing sth.
(3)比謂語要早或發(fā)生在謂語的過去,時間間隔長 having done sth.
but
"除了..."勒庄,前有do后無to(動詞原形)串前,前無do后有to(不定式)
“不得不”
can't held but to do sth.
can't choose but do sth.
can't but do sth.
固定搭配
advice/allow/fordid/permit/recommed+doing sth.
advice/allow/fordid/permit/recommed+sb.+to do sth.
sb. he advised/allowed/forbided/permited/recommened+to do sth.
need/want/demand/require/deserve/receive+to be done=doing(vt.)
look/sound(ing)/smile/taste(s)/touch/feel+adj.
sell/wash/wear/read/write/open/close/start/clock+adv.(well/smootly/comfortably)有謂語ing,無謂語s
measure/weight+數(shù)字
sth./sb. be worth+n./數(shù)字/doing(sth.)/doing(vi.)+prep.
It is worth doing sth.
關(guān)系詞+to do(vt.)
what to do(缺賓語)
which to choose (缺賓語) from sth.
how to do sth.(不缺賓語)
where to go(不缺賓語)
prep.+which+to do sth.
on which to base the story
for which to blame the driver
how to learn English=n.