更新
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Android
在應(yīng)用中, 為了提高用戶體驗(yàn), 會(huì)提供更新版本的功能. 那么如何實(shí)現(xiàn)呢? 我寫了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的Demo, 說明一下, 需要注意幾個(gè)細(xì)節(jié). 使用了Retrofit和Rx處理網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求.
本文源碼的GitHub下載地址
1. 邏輯
訪問服務(wù)器, 根據(jù)是否包含新版本, 判斷是否需要更新.
下載Apk, 下載完成后, 自動(dòng)安裝, 高版本會(huì)覆蓋低版本.
邏輯:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String APP_NAME = "Ped_android";
private static final String VERSION = "1.0.0";
private static final String INFO_NAME = "計(jì)步器";
private static final String STORE_APK = "chunyu_apk";
@Bind(R.id.main_b_install_apk) Button mBInstallApk;
private UpdateAppUtils.UpdateCallback mUpdateCallback; // 更新回調(diào)
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ButterKnife.bind(this);
mUpdateCallback = new UpdateAppUtils.UpdateCallback() {
@Override public void onSuccess(UpdateInfo updateInfo) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "有更新", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
UpdateAppUtils.downloadApk(MainActivity.this, updateInfo, INFO_NAME, STORE_APK);
}
@Override public void onError() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "無更新", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
};
mBInstallApk.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override public void onClick(View v) {
UpdateAppUtils.checkUpdate(APP_NAME, VERSION, mUpdateCallback);
}
});
}
}
UpdateAppUtils是核心下載類. 輸入App的代號(hào), 版本號(hào), 異步回調(diào), 發(fā)送到服務(wù)器, 判斷是否需要更新. 如果存在新版本, 則下載Apk, 并自動(dòng)安裝更新.
2. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求
更新請(qǐng)求, 參數(shù)是App代號(hào)和當(dāng)前版本號(hào).
/**
* 更新服務(wù)
* <p>
* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/4.
*/
public interface UpdateService {
String ENDPOINT = "http://www.chunyuyisheng.com";
// 獲取個(gè)人信息
@GET("/cmsapi/app/update")
Observable<UpdateInfo> getUpdateInfo(
@Query("appName") String appName,
@Query("version") String version);
}
創(chuàng)建服務(wù)的工廠類.
/**
* 創(chuàng)建Retrofit服務(wù)
* <p>
* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/4.
*/
public class ServiceFactory {
public static <T> T createServiceFrom(final Class<T> serviceClass, String endpoint) {
Retrofit adapter = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(endpoint)
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create()) // 添加Rx適配器
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) // 添加Gson轉(zhuǎn)換器
.build();
return adapter.create(serviceClass);
}
}
更新信息的Json類.
/**
* 更新信息(JSON)
* <p>
* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/4.
*/
public class UpdateInfo {
public Data data; // 信息
public Integer error_code; // 錯(cuò)誤代碼
public String error_msg; // 錯(cuò)誤信息
public static class Data {
public String curVersion; // 當(dāng)前版本
public String appURL; // 下載地址
public String description; // 描述
public String minVersion; // 最低版本
public String appName; // 應(yīng)用名稱
}
@Override public String toString() {
return "當(dāng)前版本: " + data.curVersion + ", 下載地址: " + data.appURL + ", 描述信息: " + data.description
+ ", 最低版本: " + data.minVersion + ", 應(yīng)用代稱: " + data.appName
+ ", 錯(cuò)誤代碼: " + error_code + ", 錯(cuò)誤信息: " + error_msg;
}
}
3. 請(qǐng)求和下載
更新庫的主類, 包含檢查更新(checkUpdate)和下載Apk(downloadApk)兩個(gè)重要方法.
/**
* 更新管理器
* <p>
* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/6.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public class UpdateAppUtils {
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static final String TAG = "DEBUG-WCL: " + UpdateAppUtils.class.getSimpleName();
/**
* 檢查更新
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public static void checkUpdate(String appCode, String curVersion, UpdateCallback updateCallback) {
UpdateService updateService =
ServiceFactory.createServiceFrom(UpdateService.class, UpdateService.ENDPOINT);
updateService.getUpdateInfo(appCode, curVersion)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(updateInfo -> onNext(updateInfo, updateCallback),
throwable -> onError(throwable, updateCallback));
}
// 顯示信息
private static void onNext(UpdateInfo updateInfo, UpdateCallback updateCallback) {
Log.e(TAG, "返回?cái)?shù)據(jù): " + updateInfo.toString());
if (updateInfo.error_code != 0 || updateInfo.data == null ||
updateInfo.data.appURL == null) {
updateCallback.onError(); // 失敗
} else {
updateCallback.onSuccess(updateInfo);
}
}
// 錯(cuò)誤信息
private static void onError(Throwable throwable, UpdateCallback updateCallback) {
updateCallback.onError();
}
/**
* 下載Apk, 并設(shè)置Apk地址,
* 默認(rèn)位置: /storage/sdcard0/Download
*
* @param context 上下文
* @param updateInfo 更新信息
* @param infoName 通知名稱
* @param storeApk 存儲(chǔ)的Apk
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public static void downloadApk(
Context context, UpdateInfo updateInfo,
String infoName, String storeApk
) {
if (!isDownloadManagerAvailable()) {
return;
}
String description = updateInfo.data.description;
String appUrl = updateInfo.data.appURL;
if (appUrl == null || appUrl.isEmpty()) {
Log.e(TAG, "請(qǐng)?zhí)顚慭"App下載地址\"");
return;
}
appUrl = appUrl.trim(); // 去掉首尾空格
if (!appUrl.startsWith("http")) {
appUrl = "http://" + appUrl; // 添加Http信息
}
Log.e(TAG, "appUrl: " + appUrl);
DownloadManager.Request request;
try {
request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(appUrl));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
request.setTitle(infoName);
request.setDescription(description);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
request.allowScanningByMediaScanner();
request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);
}
request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS, storeApk);
Context appContext = context.getApplicationContext();
DownloadManager manager = (DownloadManager)
appContext.getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
// 存儲(chǔ)下載Key
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(appContext);
sp.edit().putLong(PrefsConsts.DOWNLOAD_APK_ID_PREFS, manager.enqueue(request)).apply();
}
// 最小版本號(hào)大于9
private static boolean isDownloadManagerAvailable() {
return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD;
}
// 錯(cuò)誤回調(diào)
public interface UpdateCallback {
void onSuccess(UpdateInfo updateInfo);
void onError();
}
}
檢查更新: 創(chuàng)建服務(wù), 在新線程中發(fā)送請(qǐng)求, 在主線程中接收數(shù)據(jù), 判斷成功和失敗.
/**
* 檢查更新
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public static void checkUpdate(String appCode, String curVersion, UpdateCallback updateCallback) {
UpdateService updateService =
ServiceFactory.createServiceFrom(UpdateService.class, UpdateService.ENDPOINT);
updateService.getUpdateInfo(appCode, curVersion)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(updateInfo -> onNext(updateInfo, updateCallback),
throwable -> onError(throwable, updateCallback));
}
下載Apk: 轉(zhuǎn)換和解析Url, 設(shè)置通知信息和存儲(chǔ)位置, 存儲(chǔ)下載Id, 自動(dòng)安裝更新.
/**
* 下載Apk, 并設(shè)置Apk地址,
* 默認(rèn)位置: /storage/sdcard0/Download
*
* @param context 上下文
* @param updateInfo 更新信息
* @param infoName 通知名稱
* @param storeApk 存儲(chǔ)的Apk
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public static void downloadApk(
Context context, UpdateInfo updateInfo,
String infoName, String storeApk
) {
if (!isDownloadManagerAvailable()) {
return;
}
String description = updateInfo.data.description;
String appUrl = updateInfo.data.appURL;
if (appUrl == null || appUrl.isEmpty()) {
Log.e(TAG, "請(qǐng)?zhí)顚慭"App下載地址\"");
return;
}
appUrl = appUrl.trim(); // 去掉首尾空格
if (!appUrl.startsWith("http")) {
appUrl = "http://" + appUrl; // 添加Http信息
}
Log.e(TAG, "appUrl: " + appUrl);
DownloadManager.Request request;
try {
request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(appUrl));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
request.setTitle(infoName);
request.setDescription(description);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
request.allowScanningByMediaScanner();
request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);
}
request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS, storeApk);
Context appContext = context.getApplicationContext();
DownloadManager manager = (DownloadManager)
appContext.getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
// 存儲(chǔ)下載Key
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(appContext);
sp.edit().putLong(PrefsConsts.DOWNLOAD_APK_ID_PREFS, manager.enqueue(request)).apply();
}
使用
DownloadManager下載文件是Android的推薦方式.
存儲(chǔ)下載Id(manager.enqueue(request))是為了在安裝應(yīng)用時(shí), 找到Apk.
默認(rèn)存儲(chǔ)地址/storage/sdcard0/Download.
4.自動(dòng)安裝
注冊(cè)廣播接收器, 接收消息ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE, 下載完成會(huì)發(fā)送廣播. 獲取下載文件的Uri, 進(jìn)行匹配, 發(fā)送安裝消息, 自動(dòng)安裝.
/**
* 安裝下載接收器
* <p>
* Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/5.
*/
public class InstallReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static final String TAG =
"DEBUG-WCL: " + InstallReceiver.class.getSimpleName();
// 安裝下載接收器
@Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if (intent.getAction().equals(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE)) {
long downloadApkId = intent.getLongExtra(DownloadManager.EXTRA_DOWNLOAD_ID, -1);
installApk(context, downloadApkId);
}
}
// 安裝Apk
private void installApk(Context context, long downloadApkId) {
// 獲取存儲(chǔ)ID
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
long id = sp.getLong(PrefsConsts.DOWNLOAD_APK_ID_PREFS, -1L);
if (downloadApkId == id) {
DownloadManager dManager = (DownloadManager) context.getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
Intent install = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
Uri downloadFileUri = dManager.getUriForDownloadedFile(downloadApkId);
if (downloadFileUri != null) {
install.setDataAndType(downloadFileUri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
install.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
context.startActivity(install);
} else {
Log.e(TAG, "下載失敗");
}
}
}
}
安裝本應(yīng)用下載的Apk, 不安裝其他Apk, 存儲(chǔ)下載Id, 與廣播Id進(jìn)行匹配.
下載失敗, 也會(huì)發(fā)送下載完成(ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE)廣播, Uri可能為空, 需要判斷, 否則發(fā)生崩潰.
OK, that's all! Enjoy It!
