Coffee or tea? The answer might be in your genes
喝咖啡還是喝茶击吱？答案也許藏在你的基因里
Hi，歡迎關(guān)注我們的外刊閱讀每日更新遥昧。每日音頻和閱讀材料及卡片覆醇，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)盤連接獲取。鏈接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1H0qbjuziiD7ibtvNCcV-pA 提取碼: f1z4?
Do you prefer coffee or tea? The answer to that question might in part be down to your genes, research suggests.
咖啡和茶截碴，你更偏愛哪一樣呢梳侨？研究表明，這個(gè)問題的答案可能有部分取決于你的基因隐岛。
Scientists say a genetic predisposition to perceiving the bitterness of particular substances appears to nudge us towards one beverage or the other.
科學(xué)家表示猫妙，一種遺傳傾向似乎會(huì)讓我們選擇一種飲品或者是別的飲品，這種傾向能感知某些特定物質(zhì)的苦味聚凹。
The study, published in the Scientific Reports journal, involved two sets of data. The first was a large twin study which showed that, at least in those of European ancestry, particular genetic variants are linked to the strength of perception of different tastes: one specific variant was associated with slightly higher ratings of bitterness for caffeine, another to greater bitterness for quinine and a third to greater bitterness for a drug known as propylthiouracil, or prop.
這項(xiàng)研究公開在《科學(xué)報(bào)告》期刊上割坠，其中包含了兩組數(shù)據(jù)。第一組數(shù)據(jù)是一項(xiàng)大型的雙胞胎研究妒牙，這項(xiàng)研究表明彼哼，至少在歐洲血統(tǒng)的雙胞胎研究中，某些特定的基因變異跟不同味覺的感知強(qiáng)度有關(guān)聯(lián)：一種特定的變異跟稍高的咖啡因苦味評(píng)級(jí)有關(guān)湘今，另一種變異與較高的奎寧苦味相關(guān)敢朱，而第三種變異與一種藥物較高的苦味相關(guān)界阁，這種藥物叫做丙基硫氧嘧啶挠阁，或稱 prop饱普。
The team found people with a greater genetic predisposition to perceiving the bitterness of caffeine drank a little more coffee, but an increased perception of the bitterness of quinine and prop were linked to a small reduction in coffee drinking.
研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)苟跪，對(duì)感知咖啡因苦味遺傳傾向更強(qiáng)的人群喝咖啡略多，然而蚓哩，對(duì)奎寧和丙基硫氧嘧啶的苦味感知更強(qiáng)的人群构灸，他們的咖啡飲用量會(huì)輕微減少。
“While the effect of perception on your daily coffee intake might be relatively small—only a 0.15 cup per day increase—from a normal caffeine taster to a strong caffeine taster, it actually makes you 20% more likely to become a heavy drinker—drinking more than four cups per day,” said Jue Sheng Ong岸梨，first author of the research from QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute in Australia.
“雖然感知對(duì)你每天咖啡攝入量的影響可能相對(duì)較小——從一個(gè)正常的咖啡因品嘗者到一個(gè)重度咖啡因品嘗者喜颁，你只要每天多攝入 0.15 杯咖啡，但它實(shí)際上讓你成為重度飲者的可能性增加了 20%——重度飲者每天喝的咖啡超過 4 杯曹阔“肟”澳洲昆士蘭醫(yī)學(xué)研究院的第一作者 Jue Sheng Ong 如是說。
“Our taste genes partially play a role in how much coffee, tea or alcohol we drink,” he said. “The preference towards tea can be seen as a consequence of abstaining from coffee, because our genes might have made coffee a little too bitter for our palates to handle.”
“我們的味覺基因在某種程度上影響著我們對(duì)咖啡赃份、茶和酒的攝入量寂拆。”他說道芥炭，“你對(duì)茶的偏好可以被看作是放棄喝咖啡的結(jié)果漓库，因?yàn)槲覀兊幕蚩赡芤呀?jīng)讓咖啡變得有點(diǎn)兒太苦恃慧，以至于我們的味覺難以承受园蝠。”
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/nov/15/coffee-tea-drink-choice-study-linked-genes-how-we-perceive-bitterness
重點(diǎn)詞匯
be down to
是......的責(zé)任痢士；取決于......彪薛；僅剩......
e.g.
I'm down to my last dollar.
It's down to you to check the door.
predisposition/?pri?d?sp??z??n/
n. 傾向；稟性
nudge/n?d?/
v. （朝某方向）輕推怠蹂，漸漸推動(dòng)
e.g.
He nudged me.
beverage/?bev?r?d?/
n. 飲料善延；飲品
e.g.
Drinks are on me！
twin study
雙胞胎研究
ancestry/??nsestri/
n. 世系城侧；血統(tǒng)
e.g.
He has Scottish ancestry.
variant/?veri?nt/
n. 變異易遣；變體；變形
e.g.
Table tennis is a variant of tennis.
quinine/?kwa?na?n/
n.? 奎寧嫌佑，金雞納霜（過去用于治療瘧疾）
propylthiouracil/'pro?p?lθa?o?'j?r?s?l/
n. 丙基硫氧嘧啶
intake/??nte?k/
n. 攝取量豆茫；吸入量
e.g.
the daily intake of salt
the annual student intake
abstain/?b?ste?n/
v. 戒絕；抑制屋摇；放棄
e.g.
abstain from alcohol/sex/drugs
palate/?p?l?t/
n. 味覺揩魂；品嘗力
e.g.
He has a palate for wine.
