Industries in China: The march of the zombies part I#
[地道表達(dá)]##
If this oversupply were broadly the result of capacity gluts in many countries
[glut]
[解釋]To flood (a market) with an excess of goods so that supply exceeds demand.
使充斥:貨物充斥(市場(chǎng))以致于供大于求This binge has left many state-owned firms vulnerable to slowdown, turning them into profitless zombies.
[binge]
[解釋]A period of excessive or uncontrolled indulgence in food or drink:無(wú)節(jié)制期:一段過(guò)度或放縱暴飲暴食的時(shí)間The bad news is that three of the tacks they are trying only make things worse.
[tack]
[解釋]An approach, especially one of a series of changing approaches.方法托呕,方針:一種方法,尤指一系列變化方法中的一種
[句式連接]##
Oversupply is indeed a global problem, but not quite in the way Mr Gao implies.
[分析] not quite in the way (that) 句型
[翻譯]供大于求的確是全球問(wèn)題,但問(wèn)題卻不同于高所指出的那樣。This binge has left many state-owned firms vulnerable to slowdown, turning them into profitless zombies.
[分析] 文章點(diǎn)題之處Gao was responding to the worldwide backlash against the rising tide of Chinese industrial exports, by suggesting that everyone is to blame.
[分析]
[解釋]世界各地對(duì)中國(guó)不斷增加的工業(yè)出口反應(yīng)激烈,高卻認(rèn)為各國(guó)都需對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)。
[專業(yè)知識(shí)]
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產(chǎn)能利用率###
[解釋] 產(chǎn)能利用率有時(shí)也叫設(shè)備利用率,是工業(yè)總產(chǎn)出對(duì)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備的比率桨醋,簡(jiǎn)單的理解,就是實(shí)際生產(chǎn)能力到底有多少在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)揮生產(chǎn)作用现斋。它是美國(guó)聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備局量度工業(yè)設(shè)備的使用情況喜最,這項(xiàng)數(shù)字由三組系列數(shù)字組成,包括制造業(yè)系列(十六個(gè)主要制造業(yè)的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量與設(shè)備空間的比率)庄蹋、物料系列和公用設(shè)施及礦產(chǎn)系列瞬内。
統(tǒng)計(jì)該數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)迷雪,涵蓋的范圍包括制造業(yè)、礦業(yè)虫蝶、公用事業(yè)章咧、耐久商品、非耐久商品能真、基本金屬工業(yè)赁严、汽車業(yè)及汽油等八個(gè)項(xiàng)目。代表上述產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)能利用程度粉铐。通常80%的設(shè)備使用率被認(rèn)為是工廠和設(shè)備的正常閑置疼约。
當(dāng)產(chǎn)能利用率超過(guò)95%以上,代表設(shè)備使用率接近全部蝙泼,通貨膨脹的壓力將隨產(chǎn)能無(wú)法應(yīng)付而急速升高忆谓,在市場(chǎng)預(yù)期利率可能升高情況下,對(duì)一國(guó)貨幣是利多踱承。反之如果產(chǎn)能利用率在90%以下,且持續(xù)下降哨免,表示設(shè)備閑置過(guò)多茎活,經(jīng)濟(jì)有衰退的現(xiàn)象,在市場(chǎng)預(yù)期利率可能降低情況下琢唾,對(duì)該國(guó)貨幣是利空载荔。市場(chǎng)一般最為重視美國(guó)的產(chǎn)能利用數(shù)據(jù)。在美國(guó)采桃,一般每月中旬公布前一個(gè)月的數(shù)據(jù)懒熙。
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國(guó)務(wù)院國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)###
[解釋] 國(guó)務(wù)院國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)是根據(jù)第十屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議批準(zhǔn)的國(guó)務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革方案和《國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置的通知》設(shè)置的,為國(guó)務(wù)院直屬正部級(jí)特設(shè)機(jī)構(gòu)普办。國(guó)務(wù)院授權(quán)國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)代表國(guó)家履行出資人職責(zé)工扎。根據(jù)黨中央決定,國(guó)有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)督管理委員會(huì)成立黨委衔蹲,履行黨中央規(guī)定的職
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供大于求###
[解釋] 供大于求是市場(chǎng)關(guān)系的一種肢娘。說(shuō)的是一定時(shí)間內(nèi),市場(chǎng)上生產(chǎn)部門生產(chǎn)出的商品舆驶,也就是提供給人們消費(fèi)的商品總額橱健,大于(超出)人們?cè)谶@段時(shí)間內(nèi)滿足物質(zhì)資料生活所需要產(chǎn)品的總額。這使得供給大于需求沙廉,這時(shí)候市場(chǎng)成了買方市場(chǎng)拘荡,買方處于主動(dòng)地位。