Lesson 10 Not for jazz
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord(翼琴). It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
?l?s?n 10 nɑt f?r ??z
wi h?v ?n o?ld ?mjuz?k?l ??nstr?m?nt. ?t ?z k?ld ? ?kl?v??k?rd(翼琴). ?t w?z me?d ?n ???rm?ni ?n 1681. ?a??r ?kl?v??k?rd ?zk?pt ?n e? ?l?v??-rum. ?t h?z b??l??d t? ?a??r ?f?m?li f?r ? l?? ta?m. ei ??nstr?m?nt w?z bɑt ba? ma? ?gr?nd?fɑe?r ?m?ni j?rz??go?. ?ris?ntli ?t w?z ?d?m??d ba? ? ?v?z?t?r. ?i tra?d t? ple? ??z ɑn ?t! ?i str?k e? kiz tu hɑrd ?nd tu ?v e? str??z w?r?bro?k?n. ma? ?fɑe?r w?z ?ɑkt. na? wi ?r nɑt ??la?d t? t?? ?t. ?t ?z ?bi?? r??p?rd ba? ? fr?nd ?v ma? ?fɑe?rz.
任務(wù)設(shè)置：L0+L1+L2+L3+L4
筆記L0：
1. clavichord
a small, rectangular keyboard instrument producing a soft sound by means of metal blades attached to the ends of key levers that gently press the strings, popular from the early 15th to early 19th centuries.
小鍵琴开瞭，又稱擊弦鍵琴、翼琴累提，是曾經(jīng)盛行于歐洲的鍵盤樂器喷户、擊弦樂器◆锘校現(xiàn)代鋼琴發(fā)明以前，與“大鍵琴”（撥弦鍵琴）同是歐洲音樂生活中普遍使用的鍵盤類樂器。
擊弦鍵琴的外形是一個帶有鍵盤的長方形盒子斩萌，內(nèi)部將一組琴弦用琴馬橫拉于共鳴箱上缝裤，琴身的左下側(cè)裝有一套鍵盤，鍵盤通過一組機械裝置連接一組裝有金屬頭的鍵子颊郎。按動琴鍵憋飞，鍵子抬起擊打琴弦發(fā)出聲音。
擊弦鍵琴的音色甜美優(yōu)雅袭艺，富有韻味搀崭，可以對演奏者的力度變化作出小幅度的反應(yīng)。
擊弦鍵琴的缺點是音量太小猾编，因為機械結(jié)構(gòu)的限制瘤睹，演奏快速和節(jié)奏復(fù)雜的樂句會有困難，適合在家庭和小型演奏會上使用答倡。
2. string
A string is a strand of fiber that's thinner than a cord or a rope. You can tie on a Halloween mask with a string, or weave a friendship bracelet with a bunch of colorful strings.
Strings are useful for tying up packages and cinching the waist of your sweatpants. You can also have a figurative string, a series or sequence: "Our team had a string of wins." As a verb, string means "attach together" or "thread onto a string." It can also mean "put strings on an instrument" — you might string your new ukulele, for example. And when you "string someone along," you mislead them on purpose over and over again.
--- for tying/ fastening? n. [U,C]? material made of several threads twisted together, used for tying things together; a piece of string used to fasten or pull sth or keep sth in place 細繩轰传；線；帶子
a piece/ length of string 一根\一段細繩
He wrapped the package in brown paper and tied it with string.
The key is hanging on a string by the door.
drawstring: a string through the top of a bag or a piece of clothing, used for pulling the edges together.
the purse strings: the way in which money is controlled and spent by a group or organization 資金瘪撇、支出的管理
control the purse strings: She controls the family purse strings very tightly.
tighten/loosen the purse strings(=reduce or increase the amount of money that is available): The government has tightened the purse strings for all departments.
--- things joined 串接物
a set or series of things that are joined together, for example on a string 一串
a string of pearls 一串珍珠
The molecules join together to form long strings 分子連接在一起形成一串获茬。
--- series 系列
【C】a series of things or people that come closely one after another 一系列；一連串倔既；一批
a string of hits 接二連三的成功
He owns a string of racing stables. 他有好多個賽馬訓(xùn)練場恕曲。
--- computing 計算機技術(shù)
【C】a series of characters (=letters, numbers, etc.)
字符串；信息串
---musical instruments 樂器
【C】a tightly stretched piece of wire, nylon, or catgut on a muscial instrument, that produces a musical note when the instrument is played 弦
the strings[pl]
the group of musical instruments in an orchestra that have strings, for example violins; the people who play them. (管弦樂團的)弦樂器渤涌，弦樂器組佩谣；
The opening theme is taken up by the strings. 開始的主旋律有弦樂繼續(xù)。
--- on tennis racket 網(wǎng)球拍
【C】any of the tightly stretched pieces of nylon, etc. in a racket, used for hitting balls in tennis and some other games. 弦
--- conditions 條件
strings special conditions or restrictions 特定條件（限制）
Major loans like these always come with strings. 諸如此類的大宗貸款總有一些附帶條件实蓬。
It's a business proposition, pure and simple. No strings attached. 這只是個業(yè)務(wù)建議茸俭，僅此而已。沒有任何附帶條件安皱。
【IDIOMS】
have another string/ more strings to you bow (BrE)
to have more than one skill or plan that you can use if you need to 還另有一手调鬓；有兩手準(zhǔn)備
(tied to) sb's apron strings: to much under the influence and control of sb.
過分受某人的影響或者控制
pull strings for sb. (NAmE also pull wires這個在聽寫的過程中碰到過) informal: to use your influence in order to get an advantage for sb. 憑影響為某人謀利益；為某人活動酌伊，走后門
pull the strings: to control events or the actions of other people 幕后操縱腾窝；暗中控制
筆記L1 音標(biāo)
English Sounds - CH [t?] and JJ [d?] Consonants - How to make the CH [t?] and JJ [d?] Consonants
CH is unvoiced, meaning only air passes through the mouth, and JJ is voiced, meaning, you make the sound with vocal cords.
These sounds have a stop consonant component, but unlike stop consonants, they're always released.
They each contain two sounds, for the CH, we are combining the T, tt and the SH, to make CH
for the J sound, we are combining dd and zh to make jj.
The teeth come together and the lips flare, just like in the sh and zh sound.
the tongue lifts, so the front, flat part of the tongue touches the roof of the mouth.
we stop the air in our throat, and then we release everything.
we release the air at the vocal cords, release the tongue down from the roof of the mouth, release the teeth so they part a little, and release the lips by relaxing them.
單詞：
jazz /??z/
Germany /???rm?ni/
damage /?d?m??/
touch /t??/
L2點評
@［000］小米-鄭州-畜牧 instrument重音在第一個音節(jié)，你重讀了第二個音節(jié)tru居砖，clavichord中or是?r的音燕锥，聽起來像是A的音，room中oo的音發(fā)的不夠飽滿悯蝉，belong归形，long，string都是后鼻音鼻由，讀完之后暇榴，舌身不要急著離開上顎厚棵，多待一會兒，讓音拉長點兒蔼紧，visitor跟broken也是婆硬，重音都在第一個音節(jié)，不用每個音節(jié)都重讀奸例，這樣不好聽彬犯。模仿時，元音要飽滿查吊，不要怕夸張谐区，因為在重讀音節(jié)中，有些元音讀起來都有起伏的節(jié)奏逻卖，所以花的時間會相對的比在非重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)音時間會更久宋列，聽起來更飽滿清晰。
@[02:20]Sophie-GZ-寶媽 有一個比較明顯的問題是评也，一些沒有r的單詞你發(fā)了卷舌音炼杖，像是called，bought盗迟，of等等坤邪，另外一個是關(guān)于damaged跟touched，沒有將音發(fā)完整罚缕。d?m?d?中d?的音艇纺，還有t?t?中t?的音發(fā)出來，建議把這兩個音標(biāo)好好練習(xí)一下怕磨，看看如何發(fā)音的喂饥。剩下的問題消约，比如肠鲫，第二個clavichord kl?v?k?rd中的蝴蝶音發(fā)成了ai，for a long time漏掉了a或粮，Germany讀的慢一點导饲，別著急，一個個輔音發(fā)清晰氯材，元音發(fā)飽滿一點渣锦，尤其是Ger /??r/，是個長元音喔氢哮，而且在美語中袋毙，有r的音都要發(fā)的長一點，別發(fā)一點就縮回去了～
@〔00〕卿卿-北京-醫(yī)生 好聽～
@[00]水-福建-廣電?你好冗尤，現(xiàn)在才有空听盖，不好意思～instrument重音不對胀溺，放在了第二個音節(jié)，再聽聽原文對照皆看，damaged仓坞，jazz當(dāng)中d?的音沒有發(fā)對喔，可以查一查這個音標(biāo)怎么發(fā)的腰吟，還有she當(dāng)中的?這個音无埃，嘴唇撅著，上下齒咬住毛雇，嫉称，還有g(shù)randfather這個詞father重音也是在第一個音節(jié)，還有l(wèi)iving-room中松元音發(fā)的不夠短促有力禾乘，play中ay的音發(fā)清晰澎埠，英語當(dāng)中的快是連讀或者弱讀造成的，但是讀每一個音都要清晰始藕，發(fā)清楚蒲稳，不能求快，也不能混過去伍派，這樣不好聽～還有元音江耀，一定要飽滿，元音在你的嘴巴里頭應(yīng)該感覺不到任何的阻礙诉植，暢通無阻祥国。我的建議是，學(xué)習(xí)音標(biāo)的時候晾腔，一定要搞清楚舌稀，唇形怎么做，舌頭怎么放灼擂，嘴巴張多大壁查，聲帶振不振動，有時間可以多熟悉嘴巴里頭的這些部位～希望可以幫到你
復(fù)述筆記
練習(xí)感悟：
1.回聽的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)damaged念的不好剔应，a的音太拖了睡腿；grandfather蝴蝶音的不完全化現(xiàn)象，復(fù)習(xí)峻贮；string的尾音再拉長一點兒席怪；
2. 在查閱string的過程當(dāng)中，看到了pull這個詞有“拉傷”“扭傷”的意思纤控，to pull a muscle扭傷肌肉挂捻，順便復(fù)習(xí)pull a leg.都是以前背過了，再復(fù)習(xí)一遍船万，還是覺得掌握的不夠呀刻撒。
3.朗讀的過程在縮短惜辑，相應(yīng)的筆記時間變長了，因為發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中有太多會忽略的疫赎，但是都是非呈⒊牛基礎(chǔ)的一些單詞、知識點捧搞。
4.沒怎么復(fù)述過抵卫，習(xí)慣性背誦的感覺。原文很多被動態(tài)胎撇，復(fù)述的時候想要改成主動時態(tài)介粘，但是又怕轉(zhuǎn)換太多，上下文銜接不夠流暢晚树，復(fù)述很好姻采，以后有時間，堅持每天都進行復(fù)述爵憎。
5.昨天跟今天的文章都出現(xiàn)了strike這個詞慨亲，strike的含義很多，基本意思是“擊打”宝鼓、“敲打”刑棵，由此延伸出很多意思，雖然有時候覺得很厭煩愚铡，一個單詞有那么多意思蛉签，但是，有時候稍微刻意思索一下沥寥，用心聯(lián)想碍舍，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)很秒啊，挺有趣的邑雅，strike不僅僅擊打物體片橡，還擊打了你的內(nèi)心，你的想法蒂阱，不可謂不有趣啊锻全。
昨天的句子It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. strike在其中的意思是：to show the time by making a ringing noise, etc. 鳴鐘狂塘；報時=chime
今天的句子She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. 在這個句子中的意思是：to produce a musical note, sound, etc. by pressing a key or hitting sth. 彈奏录煤；奏響；發(fā)出聲音荞胡。
6.還是會走神妈踊，希望慢慢改掉這個臭毛病，最大化的利用好寶貴的時間泪漂。
