一港令、申請新硬盤
1. 申請?zhí)砑佑脖P
2. 成功后需要重啟機(jī)器养匈,才能看到硬盤
二厢绝、使用命令fdisk -l 確定新硬盤
sudo fdisk -l
回顯:
磁盤 /dev/sdc:214.7 GB, 214748364800 字節(jié)剑肯,419430400 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)置文件系統(tǒng)格
磁盤 /dev/sda:53.7 GB, 53687091200 字節(jié),104857600 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤標(biāo)簽類型:dos
磁盤標(biāo)識符:0x000a860e
設(shè)備 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 616447 307200 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 616448 104857599 52120576 8e Linux LVM
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
磁盤 /dev/sdb:161.1 GB, 161061273600 字節(jié)欺旧,314572800 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤標(biāo)簽類型:gpt
Disk identifier: 7CB95C4D-482B-4572-94E0-76B6321D8E51
# Start End Size Type Name
1 34 314572766 150G Microsoft basic primary
磁盤 /dev/mapper/Vol-root:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字節(jié)姑丑,41943040 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤 /dev/mapper/Vol-swap:2147 MB, 2147483648 字節(jié),4194304 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤 /dev/mapper/Vol-home:12.6 GB, 12561940480 字節(jié)辞友,24535040 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤 /dev/mapper/Vol-tmp:10.7 GB, 10737418240 字節(jié)栅哀,20971520 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤 /dev/mapper/Vol-var:166.4 GB, 166429982720 字節(jié),325058560 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
對比發(fā)現(xiàn)第一塊硬盤/dev/sdc
是新加的
磁盤 /dev/sdc:214.7 GB, 214748364800 字節(jié)称龙,419430400 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
三留拾、使用fdisk對/dev/sdc分區(qū)
fdisk /dev/sdc
回顯:
歡迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
更改將停留在內(nèi)存中茵瀑,直到您決定將更改寫入磁盤间驮。
使用寫入命令前請三思。
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盤標(biāo)識符 0xcb30a938 創(chuàng)建新的 DOS 磁盤標(biāo)簽马昨。
命令(輸入 m 獲取幫助):
輸入m查看常用指令及意義:
命令操作
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
輸入n,在當(dāng)前硬盤中新建一個分區(qū):
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
p是主分區(qū),e是擴(kuò)展分區(qū)扛施,輸入p,創(chuàng)建一個主分區(qū):
分區(qū)號 (1-4鸿捧,默認(rèn) 1):
硬盤全新,直接輸入回車疙渣,創(chuàng)建分區(qū)一:
起始 扇區(qū) (2048-419430399匙奴,默認(rèn)為 2048):
回車,使用默認(rèn)起始扇區(qū)
Last 扇區(qū), +扇區(qū) or +size{K,M,G} (2048-419430399妄荔,默認(rèn)為 419430399):
回車泼菌,使用默認(rèn)終止扇區(qū)
將使用默認(rèn)值 419430399
分區(qū) 1 已設(shè)置為 Linux 類型,大小設(shè)為 200 GiB
此時的更改還在內(nèi)存中啦租,輸入p確認(rèn)分區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)是否正確:
磁盤 /dev/sdc:214.7 GB, 214748364800 字節(jié)哗伯,419430400 個扇區(qū)
Units = 扇區(qū) of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇區(qū)大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節(jié) / 512 字節(jié)
磁盤標(biāo)簽類型:dos
磁盤標(biāo)識符:0xcb30a938
設(shè)備 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 419430399 209714176 83 Linux
確認(rèn)沒有問題后輸入w,改動落盤:
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
正在同步磁盤。
此時在硬盤/dev/sdc上創(chuàng)建了分區(qū)sdc1,
四篷角、將硬盤修改同步到系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核
partprobe /dev/sdc
五焊刹、查看物理卷、邏輯卷
pvdisplay查看物理卷:
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name Vol
PV Size <49.71 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12724
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 12724
PV UUID jGxa54-5Z5P-6TEz-YF2V-3dHP-fNCG-31v9rD
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name Vol
PV Size <150.00 GiB / not usable <3.97 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 38399
Free PE 256
Allocated PE 38143
PV UUID qZ4NuA-vZof-zAAN-N9rN-VK6K-z0yc-0gNZGs
lvdiskplay查看邏輯卷
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/Vol/home
LV Name home
VG Name Vol
LV UUID N18K2u-LOSG-3HRy-mUAA-eOQA-7mgi-F1Ko9F
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-08-09 01:07:38 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <11.70 GiB
Current LE 2995
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/Vol/tmp
LV Name tmp
VG Name Vol
LV UUID lIaK7n-GCcr-49G2-qTIY-hwLH-ZpRv-pqKl2I
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-08-09 01:07:38 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 10.00 GiB
Current LE 2560
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:3
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/Vol/var
LV Name var
VG Name Vol
LV UUID Ap6gbh-luh5-5pcj-WehD-Bx8w-9HD7-Xj04MR
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-08-09 01:07:38 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 155.00 GiB
Current LE 39680
Segments 3
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:4
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/Vol/root
LV Name root
VG Name Vol
LV UUID 4IfOQk-31cm-Fcx1-eanG-jeBf-lw0R-2yVTXM
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-08-09 01:07:38 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 20.00 GiB
Current LE 5120
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/Vol/swap
LV Name swap
VG Name Vol
LV UUID 77QaRH-sadM-yEii-HX5f-TvOT-64PY-EKJpXw
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-08-09 01:07:38 +0800
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:1
我們的目標(biāo)是使用新硬盤對/dev/Vol/var邏輯卷進(jìn)行擴(kuò)容:
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/Vol/var
LV Name var
VG Name Vol
LV UUID Ap6gbh-luh5-5pcj-WehD-Bx8w-9HD7-Xj04MR
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2022-08-09 01:07:38 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 155.00 GiB
Current LE 39680
Segments 3
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:4
使用pvcreate /dev/sdc1創(chuàng)建物理卷:
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.
使用pvdisplay查看發(fā)現(xiàn)多了/dev/sdc1這個物理卷
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name Vol
PV Size <49.71 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12724
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 12724
PV UUID jGxa54-5Z5P-6TEz-YF2V-3dHP-fNCG-31v9rD
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name Vol
PV Size <150.00 GiB / not usable <3.97 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 38399
Free PE 256
Allocated PE 38143
PV UUID qZ4NuA-vZof-zAAN-N9rN-VK6K-z0yc-0gNZGs
"/dev/sdc1" is a new physical volume of "<200.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc1
VG Name
PV Size <200.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID jloLZ4-TS9y-O5c8-TIQ9-yeCj-cecT-jwN6no
六恳蹲、將sdc硬盤的分區(qū)sdc1上創(chuàng)建的物理卷加入卷組
使用vgdisplay查看卷組
--- Volume group ---
VG Name Vol
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 8
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 5
Open LV 5
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <199.70 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 51123
Alloc PE / Size 50867 / <198.70 GiB
Free PE / Size 256 / 1.00 GiB
VG UUID J0mnNe-UHlF-jIcJ-1LEk-edeo-1tqJ-sN2ubw
使用命令 vgextend Vol /dev/sdc1 添加物理卷/dev/sdc1到卷組 Vol中
(Vol是卷組的名稱虐块,該命令添加一個或多個物理卷到卷組,用來擴(kuò)容卷組中的邏輯卷)
Volume group "Vol" successfully extended
再使用vgdisplay查看卷組
--- Volume group ---
VG Name Vol
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 9
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 5
Open LV 5
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size <399.70 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 102322
Alloc PE / Size 50867 / <198.70 GiB
Free PE / Size 51455 / <201.00 GiB
VG UUID J0mnNe-UHlF-jIcJ-1LEk-edeo-1tqJ-sN2ubw
發(fā)現(xiàn)變動行:
Free PE / Size 51455 / <201.00 GiB
七嘉蕾、擴(kuò)展邏輯卷贺奠,擴(kuò)展xfs分區(qū)大小
使用命令lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/Vol/var擴(kuò)展邏輯卷大小
* -l 選項表示后面的參數(shù)是要擴(kuò)展的邏輯卷的大小。
* +100%FREE 指定要將邏輯卷擴(kuò)展到空閑空間的最大百分比错忱。這里的 100%FREE 表示使用所有可用的空閑空間來擴(kuò)展邏輯卷儡率。
* /dev/Vol/var 是lvdisplay中的LV Path
Size of logical volume Vol/var changed from 155.00 GiB (39680 extents) to <356.00 GiB (91135 extents).
Logical volume Vol/var successfully resized.
使用sudo xfs_growfs /dev/Vol/var對xfs分區(qū)擴(kuò)展空間
meta-data=/dev/mapper/Vol-var isize=512 agcount=104, agsize=393216 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=40632320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 40632320 to 93322240
最后使用df命令查看硬盤分區(qū)挂据,發(fā)現(xiàn)/var分區(qū)已經(jīng)擴(kuò)容了
/dev/mapper/Vol-root 20G 1.3G 19G 7% /
devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 7.8G 8.5M 7.8G 1% /run
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 297M 125M 172M 43% /boot
/dev/mapper/Vol-var 356G 300M 356G 1% /var
/dev/mapper/Vol-tmp 10G 33M 10G 1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/Vol-home 12G 33M 12G 1% /home