微信官方文檔
申請測試號:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=sandbox/login
模板消息:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/readtmpl?t=tmplmsg/faq_tmpl
1.申請測試號扰魂,并記錄appID和appsecret
2.關(guān)注測試號
3.添加消息模板
{{topic.DATA}}
用戶名: {{user.DATA}}
單車編號:{{car.DATA}}
鎖定時間:{{date.DATA}}
{{remark.DATA}}
微信接口配置和代碼
1.添加微信配置文件
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "wechat")
public class WechatConf {
// 獲取accessToken的接口
public static final String GET_TOKEN_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=%s&secret=%s";
// 發(fā)送消息的接口
public static final String PUSH_MESSAGE_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=%s";
private String appId;
private String appsecret;
// 發(fā)送消息的接口的訪問憑證
private String accessToken;
public String getAppId() {
return appId;
}
public void setAppId(String appId) {
this.appId = appId;
}
public String getAppsecret() {
return appsecret;
}
public void setAppsecret(String appsecret) {
this.appsecret = appsecret;
}
public String getAccessToken() {
return accessToken;
}
public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
this.accessToken = accessToken;
}
}
這里@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "wechat")注解會報黃境肾,需要導(dǎo)入依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
2.填寫配置文件application.yml
以下兩個值會被注入到WechatConf 中
wechat:
app-id: wxc67a533f22dc2f9c
appsecret: <your appsecret>
3.注入發(fā)送Http請求的對象
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class RestConf {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
4.后臺調(diào)用微信接口憑證AccessToken的封裝類
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
public class AccessToken {
@JsonProperty("access_token")
private String accessToken;
@JsonProperty("expires_in")
private Long expiresIn;
public String getAccessToken() {
return accessToken;
}
public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
this.accessToken = accessToken;
}
public Long getExpiresIn() {
return expiresIn;
}
public void setExpiresIn(Long expiresIn) {
this.expiresIn = expiresIn;
}
}
5.使用定時任務(wù)獲取后臺訪問微信接口的憑證AccessToken
注意:需在啟動類上添加開啟定時任務(wù)的注解@EnableScheduling
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.thy.common.AccessToken;
import com.thy.config.WechatConf;
@Component
public class MessageTask {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private WechatConf wechatConf;
/**
* initialDelay: 初始化2s后執(zhí)行第一次
* fixedDelay:微信默認(rèn)Token過期時間為7200s,這里定時7100s執(zhí)行一次定時任務(wù)
*/
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 2000, fixedDelay = 7100 * 1000)
public void refreshToken() {
// 請求方式: GET
// URL:https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET
// 發(fā)起一個get請求,返回的數(shù)據(jù)json文本迅诬,使用json工具將json文本直接轉(zhuǎn)化為Class<?>
AccessToken accessToken = restTemplate.getForObject(
String.format(WechatConf.GET_TOKEN_URL, wechatConf.getAppId(), wechatConf.getAppsecret()),
AccessToken.class);
// 將獲取的accessToken注入wechatConf
wechatConf.setAccessToken(accessToken.getAccessToken());
}
}
6.發(fā)送消息接口的請求參數(shù)的封裝類
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
public class MessageTemplate {
@JsonProperty("touser")
private String toUser;
@JsonProperty("template_id")
private String templateId;
private String url;
private Map<String,String> miniprogram;
private Map<String, Map<String, String>> data = new HashMap<>();
public static Map<String, String> initData(String value, String color) {
HashMap<String, String> data = new HashMap<String, String>();
data.put("value", value);
data.put("color", color);
return data;
}
public String getToUser() {
return toUser;
}
public void setToUser(String toUser) {
this.toUser = toUser;
}
public String getTemplateId() {
return templateId;
}
public void setTemplateId(String templateId) {
this.templateId = templateId;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public Map<String, String> getMiniprogram() {
return miniprogram;
}
public void setMiniprogram(Map<String, String> miniprogram) {
this.miniprogram = miniprogram;
}
public Map<String, Map<String, String>> getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(Map<String, Map<String, String>> data) {
this.data = data;
}
}
7.發(fā)送消息接口的返回值的封裝類
public class Result {
private Integer errcode;
private String errmsg;
private Long msgid;
public Integer getErrcode() {
return errcode;
}
public void setErrcode(Integer errcode) {
this.errcode = errcode;
}
public String getErrmsg() {
return errmsg;
}
public void setErrmsg(String errmsg) {
this.errmsg = errmsg;
}
public Long getMsgid() {
return msgid;
}
public void setMsgid(Long msgid) {
this.msgid = msgid;
}
}
8.消息發(fā)送接口
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.thy.common.MessageTemplate;
import com.thy.common.Result;
import com.thy.config.WechatConf;
import com.thy.pojo.UserCarInfo;
@RestController
public class MessageController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private WechatConf wechatConf;
@RequestMapping("/sendMessage")
public Object sendMessage(@RequestBody UserCarInfo userCarInfo) {
MessageTemplate messageTemplate = new MessageTemplate();
// 設(shè)置模板id
messageTemplate.setTemplateId("othsG1ZD5w9ywTGyV6XCECnY1Q1oAIY5e-NvF94fzAI");
// 設(shè)置接收用戶openId
messageTemplate.setToUser("oUbk_1bVlUGqhMzQHMC_jbkysMgY");
//點擊詳情跳轉(zhuǎn)的地址
messageTemplate.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");
//設(shè)置模板dada參數(shù)
messageTemplate.getData().put("topic", MessageTemplate.initData("您的單車已經(jīng)鎖定成功,騎行請注意安全婿牍!\n", ""));
messageTemplate.getData().put("user", MessageTemplate.initData(userCarInfo.getUserName(), "#0000EE"));
messageTemplate.getData().put("car", MessageTemplate.initData(userCarInfo.getCarSn(), "#00CD00"));
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
messageTemplate.getData().put("date", MessageTemplate.initData(simpleDateFormat.format(new Date())+"\n", ""));
messageTemplate.getData().put("remark", MessageTemplate.initData("點擊詳情可查看您的租車信息", ""));
//調(diào)用微信接口侈贷,發(fā)送模板消息
Result result = restTemplate.postForObject(String.format(WechatConf.PUSH_MESSAGE_URL, wechatConf.getAccessToken()),
messageTemplate, Result.class);
return result;
}
}