最近新入手一本大神級英文寫作好書钢拧，
現(xiàn)把自己隨手寫的筆記貼過來叫胁，
分而享之议蟆。
THE ELEMENT OF STYLE
Note taking
一 Elementary? rules of usage
1.學(xué)會使用’s
例子： Charles’s friends? Burns’s poems
特例：Jesus’ ? ? ? for science’ sake
2.三項及以上描述對象的時候，連接詞間要用逗號
例子：red, white, and blue gold, sliver, or copper
He opened the letter, read it, and made a note of its contents
3. 插入語與主要句子間要加逗號
例子：? My brother if you will be pleasure to hear, is now in perfect health.
4.日期中的逗號使用
February to July, 1992
April 6, 1986
Wednesday, November 14, 1990
注意： 6 April 1988? 觀察一下：數(shù)字和單詞已經(jīng)被自然隔開 ? 因而不用另加逗號
5.縮略語etc. ? i.e.? e.g. ? 等 作為插入語使用時? 也要加逗號
例子：Letters, packages, etc., should go there.
Horace Fulsome, PH.D., presided
注意： 對于有身份／定義限制的名詞，不能使用逗號
例子：Billy the kid
The novelist Jane Austen
William the Conqueror
6.以where, who, which,when 等引導(dǎo)的插入語单山，要加逗號碍现，但是起限制性的從句則不可以
怎么判斷呢，就是米奸，如果where等引導(dǎo)的句子從整個句子中刪除而不影響句子語法結(jié)構(gòu)昼接，就要加逗號，反之則不能夠加
例子： The audience, which had at first been indifferent, became more and more interested.
這里的“which had at first been indifferent”如果被刪除悴晰，整個句子依舊完整慢睡，因而符合加逗號的要求
People who lives in glass house shouldn’t throw stones.
這里的“who lives in glass house”一旦去掉，將會影響整個句子的語法正確性铡溪，因而不能加逗號漂辐。
7.如果主句前有修飾的句子or短語，修飾句子和短語要加逗號
例子：Partly by hard fighting, partly by diplomatic skill, they enlarged their dominions to the east and rose to royal rank with the possession of Sicily.
The situation is perilous, but there is still one chance of escape.
注意：兩個句子間用as棕硫，for髓涯，or，nor哈扮，while鏈接的 需要加逗號
例子：The situation is perilous, but if we are prepared to act promptly, there is still one chance of escape.
再次注意：如果主語一致纬纪，且兩句之間用but連接，則需要在兩句之間用逗號滑肉；如果是用and連接包各，則不用逗號
例子：I have heard the arguments, but am still unconvinced.
He has had several year’s experience and is thoroughly competent.
8.兩及以上完整句子之間用分號“；”隔開
例子：Mary’s work are entertaining; they are full of engaging ideas.
It’s nearly half past five; we can't? reach town before dark.
體會一下句子對于標(biāo)點符號使用的不同：
Mary’s work are entertaining. They are full of engaging ideas.
Mary’s work are entertaining, for they are full of engaging ideas.
注意：如果第二個句子以副詞引領(lǐng)赦邻，則還是需要用分號
例子：I had never been in the place before; therefore, it was dark as a tomb.
特例：當(dāng)句子非常短且簡單時髓棋，可以用逗號
例子：Man proposes, God disposes.
I hardly know him, he was so changed.
以上。
To be continued……
