virtualenv -- python虛擬沙盒
有人說：virtualenv腰埂、fabric 和 pip 是 pythoneer 的三大神器狞山。
一尸红、安裝
pip install virtualenv
二、創(chuàng)建虛擬環(huán)境
root@kali:/recall/code# virtualenv test_env
New python executable in test_env/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
root@kali:/recall/code#
三幅聘、啟動虛擬環(huán)境
root@kali:/recall/code# ls -l test_env/
總用量 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 29 20:03 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 29 19:58 include
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 4月 29 19:58 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 4月 29 19:58 local
root@kali:/recall/code#
- 我們先進(jìn)入到該目錄下:
cd test_env/ - 然后啟動
root@kali:/recall/code/test_env# source ./bin/activate
virtualenv envname ##創(chuàng)建一個新的隔離環(huán)境
cd envname
Scripts\activate ##激活并切換到virtualenv環(huán)境
- 啟動成功后，會在前面多出 test_env 字樣窃植，如下所示
(test_env)root@kali:/recall/code/test_env#
四帝蒿、使用測試
(test_env)root@kali:/recall/code/test_env# pip install requests
Downloading/unpacking requests
Downloading requests-2.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (625kB): 625kB downloaded
Installing collected packages: requests
Successfully installed requests
Cleaning up...
(test_env)root@kali:/recall/code/test_env# python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Jan 2 2013, 13:56:14)
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import requests
>>>
>>> response = requests.get("http://www.baidu.com")
>>> response.status_code
200
>>>
五、退出虛擬環(huán)境
deactivate
virtualenvwrapper
- 安裝
# windows
pip install virtualenvwrapper-win
# Linux
pip install virtualenvwrapper
- 設(shè)置
WORKON_HOME環(huán)境變量
virtualenvwrapper默認(rèn)將所有的虛擬環(huán)境放在～/.virtualenvs目錄下管理巷怜，可以修改環(huán)境變量WORKON_HOME來指定虛擬環(huán)境 的保存目錄葛超。
WORKON_HOME=D:\ven_py
# linux (放到/etc/profile 或 ~/.bash_profile)
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs # 自定義
export PROJECT_HOME=$HOME/workspace
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
- 新建虛擬環(huán)境
mkvirtualenv venv_py27
-
查看安裝的所有虛擬環(huán)境
workon -
進(jìn)入虛擬環(huán)境
workon venv_py27 -
退出虛擬環(huán)境
deactivate
1.windows下搭建virtualenv暴氏、virtualenvwrapper虛擬環(huán)境
2.python------virtualenv&virtualenvwrapper的使用
Linux下安裝多版本Python時用virtualenvwrapper.sh
- 安裝了python3后用pip3安裝了virtualenvwrapper
- 在用workon創(chuàng)建虛擬環(huán)境時報以下問題
/usr/bin/python: No module named virtualenvwrapper
/usr/bin/python: No module named virtualenvwrapper
解決方法:
- 查看
virtualenvwrapper.sh的位置
? ~ whereis virtualenvwrapper.sh
virtualenvwrapper: /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
- 查看
virtualenvwrapper.sh, 會看到有個VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON變量, 默認(rèn)是$(command \which python): 也就是/usr/bin/python默認(rèn)情況下就是python27
? ~ vim /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
...
47 # Locate the global Python where virtualenvwrapper is installed.
48 if [ "${VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON:-}" = "" ]
49 then
50 VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON="$(command \which python)"
51 fi
- 根據(jù)以上可以直接設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3.6
exprot VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3.6
還可以將默認(rèn)的
python改為python3或 直接用默認(rèn)的python版本安裝virtualenvwrapper
