英語學習筆記:2016-06-05

偶爾會收到別人的名片台谍,對方姓:Ng[1]骗卜,根據維基上的解釋:

Ng (pronounced [??]; English approximation often /???/ or /???/) or /????/) is a Cantonese, Shanghainese[1] and Hakka transliteration of the Chinese surnames 吳/吳 (Pinyin transliteration for Mandarin equivalent: Wú) and 伍 (Mandarin Wǔ) meaning "five". In Hokkien (Taiwanese) and Teochew, Ng corresponds to the surname 黃/黃 (Mandarin Huáng) meaning "yellow"; or to 阮 (Mandarin Ruǎn).

The surname is sometimes romanized as Ang, Eng, Ing and Ong in the United States and Ung in Australia. Ng is sometimes romanized as Woo or Wu even by people of Cantonese origin, such as John Woo. In Vietnam, the corresponding surname is Ng?. In Cambodia, the corresponding surname is Oeng.

所以下次再遇到的時候可以問問對方是哪里人,如果是香港人乓诽、上海人或者客家人,那可能姓“吳”或者“伍”,如果是臺灣人或者潮汕人莽囤,那么可能姓“黃”或者“阮”。

對于同一個姓切距,在不同的拼音體系下面朽缎,寫法是不同的,比如普通話里面的陳(chen)谜悟,粵拼(Jyutping)會寫成(chan)话肖,有人整理了一個詳細的對比列表,對于查詢姓氏在Mandarin葡幸、Cantonese最筒、Min Nan、Hakka中的不同拼法有幫助:《List of common Chinese surnames》


經常會遇到一些行業(yè)相關的單詞蔚叨,在別人系統(tǒng)整理的基礎上床蜘,簡單的做了一下擴充,接下來有必要的時候會繼續(xù)完善:

English 對應
industry 工業(yè)蔑水,產業(yè)邢锯,行業(yè)
advertising industry 廣告業(yè)
agricultural industry 農業(yè)產業(yè)
aircraft industry 飛機制造業(yè)
animation industry 動畫產業(yè)
armament industry 軍火工業(yè)
basic industry 基礎工業(yè),重工業(yè)
book industry 圖書出版業(yè)
brewing industry 啤酒釀造工業(yè)搀别;釀造工業(yè)
capital-and-technology-intensive industries 資金技術密集型產業(yè)
car industry 汽車制造工業(yè)
clothing industry 服裝工業(yè)
electronic industry 電子工業(yè)
entertainment industry 娛樂業(yè)
equipment manufacturing industry 裝備制造業(yè)
financial industry 金融行業(yè)
heavy industry 重工業(yè)
internet industry 互聯(lián)網產業(yè)
information industry 信息產業(yè)
IT industry 信息技術產業(yè)
knowledge-intensive industry 知識密集型產業(yè)
light industry 輕工業(yè)
logistics industry 物流產業(yè)
lottery industry 博彩業(yè)
manufacturing industry 制造業(yè)
medical industry 醫(yī)療產業(yè)
monopoly industries 壟斷行業(yè)
real estate industry 房地產業(yè)
rubber industry 橡膠工業(yè)
secondary industry 第二產業(yè)
service industry 服務業(yè)
textile industry 紡織行業(yè)
tertiary industry 第三產業(yè)
tourist industry 旅游業(yè)

本來只是想查一下 avenue丹擎、road和street的差別,沒想到在 reddit 上有一個巨詳細的解釋[2]

A road has no special qualifiers. It connects point a to point b.
A street connects buildings together, usually in a city, usually east to west, opposite of avenue.
An avenue runs north south. Avenues and streets may be used interchangeably for directions, usually has median
A boulevard is a street with trees down the middle or on both sides
A lane is a narrow street usually lacking a median.
A drive is a private, winding road
A way is a small out of the way road
a court usually ends in a cul de sac or similar little loop
a plaza or square is usually a wide open space, but in modern definitons, one of the above probably fits better for a plaza as a road.
a terrace is a raised flat area around a building. When used for a road it probably better fits one of the above.
uk, a close is similar to a court, a short road serving a few houses, may have cul de sac
run is usually located near a stream or other small body of water
place is similar to a court, or close, usually a short skinny dead end road, with or without cul de sac, sometimes p shaped
bay is a small road where both ends link to the same connecting road
crescent is a windy s like shape, or just a crescent shape, for the record, above definition of bay was also given to me for crescent
a trail is usually in or near a wooded area
mews is an old british way of saying row of stables, more modernly seperate houses surrounding a courtyard
a highway is a major public road, usually connecting multiple cities
a motorway is similar to a highway, with the term more common in New Zealand, the UK, and Austrailia, no stopping, no pedestrian or animal traffic allowed
an interstate is a highway system connecting usually connecting multiple states, although some exist with no connections
a turnpike is part of a highway, and usully has a toll, often located close to a city or commercial are
a freeway is part of a highway with 2 or more lanes on each side, no tolls, sometimes termed expressway, no intersections or cross streets.
a parkway is a major public road, usually decorated, sometimes part of a highway, has traffic lights.
a causeway combines roads and bridges, usually to cross a body of water
circuit and speedway are used interchangeably, usually refers to a racing course, practically probably something above.
as the name implies, garden is usually a well decorated small road, but probably better fits an above
a view is usually on a raised area of land, a hill or something similar.
byway is a minor road, usually a bit out of the way and not following main roads.

a cove is a narrow road, can be sheltered, usually near a larger body of water or mountains
a row is a street with a continuous line of close together houses on one or both sides, usually serving a specific function like a frat
a beltway is a highway surrounding an urban area
quay is a concrete platform running along water
crossing is where two roads meet
alley a narrow path or road between buildings, sometimes connects streets, not always driveable
point usually dead ends at a hill
pike usually a toll road
esplanade long open, level area, usually a walking path near the ocean
square open area where multiple streets meet, guess how its usually shaped.
landing usually near a dock or port, historically where boats drop goods.
walk historically a walking path or sidewalk, probably became a road later in its history
grove thickly sheltered by trees
copse a small grove
driveway almost always private, short, leading to a single residence or a few related ones
laneway uncommon, usually down a country road, itself a public road leading to multiple private driveways.
trace beaten path
circle usually circles around an area, but sometimes is like a "square", an open place intersected by multiple roads.
channel usually near a water channel, the water itself connecting two larger bodies of water,
grange historically would have been a farmhouse or collection of houses on a farm, the road probably runs through what used to be a farm
park originally meaning an enclosed space, came to refer to an enclosed area of nature in a city, usually a well decorated road.
mill probably near an old flour mill or other mill.
spur similar to a byway, a smaller road branching off from a major road.
bypass passes around a populated area to divert traffic
roundabout or traffic circle circle around a traffic island with multiple connecting routes, a roundabout is usually smaller, with less room for crossing and passing, and safer
wynd a narrow lane between houses, similar to an alley, more common in UK
drive shortened form of driveway, not a driveway itself, usually in a neighborhood, connects several houses
parade wider than average road historically used as a parade ground.
terrace more common in uk, a row of houses.
chase on land historically used as private hunting grounds.
branch divides a road or area into multiple subdivisions.


  1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng_(name) ?

  2. https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2me7l2/eli5_whats_the_difference_between_an_ave_rd_st_ln/ ?

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