20230422--從dmidecode命令看硬件信息

dmidecode是一個(gè)分析BIOS DMI(Basic Input Output System Desktop Management Interface)數(shù)據(jù)的工具;用于在Linux下獲取硬件信息承匣,遵循SMBIOS/DMI標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普泡,可獲取包括BIOS、系統(tǒng)仓技、主板屯蹦、處理器足画、內(nèi)存、緩存等等硬件信息块促。
BIOS DMI充當(dāng)了管理工具和系統(tǒng)層之間接口的角色荣堰。它建立了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的可管理系統(tǒng)更加方便了電腦廠商和用戶對(duì)系統(tǒng)的了解。DMI的主要組成部分是Management Information Format(MIF)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)竭翠。這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)包括了所有有關(guān)電腦系統(tǒng)和配件的信息振坚。通過(guò)DMI,用戶可以獲取序列號(hào)斋扰、電腦廠商渡八、串口信息以及其它系統(tǒng)配件信息。

# yum provides "*/dmidecode"
Last metadata expiration check: 15:04:45 ago on Tue 18 Apr 2023 02:12:56 AM CST.
dmidecode-1:3.3-4.el8.x86_64 : Tool to analyse BIOS DMI data
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Filename    : /usr/sbin/dmidecode
Filename    : /usr/share/doc/dmidecode
Filename    : /usr/share/licenses/dmidecode

1.dmidecode命令說(shuō)明

# dmidecode --help
Usage: dmidecode [OPTIONS]
Options are:
 -d, --dev-mem FILE     Read memory from device FILE (default: /dev/mem)
 ##從設(shè)備文件讀取信息褥实,輸出內(nèi)容與不加參數(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出相同
 -h, --help             Display this help text and exit
 -q, --quiet            Less verbose output
 ## -q 打印所有硬件信息呀狼,最小的詳細(xì)輸出
 -s, --string KEYWORD   Only display the value of the given DMI string
 ##只顯示指定DMI字符串的信息
 -t, --type TYPE        Only display the entries of given type
  ##只顯示指定類型的信息
 -H, --handle HANDLE    Only display the entry of given handle

 -u, --dump             Do not decode the entries
 ##顯示未解碼的原始條目?jī)?nèi)容
     --dump-bin FILE    Dump the DMI data to a binary file
 ##將DMI數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)到一個(gè)二進(jìn)制文件中
     --from-dump FILE   Read the DMI data from a binary file
 ##從一個(gè)二進(jìn)制文件讀取DMI數(shù)據(jù)
     --no-sysfs         Do not attempt to read DMI data from sysfs files
     --oem-string N     Only display the value of the given OEM string
 -V, --version          Display the version and exit
 
 # dmidecode -t --help
Invalid type keyword: --help
Valid type keywords are:
  bios        # 查看BIOS相關(guān)的硬件信息
  system      # 查看系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的硬件信息
  baseboard   # 查看主板相關(guān)的硬件信息
  chassis     # 查看機(jī)箱相關(guān)的硬件信息
  processor   # 查看處理器相關(guān)的硬件信息
  memory      # 查看內(nèi)存相關(guān)的硬件信息
  cache       # 查看緩存相關(guān)的硬件信息
  connector   # 查看連接器(鼠標(biāo)、鍵盤等)相關(guān)的硬件信息
  slot        # 查看槽位相關(guān)的硬件信息
  
dmidecode -t同時(shí)支持?jǐn)?shù)字參數(shù)损离;即dmidecode -t 0等效于dmidecode -t bios哥艇。
 Type   Information
       --------------------------------------------
          0   BIOS      BIOS 信息
          1   System    系統(tǒng)信息
          2   Baseboard  基板(或模塊)信息
          3   Chassis    系統(tǒng)外圍或底架 
          4   Processor   處理器信息 
          5   Memory Controller  存儲(chǔ)控制器信息
          6   Memory Module      存儲(chǔ)模塊信息 
          7   Cache    調(diào)整緩存信息 
          8   Port Connector  端口連接器信息 
          9   System Slots  系統(tǒng)插槽
         10   On Board Devices  板載設(shè)備信息 
         11   OEM Strings   OEM 字符串
         12   System Configuration Options  系統(tǒng)配置選項(xiàng)
         13   BIOS Language   BIOS 語(yǔ)言信息
         14   Group Associations   組相聯(lián)
         15   System Event Log   系統(tǒng)事件日志
         16   Physical Memory Array  物理存儲(chǔ)陣列 
         17   Memory Device  存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備 
         18   32-bit Memory Error  32-bit內(nèi)存錯(cuò)誤信息
         19   Memory Array Mapped Address  存儲(chǔ)陣列映射地址
         20   Memory Device Mapped Address  存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備映射地址 
         21   Built-in Pointing Device  內(nèi)建指針設(shè)備 
         22   Portable Battery  便攜式電池 
         23   System Reset  系統(tǒng)重置 
         24   Hardware Security  硬件安全 
         25   System Power Controls  系統(tǒng)電源控制 
         26   Voltage Probe  電壓探針 
         27   Cooling Device  冷卻設(shè)備 
         28   Temperature Probe  溫度傳感器 
         29   Electrical Current Probe  電流探頭 
         30   Out-of-band Remote Access  越界遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn) 
         31   Boot Integrity Services  引導(dǎo)完整性服務(wù) 
         32   System Boot  系統(tǒng)引導(dǎo)信息 
         33   64-bit Memory Error  64-bit內(nèi)存錯(cuò)誤信息
         34   Management Device  管理設(shè)備 
         35   Management Device Component  管理設(shè)備組件 
         36   Management Device Threshold Data  管理設(shè)備門檻數(shù)據(jù) 
         37   Memory Channel  存儲(chǔ)信道 
         38   IPMI Device  IPMI 設(shè)備信息 
         39   Power Supply  系統(tǒng)供電電源 
         40   Additional Information  附加信息 
         41   Onboard Devices Extended Information  板載設(shè)備擴(kuò)展信息 
         42   Management Controller Host Interface  管理控制器主機(jī)接口 
         126  不活動(dòng)指示 
         127  表格結(jié)束指示 

2.dmidecode輸出的硬件信息

# dmidecode -q

//BIOS相關(guān)的硬件信息
BIOS Information
Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD # 廠商
Version: 6.00 # 版本號(hào)
Release Date: 07/29/2019
Address: 0xEA480
Runtime Size: 88960 bytes
ROM Size: 64 kB
Characteristics:
ISA is supported
PCI is supported
PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported
PNP is supported
APM is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
ESCD support is available
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
Printer services are supported (int 17h)
CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
ACPI is supported
Smart battery is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Function key-initiated network boot is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
BIOS Revision: 4.6
Firmware Revision: 0.0
//系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Information
Manufacturer: VMware, Inc. # 廠商
Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform # 服務(wù)器型號(hào)
Version: None # 版本號(hào)
Serial Number: VMware-56 4d b1 0e 3a 0f 76 8e-24 f1 20 a6 bb e2 b7 d2 # 主板序列號(hào)
UUID: 0eb14d56-0f3a-8e76-24f1-20a6bbe2b7d2 # UUID
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Not Specified
//基板(或模塊)信息
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
Product Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: None
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Features: None
Location In Chassis: Not Specified
Type: Unknown
//機(jī)箱相關(guān)的硬件信息
Chassis Information
Manufacturer: No Enclosure
Type: Other
Lock: Not Present
Version: N/A
Serial Number: None
Asset Tag: No Asset Tag
Boot-up State: Safe
Power Supply State: Safe
Thermal State: Safe
Security Status: None
OEM Information: 0x00001234
Height: Unspecified
Number Of Power Cords: Unspecified
Contained Elements: 0
//處理器1相關(guān)的硬件信息
Processor Information
Socket Designation: CPU #000
Type: Central Processor
Family: Unknown
Manufacturer: GenuineIntel
ID: E3 06 04 00 FF FB 8B 0F
Version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
Voltage: 3.3 V
External Clock: Unknown
Max Speed: 30000 MHz
Current Speed: 2400 MHz
Status: Populated, Enabled
Upgrade: ZIF Socket
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Core Count: 1
Core Enabled: 1
Characteristics:
64-bit capable
Execute Protection
...多個(gè)處理器...
//處理器128相關(guān)的硬件信息
Processor Information
Socket Designation: CPU #127
Type: Central Processor
Family: Unknown
Manufacturer: GenuineIntel
ID: E3 06 00 00 FF FB 8B 0F
Version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
Voltage: 3.3 V
External Clock: Unknown
Max Speed: 30000 MHz
Current Speed: 2400 MHz
Status: Populated, Disabled By BIOS
Upgrade: ZIF Socket
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Core Count: 1
Core Enabled: 1
Characteristics:
64-bit capable
Execute Protection
//內(nèi)存控制器相關(guān)的硬件信息
Memory Controller Information
Error Detecting Method: None
Error Correcting Capabilities:
None
Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave
Current Interleave: One-way Interleave
Maximum Memory Module Size: 32768 MB
Maximum Total Memory Size: 491520 MB
Supported Speeds:
70 ns
60 ns
Supported Memory Types: ##支持的內(nèi)存類型
FPM
EDO
DIMM
SDRAM
Memory Module Voltage: 3.3 V
Associated Memory Slots: 15
0x0006
0x0007
0x0008
0x0009
0x000A
0x000B
0x000C
0x000D
0x000E
0x000F
0x0010
0x0011
0x0012
0x0013
0x0014
Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities:
None
//內(nèi)存1相關(guān)的硬件信息
Memory Module Information
Socket Designation: RAM socket #0
Bank Connections: None
Current Speed: Unknown
Type: EDO DIMM
Installed Size: 1024 MB (Single-bank Connection)
Enabled Size: 1024 MB (Single-bank Connection) #當(dāng)前內(nèi)存1G
Error Status: OK
....
//內(nèi)存15相關(guān)的硬件信息
Memory Module Information
Socket Designation: RAM socket #14
Bank Connections: None
Current Speed: Unknown
Type: DIMM
Installed Size: Not Installed
Enabled Size: Not Installed
Error Status: OK
//緩存L1 1相關(guān)的硬件信息
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L1
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 1
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 16 kB
Maximum Size: 16 kB
Supported SRAM Types:
Burst
Pipeline Burst
Asynchronous
Installed SRAM Type: Asynchronous
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Unknown
System Type: Unknown
Associativity: Unknown
...
//緩存L1 128相關(guān)的硬件信息
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L1
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 1
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 16 kB
Maximum Size: 16 kB
Supported SRAM Types:
Burst
Pipeline Burst
Asynchronous
Installed SRAM Type: Asynchronous
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Unknown
System Type: Unknown
Associativity: Unknown

//緩存L2 1相關(guān)的硬件信息
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L2
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 2
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: External
Installed Size: 0 kB
Maximum Size: 24 MB
Supported SRAM Types:
Burst
Pipeline Burst
Asynchronous
Installed SRAM Type: Burst
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Unknown
System Type: Unknown
Associativity: Unknown
....
//緩存L2 128相關(guān)的硬件信息
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L2
Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 2
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: External
Installed Size: 0 kB
Maximum Size: 24 MB
Supported SRAM Types:
Burst
Pipeline Burst
Asynchronous
Installed SRAM Type: Burst
Speed: Unknown
Error Correction Type: Unknown
System Type: Unknown
Associativity: Unknown
//端口連接器1相關(guān)的硬件信息
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J19
Internal Connector Type: 9 Pin Dual Inline (pin 10 cut)
External Reference Designator: COM 1 #COM口
External Connector Type: DB-9 male
Port Type: Serial Port 16550A Compatible
//端口連接器2相關(guān)的硬件信息
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J23
Internal Connector Type: 25 Pin Dual Inline (pin 26 cut)
External Reference Designator: Parallel
External Connector Type: DB-25 female
Port Type: Parallel Port ECP/EPP
//端口連接器3相關(guān)的硬件信息
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J11
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: Keyboard #鍵盤
External Connector Type: Circular DIN-8 male
Port Type: Keyboard Port
//端口連接器4相關(guān)的硬件信息
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J12
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: PS/2 Mouse #鼠標(biāo)
External Connector Type: Circular DIN-8 male
Port Type: Keyboard Port
//端口連接器4相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: ISA Slot J8
Type: 16-bit ISA
Current Usage: Unknown
Length: Short
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
Bus Address: 00ff:ff:1f.7
//槽位1相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: ISA Slot J9
Type: 16-bit ISA
Current Usage: Unknown
Length: Short
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
Bus Address: 00ff:ff:1f.7
//槽位2相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: ISA Slot J10
Type: 16-bit ISA
Current Usage: Unknown
Length: Short
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
Bus Address: 00ff:ff:1f.7
//槽位3相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: PCI Slot J11
Type: 32-bit PCI
Current Usage: In Use
Length: Long
ID: 1
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
3.3 V is provided
Bus Address: 0000:00:0f.0
//槽位4相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: PCI Slot J12
Type: 32-bit PCI
Current Usage: In Use
Length: Long
ID: 2
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
3.3 V is provided
Bus Address: 0000:00:10.0
//槽位5相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: PCI Slot J13
Type: 32-bit PCI
Current Usage: In Use
Length: Long
ID: 3
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
3.3 V is provided
Bus Address: 0000:00:11.0
//槽位6相關(guān)的硬件信息
System Slot Information
Designation: PCI Slot J14
Type: 32-bit PCI
Current Usage: Available
Length: Long
ID: 4
Characteristics:
5.0 V is provided
3.3 V is provided
Bus Address: 0000:00:12.0

On Board Device 1 Information
Type: Video
Status: Disabled
Description: VMware SVGA II
On Board Device 2 Information
Type: Sound
Status: Disabled
Description: ES1371

OEM Strings
String 1: [MS_VM_CERT/SHA1/27d66596a61c48dd3dc7216fd715126e33f59ae7]
String 2: Welcome to the Virtual Machine

System Event Log
Area Length: 16 bytes
Header Start Offset: 0x0000
Header Length: 16 bytes
Data Start Offset: 0x0010
Access Method: General-purpose non-volatile data functions
Access Address: 0x0000
Status: Invalid, Full
Change Token: 0x00000036
Header Format: Type 1
Supported Log Type Descriptors: 3
Descriptor 1: POST error
Data Format 1: POST results bitmap
Descriptor 2: Single-bit ECC memory error
Data Format 2: Multiple-event
Descriptor 3: Multi-bit ECC memory error
Data Format 3: Multiple-event

Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 3 GB
Number Of Devices: 64
//RAM(隨機(jī)存取內(nèi)存)內(nèi)存1
Memory Device
Total Width: 32 bits
Data Width: 32 bits
Size: 1 GB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: RAM slot #0
Bank Locator: RAM slot #0
Type: DRAM
Type Detail: EDO
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: Not Specified
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Rank: Unknown
Configured Memory Speed: Unknown
//RAM內(nèi)存2
Memory Device
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: RAM slot #1
Bank Locator: RAM slot #1
Type: DRAM
Type Detail: Unknown
...
//RAM內(nèi)存64
Memory Device
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: RAM slot #63
Bank Locator: RAM slot #63
Type: DRAM
Type Detail: Unknown

//NVD內(nèi)存1
Memory Device
Total Width: 32 bits
Data Width: 32 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: NVD #0
Bank Locator: NVD #0
Type: Other
Type Detail: Unknown

//NVD內(nèi)存64
Memory Device
Total Width: 32 bits
Data Width: 32 bits
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: NVD #63
Bank Locator: NVD #63
Type: Other
Type Detail: Unknown

32-bit Memory Error Information
Type: OK
Granularity: Unknown
Operation: Unknown
Vendor Syndrome: Unknown
Memory Array Address: Unknown
Device Address: Unknown
Resolution: Unknown

Memory Array Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x0003FFFFFFF
Range Size: 1 GB
Partition Width: 64
//內(nèi)存設(shè)備映射地址 1
Memory Device Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x0003FFFFFFF
Range Size: 1 GB
Partition Row Position: Unknown
Interleave Position: Unknown
Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown
...
//內(nèi)存設(shè)備映射地址 64
Memory Device Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x0003FFFFC00
Ending Address: 0x0003FFFFFFF
Range Size: 1 kB
Partition Row Position: Unknown
Interleave Position: Unknown
Interleaved Data Depth: Unknown

System Reset
Status: Enabled
Watchdog Timer: Present
Boot Option: Do Not Reboot
Boot Option On Limit: Do Not Reboot
Reset Count: Unknown
Reset Limit: Unknown
Timer Interval: Unknown
Timeout: Unknown

Hardware Security
Power-On Password Status: Disabled
Keyboard Password Status: Unknown
Administrator Password Status: Enabled
Front Panel Reset Status: Unknown

Out-of-band Remote Access
Manufacturer Name: Intel
Inbound Connection: Enabled
Outbound Connection: Disabled

System Boot Information
Status: No errors detected

64-bit Memory Error Information
Type: OK
Granularity: Unknown
Operation: Unknown
Vendor Syndrome: Unknown
Memory Array Address: Unknown
Device Address: Unknown
Resolution: Unknown

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