Day 1?單詞作業(yè)
Phrases
1. account for
a. to form the total of sth :The former bookseller accounts for more than half of every new dollar spent online in America.
b. to explain the reason for sth or the cause of sth: He has to account to his manager for (= tell his manager and explain) all his movements.
2. cloud computing 云計(jì)算
3. cable channel 有線電視
4. work on
to spend time repairing or improving sth
Yet Amazon's shareholders are working on the premise that it is just getting started.
His dancing technique is good, but he needs to work on his fitness.
5. market capitalisation 市值 MarketCap
6. due to
because of
92% of its value is due to profits expected after 2020.
A lot of her unhappiness is due to boredom.
7. tick off 列舉出
It is easy to tick off some of the pitfalls.
8. beef up
to make sth stronger or more important
Walmart already has revenues nudging $500bn and is beefing up online.
We need to find some players to beef up the team.
Your report on the new car park is fine, but why don't you beef it up with some figures?
9. achieve unprecedented goals
10. whinge about
to complain
In an era when executives routinely whinge about pressure to produce short-term results.
11. short-term results vs. distant horizon
12. virtuous circle vs. vicious circle
13. whirl around
to (cause sth to) turn around in circles
A third virtuous circle is starting to whirl around Alexa, the firm's voice-activated assistant.
14. crank out
(informal) to produce sth with no special care or effort
But the business is starting to crank out cash.
Like clock-work, he cranks out a new book every year.
15. logistics firms 物流公司呆贿；search engines 搜索引擎；social networks 社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)
16. reminiscent of
making you remember a particular person, event, or thing
A wingspan this large is more reminiscent of a conglomerate than a retailer, which makes Amazon's share price seem even more bloated.
That song is so reminiscent of my adolescence.
17. air-freight hub 空運(yùn)貨物集散地
18. cash register （現(xiàn)金）收銀臺(tái)
19. drone delivery 無(wú)人機(jī)派送
20. equivalent of
A rough calculation suggests its earnings could be worth the equivalent of 25% of the combined profits of listed Western retail and media firms.
Ten thousand people a year die of the disease-- that's the equivalent of the population of this town.
21. legal liability 法律責(zé)任
22. chip away
to break a small piece off sth by accident
The comparative immunity from legal liability of digital platforms is being chipped away.
23. predatory pricing 掠奪性定價(jià)
a situation in which a company offers goods at such a low price that other companies cannot compete with it
Investors value Amazon's growth over profits; that makes predatory pricing more tempting.
The airline has reduced its prices so sharply that it has been accused of predatory pricing.
24. breadth of activities 經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍
Words
1. activate
v. to cause sth to start 激活
a virtual voice-activated assistant
The alarm is activated by the lightest pressure.
2. premise
n. an idea or theory on which a statement or action is based
Yet Amazon's shareholders are working on the premise that it is just getting started.
They had started with the premise that all men are created equal.
3.fertile
* fertile ground for sth
a situation or place which produces good results or a lot of ideas
Ground for scepticism does not come much more fertile than this.
British politics remains very fertile ground for comedy.
4. pitfall
n. a likely mistake or problem in a situation
It is easy to tick off some of the pitfalls.
The store fell into one of the major pitfalls of small business, borrowing from suppliers by paying bills late.
5. propel
v. to push or move sth to sp, often with a lot of force
Mr Bezos emphasises continual investment to propel its two principal businesses, e-commerce and Amazon Web Services (AWS).
* propel sb into/to/towards sth
to cause sb to do an activity or be in a situation
The film propelled him to international stardom.(the quality of being famous, esp. for an actor)
6. lure
v. to persuade sb to do sth or go sp by offering them sth exciting
In e-commerce, the more shoppers Amazon lures, the more retailers and manufacturers want to sell their goods on Amazon.
She was lured into the job by the offer of a high salary.
He has lures his victim to a deserted house.
7. entice
v. to persuade sb to do sth by offering them sth pleasant
The adverts entice the customer into buying things they don't really want.
A smell of coffee in the doorway enticed people to enter the shop.
enticement (n)
One of the enticements of the job is the company car.
.8. heady
a. having a powerful effect, making you feel slightly drunk or excited
In the heady days of their youth, they thought anything was possible.
9. prophecy
n. a statement 預(yù)言
So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon's heady valuation resembles a self-fulfilling prophecy.
These doom and gloom prophecies are doing little to help the economy.
* prophesy
v. to say that you believe sth will happen in the future
He prophesied that the present government would only stay four years in office.
I wouldn't like to prophesy what will happen to that marriage.
10. debacle
n. a complete failure, esp. because of bad planning and organization
It has had its failures-- its attempt to make a smartphone was a debacle.
The collapse of the company was described as the greatest financial debacle in US history.
11.quadruple四; triple三; double二
12. sheer
a.(complete) used to emphasize how very great, important, or powerful a quality of feeling is; nothing except
If Amazon's approach to time-frames is unusual, so too is the sheer breadth of its activities.
The sheer size of the country makes communications difficult. 幅員遼闊
13. conglomerate
n. a company that owns several smaller businesses whose products or services are usually different
the financial/industrial conglomerate
* corporation
n. a large company or group of companies that is controlled together as a single organization
a multinational corporation
14.presumably 大概
Such tools could presumably serve other customers, too.
15. utility
n. a service that is used by the public
utility bills
Some think that Amazon could become a new kind of utility: one that provides the infrastructure of commerce, from computing power to payments to logistics.
16.pristine
a. (approving) new or almost new , and in very good condition
Seen through this lens, Amazon appears pristine.
Washing machine for sale-- only two months old and in pristine condition.
17.well-regarded
a. used to describe sb or sth about which people have a good opinion
The airline is well-regarded by passengers.
Consumers applaud it; it is the most well-regarded company in America.
18.boon
n. sth that is very helpful and improves the quality of life
AWS is a boon to startups, too.
Guide dogs are a great boon to the partially sighted.
19. clout
n. power or influence over other people or events
In Europe, Google stands accused of using its clout as a search engine to extend its power to adjacent businesses.
The Queen may have privilege but she has no real political clout.
20. inflammatory
a. intended or likely to cause anger or hate
the posting of inflammatory content/language/remarks
21. vetting 審核
the vetting of drivers on Uber
Amazon Studios is trying to disrupt this process right now through crowd sourcing the vetting process.
Terms
1. Conglomerate discount is an economic concept describing a situation when the stock market values a diversified group of businesses and assets at less than the sum of its parts. The explanation of this phenomenon comes from a conglomerate's inability to manage various and different businesses as well as do focused companies. Therefore, the market penalizes a multi-division firm and attaches a lower multiple to its earnings and cash flows, thus creating the discount. However, the opposite concept, called conglomerate premium.
集團(tuán)化折價(jià)（或多元化折價(jià)）是指铁瞒，集團(tuán)化企業(yè)的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值，低于所估計(jì)出來(lái)的各個(gè)子公司的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值之和桑谍。
多元化經(jīng)營(yíng)主要優(yōu)勢(shì)之一應(yīng)該是分散風(fēng)險(xiǎn)溯饵，可幾十年前很多公司發(fā)現(xiàn)，投資者不喜歡這種模式蚓哩。比起投資一家旗下業(yè)務(wù)眾多的綜合性大企業(yè)蔓涧，投資者更愿意自己在各行業(yè)配置多元化投資組合件已，因?yàn)榫C合性大企業(yè)往往有著信息不對(duì)稱，效率低下元暴，結(jié)構(gòu)臃腫等諸多弊病篷扩。這就是眾所周知的“集團(tuán)化折價(jià)”。但是這個(gè)概念似乎更適合制造業(yè)主導(dǎo)的20世紀(jì)昨寞，在21世紀(jì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)瞻惋，大數(shù)據(jù)分析，機(jī)器智能興起的時(shí)代援岩，是略顯過(guò)時(shí)的歼狼。
2. S&P 500 index 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾指數(shù)500是記錄美國(guó)500家上市公司的一個(gè)股票指數(shù)。
3. 掠奪性定價(jià)
掠奪性定價(jià)又稱劫掠性定價(jià)享怀、掠奪價(jià)羽峰、有時(shí)亦稱掠奪性定價(jià)歧視，是指一個(gè)廠商將價(jià)格定在犧牲短期利潤(rùn)以消除競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手并在長(zhǎng)期獲得高利潤(rùn)的行為。
掠奪性定價(jià)是一種不公平的低價(jià)行為梅屉，實(shí)施該行為的企業(yè)占有一定的市場(chǎng)支配地位值纱，他們具有資產(chǎn)雄厚、生產(chǎn)規(guī)模大坯汤、分散經(jīng)營(yíng)能力強(qiáng)等競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)虐唠，所以有能力承擔(dān)暫時(shí)故意壓低價(jià)格的利益損失，而一般的中小企業(yè)勢(shì)單力薄惰聂，無(wú)力承擔(dān)這種犧牲疆偿。
其次，掠奪性定價(jià)是以排擠競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手為目的的故意行為搓幌，實(shí)施該行為的企業(yè)以低于成本價(jià)銷售杆故，會(huì)造成短期的利益損失，但是這樣做的目的是吸引消費(fèi)者溉愁，以此為代價(jià)擠走競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手处铛，行為人在一定時(shí)間達(dá)到目的后，會(huì)提高銷售價(jià)格拐揭，獨(dú)占市場(chǎng)撤蟆。
Day 2?邏輯導(dǎo)圖＋神句翻譯
翻譯
1. The former bookseller accounts for more than half of every new dollar spent online in U.S.
曾經(jīng)的圖書(shū)銷售商占據(jù)了美國(guó)一半以上的線上銷售額。
2. Since the beginning of 2015, its share price has jumped by 173%, seven times quicker than in the two previous years. (and 12 times faster than the S&P 500 Index)
自2015年初投队，他的股價(jià)已暴漲了173個(gè)百分點(diǎn)枫疆，比前兩年的增速快7倍。（比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾指數(shù)增速快12倍）
3. With a market capitalization of some 400bn, it is the fifth most valuable firm in the world.
全球市值排名第五的公司的市值大概有4000億美元敷鸦。
4. Never before has a company been worth so much for so long while making so little money: 92% of its value is due to its profits expected after 2020.
此前從未有一個(gè)公司（像亞馬遜一樣）這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盈利這么少卻價(jià)值這么高：那是因?yàn)樗俜种攀膬r(jià)值來(lái)源于2020年以后所預(yù)估的收益。
5. Walmart already has revenues nudging 500bn and is beefing up online.
沃爾瑪?shù)臓I(yíng)業(yè)額已高達(dá)5000億寝贡，而且線上發(fā)展的勢(shì)頭十分強(qiáng)勁扒披。
6. Last year the cash-flow (before investment) was $16bn, more than quadruple the level five years ago.
去年的現(xiàn)金流量（投資前）達(dá)到了160億美元，是五年前的四倍圃泡。
7. If it makes as much money as investors hope, a rough calculation suggests its earnings could be worth the equivalent of 25% of the combined profits of listed Western retail and media firms.
如果它的營(yíng)業(yè)額達(dá)到投資商的預(yù)期碟案，那么粗略的估計(jì)它所獲得的利潤(rùn)可能相當(dāng)于西方上市的零售與傳媒公司的利潤(rùn)總和的百分之二十五。
8. Grounds for skepticism does not come more fertile than this: Amazon will have to grow faster than almost any big company in modern history to justify its valuation.
最充分的質(zhì)疑的理由莫過(guò)于亞馬遜不得不拼命的發(fā)展颇蜡，超過(guò)現(xiàn)代史上幾乎所有的大公司的發(fā)展速度价说，以此來(lái)為它的價(jià)值正言。
9. In an era when executives routinely whinge about pressure to produce short-term results, Amazon is resolutely focused on the distant horizon.
在這個(gè)管理者們千篇一律地抱怨著為了創(chuàng)造短期效益而帶來(lái)的壓力的時(shí)代风秤，亞馬遜堅(jiān)定不移地將眼光放在長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益上鳖目。
10. Mr. Bezos emphasizes continual investment to propel its principal businesses.
貝佐斯重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)利用持續(xù)投資來(lái)推動(dòng)亞馬遜的兩個(gè)主要業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展。
11. A third virtuous circle is starting to whirl around Alexa, the firm's voice-activated assistant.
第三個(gè)良性循環(huán)是關(guān)于Alexa, 亞馬遜公司推出的語(yǔ)音助手缤弦。
12. So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon's heady valuation resembles a self-fulfilling prophecy.
只要股東們對(duì)這種運(yùn)營(yíng)模式有信心领迈，那么亞馬遜目前激動(dòng)人心的市值就會(huì)成為自我應(yīng)驗(yàn)的預(yù)言。
13. Their faith is sustained by Amazon's record.
他們能擁有這種信心的背后是亞馬遜領(lǐng)先世界的不敗紀(jì)錄的支持。
14. It has had it failures-- its attempt to make a smart-phone was a debacle. But the business is starting to crank out cash.
它固然有自己失誤-- 涉足智能手機(jī)領(lǐng)域就是一個(gè)最大的敗筆狸捅。但好在開(kāi)始大把大把的賺錢(qián)了衷蜓。
15. If Amazon's approach to time-frames is unusual, so too is the sheer breadth of its activities.
如果說(shuō)亞馬遜在“時(shí)間模式”上的策略是不走尋常路的話，那它旗下所涉足的領(lǐng)域之寬也是非同一般啊尘喝。
16. A wingspan this large is more reminiscent of a conglomerate than a retailer, which makes Amazon's share price seem even more bloated: stock markets typically apply a "conglomerate discount" to reflect their in-efficiencies.
正因?yàn)樗孀愕念I(lǐng)域如此之廣磁浇，使得它更像是一個(gè)多元化的企業(yè)集團(tuán)，而不單單是零售商朽褪。這讓亞馬遜的股價(jià)愈發(fā)言過(guò)其實(shí)了：股票市場(chǎng)最愿意拿“多元化折讓”來(lái)反映這種大型的企業(yè)集團(tuán)的低效率了扯夭。
17. Seen through this lens, Amazon appears pristine.
從這個(gè)角度來(lái)看，亞馬遜還算是一片凈土鞍匾。
18. Consumers applaud it; it is the most well-regarded company in America, according to a Harris poll.
顧客們對(duì)它稱贊有加交洗；根據(jù)哈里斯的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查顯示它算是美國(guó)最受歡迎的公司了。
19. If it gets anywhere close to fulfilling it, it will attract the attention of regulators.
如果它步步為營(yíng)橡淑，想盡辦法的實(shí)現(xiàn)它的目標(biāo)构拳，那么與此同時(shí)也會(huì)引起監(jiān)管人員的注意。
20. But as it grows, so will concerns about its power.
但是隨著它的擴(kuò)張梁棠，人們對(duì)它的勢(shì)力范圍的擔(dān)憂也隨之增加置森。
21. Investors value Amazon's growth over profits; that makes predatory pricing more tempting.
投資商們看重的是亞馬遜的發(fā)展空間而非目前的企業(yè)利潤(rùn)，因此這種掠奪性的定價(jià)就更吸引人了符糊。
思維導(dǎo)圖
Day 3?總結(jié)反思
翻譯對(duì)比
1. The former bookseller accounts for more than half of every new dollar spent online in U.S.
曾經(jīng)的圖書(shū)銷售商占據(jù)了美國(guó)一半以上的線上銷售額凫海。
美國(guó)新增線上交易中，書(shū)商起家的亞馬遜占到一半以上份額男娄。
2. Since the beginning of 2015, its share price has jumped by 173%, seven times quicker than in the two previous years. (and 12 times faster than the S&P 500 Index)
自2015年初行贪，它的股價(jià)已暴漲了173個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，比前兩年的增速快7倍模闲。（比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾指數(shù)增速快12倍）
自2015年初起建瘫，亞馬遜公司股價(jià)飆升173%，增速是前兩年的七倍尸折。（為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的12倍）
倍數(shù)翻譯的不準(zhǔn)確啰脚，是...的七倍 VS. 比...快七倍
3. With a market capitalization of some 400bn, it is the fifth most valuable firm in the world.
全球市值排名第五的公司的市值大概有4000億美元。
亞馬遜以約4000億美元的市值排名全球第五实夹。
句子成分的主次顛倒橄浓，沒(méi)有突出主要內(nèi)容（市值排名全球第五）
4. Never before has a company been worth so much for so long while making so little money: 92% of its value is due to its profits expected after 2020.
此前從未有一個(gè)公司（像亞馬遜一樣）這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盈利這么少卻價(jià)值這么高：那是因?yàn)樗俜种攀膬r(jià)值來(lái)源于2020年以后所預(yù)估的收益。
從未有過(guò)一家公司能在盈利如此有限的情況下亮航，長(zhǎng)久維持如此之高的估值：其中92%來(lái)自2020年以后的盈利預(yù)期荸实。
之前糾結(jié)于making so little money該怎么表達(dá)，翻譯成盈利這么少不符合事實(shí)情況塞赂，自己又找不到更好的譯法泪勒≈缰“有限”這個(gè)表達(dá)恰到好處。
5. Walmart already has revenues nudging 500bn and is beefing up online.
沃爾瑪?shù)臓I(yíng)業(yè)額已高達(dá)5000億圆存，而且線上發(fā)展的勢(shì)頭十分強(qiáng)勁叼旋。
沃爾瑪?shù)臓I(yíng)收已接近5000億，并且還在增強(qiáng)線上業(yè)務(wù)沦辙。
6. Last year the cash-flow (before investment) was $16bn, more than quadruple the level five years ago.
去年的現(xiàn)金流量（投資前）達(dá)到了160億美元夫植，是五年前的四倍。
去年現(xiàn)金流（投資之前）為160億美元油讯，是五年前的四倍详民。
7. If it makes as much money as investors hope, a rough calculation suggests its earnings could be worth the equivalent of 25% of the combined profits of listed Western retail and media firms.
如果它的營(yíng)業(yè)額達(dá)到投資商的預(yù)期，那么粗略的估計(jì)它所獲得的利潤(rùn)可能相當(dāng)于西方上市的零售與傳媒公司的利潤(rùn)總和的百分之二十五陌兑。
如果該公司實(shí)際業(yè)績(jī)與投資者預(yù)期一致沈跨，據(jù)初步統(tǒng)計(jì)，其利潤(rùn)等同于所有西方零售和媒體上市公司利潤(rùn)總和的25%兔综。
rough calculation 翻譯腔嚴(yán)重
8. Grounds for skepticism does not come much more fertile than this: Amazon will have to grow faster than almost any big company in modern history to justify its valuation.
最充分的質(zhì)疑的理由莫過(guò)于亞馬遜不得不拼命的發(fā)展饿凛，超過(guò)現(xiàn)代史上幾乎所有的大公司的發(fā)展速度，以此來(lái)為它的價(jià)值正言软驰。
最強(qiáng)有力的質(zhì)疑根據(jù)是：亞馬遜的增長(zhǎng)速度必須超過(guò)近代史上幾乎任意一家大公司才能支撐其估值涧窒。
9. In an era when executives routinely whinge about pressure to produce short-term results, Amazon is resolutely focused on the distant horizon.
在這個(gè)管理者們千篇一律地抱怨著為了創(chuàng)造短期效益而帶來(lái)的壓力的時(shí)代，亞馬遜堅(jiān)定不移地將眼光放在長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益上锭亏。
當(dāng)今時(shí)代纠吴，主管們常常抱怨實(shí)現(xiàn)短期目標(biāo)壓力太大，而亞馬遜則堅(jiān)定不移的聚焦長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)慧瘤。
翻譯的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句都把自己繞進(jìn)去了戴已，拆分成小句，短小精悍碑隆。
10. Mr. Bezos emphasizes continual investment to propel its principal businesses.
貝佐斯重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)利用持續(xù)投資來(lái)推動(dòng)亞馬遜的兩個(gè)主要業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展恭陡。
貝索斯先生重視兩大核心業(yè)務(wù)的持續(xù)投資以促進(jìn)發(fā)展。
11. A third virtuous circle is starting to whirl around Alexa, the firm's voice-activated assistant.
第三個(gè)良性循環(huán)是關(guān)于Alexa, 亞馬遜公司推出的語(yǔ)音助手上煤。
第三個(gè)良性循環(huán)是圍繞Alexa的，即該公司聲控助手著淆。
12. So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon's heady valuation resembles a self-fulfilling prophecy.
只要股東們對(duì)這種運(yùn)營(yíng)模式有信心劫狠，那么亞馬遜目前激動(dòng)人心的市值就會(huì)成為自我應(yīng)驗(yàn)的預(yù)言。
只要股東們對(duì)這一模式保持信念永部，那么亞馬遜的超高估值就類似于自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言独泞。
擴(kuò)展積累
1. 表示上升的動(dòng)詞：jump; increase; go up; rise; soar
?表示下降的動(dòng)詞：plummet; diminish; decrease; decline
?表示消除的動(dòng)詞：eliminate; eradicate
2. revenue: 收入，營(yíng)業(yè)額苔埋，營(yíng)收
?profit= earning 利潤(rùn) earnings per share 每股收益懦砂；export earnings 出口利潤(rùn)
3. quadruple (triple; double)
adj. Last year cash-flow was $16bn, more than quadruple the level five years ago.
v. Sales have quadrupled in the last five years.
4. justify
to give or to be a good reason for “證明正確”
I can't really justify taking another day off work.
Are you sure that these measures are justified?
Her success has justified the faith her teacher had put in her.
They have been asked to justify the decision to Parliament.
How can they justify paying such huge salaries?
* justify yourself
If you justify yourself, you give a good reason for what you have done
It was the only thing that I could do-- I don't have to justify myself to anyone.
5. 吸引: lure; entice; attract
In e-commerce, the more shoppers Amazon lures, the more retailers and manufacturers want to sell their goods on Amazon.
That gives Amazon more cash for new services- such as two-hour shipping and streaming video and music-- which entice more shoppers.
Similarly, the more customers use AWS, the more Amazon can invest in new services, which attract more customers.
6. 比喻句
Seen through this lens, Amazon appears pristine.
透過(guò)棱鏡，好似潔白無(wú)瑕。（從這方面來(lái)看荞膘，似乎亞馬遜并無(wú)過(guò)失罚随。）
Ground for skepticism does not come much more fertile than this.
ground 衍生為“根據(jù)，理由”羽资，土壤很肥沃淘菩，很有底氣
A wingspan this large is more reminiscent of a conglomerate than a retailer.
wingspan 翼幅 衍生為“經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍”
7. Most well-regarded company/ Most admired company/ Most highly-regarded company/ Best Perceived Brand
8. get anywhere close to 幾乎實(shí)現(xiàn)
If it gets anywhere close to fulfilling them, it will attract the attention of regulators.
9. As..., so... 隨著... 也就...
10. Value A over B 更看重A而非B
? Choose A over B 選擇A而非B
心得小結(jié)
以前對(duì)亞馬遜的了解僅限于書(shū)商，后來(lái)使用kindle屠升，也還是了解它的圖書(shū)經(jīng)營(yíng)領(lǐng)域潮改。讀完此篇文章對(duì)亞馬遜公司了解得更多了些。
我對(duì)文中提到的self-fulfilling prophecy感觸很大腹暖，自己現(xiàn)在正在準(zhǔn)備復(fù)習(xí)考研汇在，給自己設(shè)定了目標(biāo)矢空。對(duì)自己有著高期待喉誊，也希望能如愿以償栈妆。
