詞類
名詞 動詞 形容詞 副詞 代詞 數(shù)詞 冠詞 介詞 連詞 感嘆詞
句子成分
主語 謂語 賓語 定語 狀語 補語 表語
詞
- 實詞:做句子成分;
- 虛詞:不做句子成分玉锌;+其他詞性=句子某種成分
詞類和句子成分之間的關(guān)系
詞類 | 句子成分 |
---|---|
名詞 | 主語 賓語 定語 表語 補語 |
動詞 | 謂語 |
形容詞 | 定語 補語 表語 |
副詞 | 狀語 表語 |
主語
主語表明句子中說的是誰或是什么沪伙。
-
told us an interesting story.(名詞)
-
love our motherland.(代詞)
-
is nine.(數(shù)詞)
-
is a good exercise.(動名詞)
-
is to believe(動詞不定式)
-
is more practice.(從句)
定語
主要由形容詞擔(dān)任瓮顽,此外,名詞围橡、代詞暖混、數(shù)詞、副詞翁授、介詞短語拣播、動詞不定式(短語)善绎、分詞、定語從句等也可充當(dāng)定語诫尽。
- His words moved everyone
.(形容詞修飾不定代詞)
- This is a
bridge.(名詞作定語)
- His father is
maths teacher.(代詞作定語)
- We belong to the
world.(數(shù)次作定語)
- We should have told us if there was anything
.(副詞作定語)
- Yesterday the scientist madde a report
.(介詞短語作定語)
- Do you have anythong more
.(不定式作定語)
- Do you know the number of books
?(過去分詞短語作定語)
-
dogs seldom bitm.(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語)
- He is a man
.(定語從句作定語)
詞匯&語法禀酱?
英語中有詞匯詞(lexical word)和語法詞(grammatical word)。
“實詞”或“詞匯詞”起表意作用牧嫉;
“虛詞”或“語法詞”起語法的作用剂跟。
舉例
- tree
- run
- pretty
- quickly
- happiness
- contribute
- ambitious
- cordially
- of
- and
1-10意義越來越虛
根據(jù)動詞分類句子
- enjoy 的語法型式(grammatical pattern)
enjoy+onself/doing/sth.
- I enjoyed myself at the party.對
- They enjoy running in the evening.對
- We enjoyed the film very much.對
- He enjoyed them very much at the party.(×)
- She enjoyed that the food at the party was delicious.(×)
- deprive和deny兩個詞的語法型式
deprie(剝奪)
V sb of sth
deny(剝奪)
V sb sth;V sth to sb
- We deprived them of access to the information.對
- We deprived them access to the information.(×)
- We denied them access to the information. 對
- We denied access to the information to them.對
- We denied them of access to the information.(×)