原文鏈接地址：https://bitcointechtalk.com/bitcoin-gold-what-you-need-to-know-8b3e645be409
文章題目是：Bitcoin Gold: What you need to know
咱們先看看Jimmy Song 是誰姓建？領(lǐng)英介紹：Full stack developer, manager and bitcoin early adopter. 全棧開發(fā)者槐沼，比特幣早期開發(fā)者移袍，他還是一位管理人員鲤屡。看來是一位區(qū)塊鏈愛好者列粪，還是業(yè)內(nèi)老鳥了审磁，所以他的觀點有一定的參考價值。
Bitcoin Gold: What you need to know
There’s a Bitcoin hard fork around the corner and it’s not 2x.Announcedright before Bitcoin Cash forked, Bitcoin Gold is scheduled to go live sometime in November. In this article, I’m going to explain what Bitcoin Gold is, how and when it will hard fork and what you’ll need to do to prepare.
這次不久就會發(fā)生的比特幣硬分叉不是2X（另外一種比特幣硬分叉岂座，可能在11月份發(fā)生）态蒂，它在Bitcoin Cash(比特幣第一次硬分叉，國內(nèi)稱為BCC费什，國外稱為BCH)的硬分叉前就已經(jīng)公布了钾恢，Bitcoin Gold 計劃是在11月份某個時間啟動。在這篇文章中鸳址，我將說解釋說明什么是Bitcoin Gold瘩蚪，這次硬分叉是如何發(fā)生的，什么時候發(fā)生以及你需要做什么準備工作稿黍。
What is Bitcoin?Gold?
Bitcoin Gold is the brainchild of Jack Liao and is launching as a hard fork of Bitcoin. The goal of BTG is to become a better gold than Bitcoin. The chief way they have decided to do this is trying to solve miner centralization through a proof-of-work change.
Bitcoin Gold是Jack Liao的點子并實施這次比特幣的硬分叉疹瘦。BTG（即Bitcoin Gold的簡稱，下文同）的目標是變得比特幣更好闻察。他們想主要通過轉(zhuǎn)變pow的方式來解決原比特幣礦工過于集中的問題拱礁。
Changing proof-of-work is generally going to require a hard fork and BTG has decided to go that route. The proof-of-work that they’ve chosen isEquihash, a memory-hard algorithm that’s fairly ASIC and also used by ZCash. The idea is to give mining back to the users who can start using CPUs and GPUs to mine.
轉(zhuǎn)變pow工作量證明模式通常會需要硬分叉，BTG決定采用這種途徑來實現(xiàn)辕漂。他們選擇工作證明是Equihash模式呢灶，內(nèi)存硬盤算法能很好的平衡ASIC這樣的算力過大的問題，并且這種模式ZCASH中已經(jīng)使用了钉嘹。這個主意讓挖礦的礦工用CPU和GPU都可以去挖礦鸯乃。
BTG developers are also considering a premine of up to 1%. How that will be executed is unclear, but will probably consist of taking some of the mining reward as they’re committed to keeping BTG at the 21 million limit.
BTG開發(fā)者在也考慮之后達到1%（這個沒有看明白指的是什么），具體怎么執(zhí)行還不清楚，但是有可能會給一些挖礦獎勵缨睡，并且繼續(xù)保持BTG總體數(shù)量2100萬個不變鸟悴。
What’s so special about ASIC resistance? 什么讓ASIC（比特幣一個大的礦機專業(yè)生產(chǎn)商，據(jù)說當算力達到過比特幣的51%算力的危險值奖年，如果達到比特幣將失去最重要的特性－無法更改記錄细诸，從而失去人們對它的信任。）如此特殊的抵抗陋守？
ASICs are Application Specific Integrated Circuits. They’re different from CPUs in that they do only one thing, but they do it really, really well.
ASIC是比特幣挖礦專用集成電路生產(chǎn)商震贵。他們和酡CPU生產(chǎn)商不同，他專業(yè)只做挖礦機水评，做的真的非常好猩系。
Bitcoin mining is currently completely dominated by ASICs, mostly produced by Bitmain, Bitfury and Canaan. This is largely due to the proof-of-work function (SHA256) being reasonably simple and not requiring much RAM. Equihash, on the other hand, is a pretty complex hashing function and requires a lot of RAM to perform. That means it’s much more expensive to produce ASICs for Equihash and the speed gain isn’t nearly as much.
比特幣挖礦現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全被ASIC設(shè)備所控制，基本上都是由Bitmain（比特大陸）中燥，Bitfury and Canaan生產(chǎn)的寇甸。這主要是因為pow工作權(quán)益證明很簡單，不需要太多RAM疗涉。而另一方面Equihash是一個復(fù)雜的散列函數(shù)拿霉，需要大量RAM來執(zhí)行。這樣如果ASIC為Equihash生產(chǎn)挖礦機就昂貴很多博敬，收益速度也不會同樣的多友浸。
To give you an idea, a normal CPU can mine SHA256 at around 5–10 MH/s. An ASIC can mine SHA256 at around 5–10 TH/s, or about 1 million times more work per second than a CPU can. By comparison, a normal CPU can mine Equihash at around 10–30 H/s, where as specialized equipment can do something like 1000–3000 H/s, or about 100 times more work per second.
給你一個想法峰尝，一個普通的CPU可以在大約5-10 MH / s的時候挖出SHA256偏窝。ASIC可以在大約5-10個TH / s的時間內(nèi)挖掘SHA256，每秒工作一百萬次比CPU高出很多武学。相比之下祭往，正常的CPU可以在10-30 H / s的范圍內(nèi)挖掘Equihash，專門的設(shè)備可以像1000-3000 H / s火窒，每秒工作量大約100倍硼补。
In other words, the playing field is a lot more level with Equihash than SHA256 due to the ASIC-resistance. Of course, it’s hard to know how much economics would change if Equihash were to become as profitable, but suffice it to say that the efficiency gain would still be much less than SHA256.
也就是說，比賽中ASIC的挖SHA256性能遠超Equihash熏矿，當然已骇，如果Equihash開始變得有利可圖了，很難知道能帶來多少經(jīng)濟變化票编，但也可以足以說明效率提高要無少于SHA256.
When are they going to Hard?Fork? 什么時候開始硬分叉褪储？
Their plan is to pick a block on October 25, 2017 to fork from, hence the date on their webpage. That doesnotmean that their coin launches on that day, just that the Bitcoin blockchain gets frozen for the BTG chain on that day and new BTG blocks built on top later.
他們計劃是在17年10月25日選擇一個塊從他們網(wǎng)頁的這個日期上開始分叉。這并不是說他們新幣會在那天產(chǎn)生慧域，只有在Bitcoin 區(qū)塊鏈凍結(jié)那天鲤竹，BTG新鏈出來，BTG塊也會在新鏈上面產(chǎn)生昔榴。
Currently, they are planning an early November release, which means that their blockchain will have no blocks for a week or so in between.
目前辛藻，他們計劃在11月初釋放新鏈碘橘，這意味著他們的區(qū)塊鏈在一周左右的時間內(nèi)沒有區(qū)塊產(chǎn)生。
The Bitcoin Gold developers plan to create a testnet sometime in mid-to-late October. They’ll make theirsoftwareavailable soon after.
BTG開發(fā)團隊計劃在10月中某個時間創(chuàng)建一個testnet吱肌，他們之后就很快可以提供軟件了伞辛。
What does it mean for?me?對為來說這是意味著什么呢？
Bitcoin Gold will only affect you if you own Bitcoin when they pick the hard fork block, that is, around October 25. You will receive the exact amount of Bitcoin Gold as Bitcoin you hold at that block.
BTG將只會影響你自己擁有的BTC當他們硬分叉時合冀，那會是大約在10月25日恭金。你將得到和你持有BTC數(shù)量一樣多的BTG。
They are planning strong replay protection, so you probably won’t have to worry about replay attacks. However, you will most likely need to download a wallet or construct transactions manually to be able to move your Bitcoin Gold tokens.
他們有很強大的重放保持計劃勇边，所以你不用太擔心重放攻擊犹撒。可是粒褒，你很可能需要下載一個錢包识颊，或者手動創(chuàng)建一個交易，以便能轉(zhuǎn)移你的BTG幣奕坟。
Basically, if Bitcoin Gold isn’t worth very much (less than 0.0001 BTC or so), it’s probably not worth doing anything. If it’s actually worth something (say 0.01 BTC or higher), there will be tools that wallet developers will most likely write so you can access your Bitcoin Gold.
基本上祥款，如果BTG價值不多，比如少于0.0001BTC或者更少月杉，它對于你來說沒價值做什么事情刃跛。如果有些價值的東西，比如0.01BTC或者更高苛萎，那錢包開發(fā)商都會開發(fā)工具讓你訪問你的BTG桨昙。
If you have your Bitcoins on an exchange, the exchange will likely credit you with your Bitcoin Gold eventually. This will especially be true if BTG has value above 0.01 BTC. Generally, it’s better to control your own private keys as that gives you the most flexibility. That said, the fiduciary duty any exchange or merchant has when they take possession of your Bitcoin means they probably have to give you the Bitcoin Gold due to you.
如何你有比特幣在交易所，交易所可能最終還是會給你BTG腌歉。尤其你的比特幣價值是0.01BTC以上的情況下蛙酪。通常，你最好控制好你的私鑰這樣可以讓你有更多的靈活性翘盖。那些你放幣的交易所或商人有義務(wù)和責任把BTG給你桂塞。
Conclusion 結(jié)論：
Bitcoin Gold is another hard fork that will bring some changes to the ecosystem. If you’re a holder, there isn’t that much to fear here, and there may be some free money in it for you! If you’re a developer for any wallet or exchange, that’s another story.
BTG是BTC另外一個硬分叉，它將為這個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來一些改變馍驯。如果你是BTC的擁有者阁危，這沒有什么好擔心的，并且你還將免費得到一個幣汰瘫！如果你是你交易所和錢包的開發(fā)團隊狂打，那就是另外一個事兒了。
這次作業(yè)硬著頭皮吟吝，借助翻譯工具來理解生詞菱父，花了一天時間總算讀了一遍，并把大概意思翻譯了出來，第一次可能有錯誤的地方浙宜，歡迎戰(zhàn)友指正官辽。
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