WebKit中更新的WKWebView控件的新特性與使用方法域慷,它很好的解決了UIWebView存在的內(nèi)存严就、加載速度等諸多問題总寻。
一、WKWebView新特性
在性能梢为、穩(wěn)定性渐行、功能方面有很大提升(最直觀的體現(xiàn)就是加載網(wǎng)頁是占用的內(nèi)存:
允許JavaScript的Nitro庫加載并使用(UIWebView中限制);
支持了更多的HTML5特性铸董;
高達(dá)60fps的滾動刷新率以及內(nèi)置手勢祟印;
將UIWebViewDelegate與UIWebView重構(gòu)成了14類與3個協(xié)議查看蘋果官方文檔;
二粟害、WebKit框架概覽
WebKit概覽.png
WebKit的14類與3個協(xié)議
WKWebView:網(wǎng)頁的渲染與展示蕴忆,通過WKWebViewConfiguration可以進(jìn)行自定義配置。
WKWebViewConfiguration:這個類專門用來配置WKWebView悲幅。
WKPreference:這個類用來進(jìn)行相關(guān)webView設(shè)置套鹅。
WKProcessPool:這個類用來配置進(jìn)程池,與網(wǎng)頁視圖的資源共享有關(guān)汰具。
WKUserContentController:這個類主要用來做native與JavaScript的交互管理卓鹿。
WKUserScript:用于進(jìn)行JavaScript注入。
WKScriptMessageHandler:這個類專門用來處理JavaScript調(diào)用native的方法留荔。
WKNavigationDelegate:網(wǎng)頁跳轉(zhuǎn)間的導(dǎo)航管理協(xié)議减牺,這個協(xié)議可以監(jiān)聽網(wǎng)頁的活動。
WKNavigationAction:網(wǎng)頁某個活動的示例化對象。
WKUIDelegate:用于交互處理JavaScript中的一些彈出框拔疚。
WKBackForwardList:堆棧管理的網(wǎng)頁列表肥隆。
WKBackForwardListItem:每個網(wǎng)頁節(jié)點(diǎn)對象。
初始化webView
webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
//WKUIDelegate
webView.UIDelegate = self;
//WKNavigationDelegate
webView.navigationDelegate = self;
//UIScrollViewDelegate
webView.scrollView.delegate = self;
//允許側(cè)滑返回
webView.allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures = true;
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]];
//監(jiān)聽webView的相關(guān)屬性
//監(jiān)聽是否存在二級頁面
[webView addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"canGoBack" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
//監(jiān)聽加載進(jìn)度
[webView addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"estimatedProgress" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];
WKUIDelegate
//Alert彈窗代理
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler{
}
//Confirm按鈕點(diǎn)擊代理
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler{
}
// 輸入框代理
-(void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * _Nullable))completionHandler{
completionHandler(@"runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt");
NSLog(@"runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt");
}
WKNavigationDelegate
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler{
//是否允許發(fā)起請求
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler{
//是否允許接收數(shù)據(jù)響應(yīng)
decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyAllow);
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation{
//開始網(wǎng)頁請求
NSLog(@"didStartProvisionalNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation{
//鏈接重定向
NSLog(@"didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation withError:(NSError *)error{
//請求失敗稚失、請求出錯
NSLog(@"didFailProvisionalNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation{
//接收到請求數(shù)據(jù)
NSLog(@"didCommitNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation{
//成功完成請求
NSLog(@"didFinishNavigation = %@",webView.backForwardList.backItem.title ? : @"首頁");
}
WKScriptMessageHandler
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
}
原生App和JS交互
1. js調(diào)用原生方法
//注冊本地原生方法供h5 webkit 喚起
[webView.configuration.userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"say_hello"];
//MARK: - WKScriptMessageHandler(回調(diào)處理)
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
}
2. 原生調(diào)用js方法
webview 的evaluateJavaScript方法栋艳,參數(shù)為所調(diào)用H5函數(shù)的函數(shù)名及所需參數(shù)
NSDictionary *para = @{@"name":@"detail",@"type":@"2"};
NSError *error;
NSData *paraData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:para options:0 error:&error];
NSString *paraStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:paraData encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSString *funcStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello(%@)",paraStr];
//調(diào)用js function
[webView evaluateJavaScript:funcStr completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
}];