電影“雙重賠償”(1944)根據(jù)James M. Cain同名小說改編振愿,曾或七項(xiàng)奧斯卡提名,說的是妻子謀殺親夫騙取保險(xiǎn)金的故事瞳抓,編劇是著名作家雷德蒙·錢德勒。
電影問世20年后伏恐,1964年10月8日凌晨孩哑,加州南區(qū),35歲的家庭主婦Lucille Miller開車來(lái)到一處僻靜的所在翠桦,往在副駕駛座上昏睡的丈夫身上淋汽油横蜒,放火燒死了他。這樁轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的案件被稱為真實(shí)的“雙重賠償案”销凑。
電影中丛晌,謀殺親夫的Phyllis和保險(xiǎn)代理Neff是一對(duì)罪惡鴛鴦,兩人合謀殺人騙倍酚祝∨熘耄現(xiàn)實(shí)中,Lucille Miller除了覬覦丈夫的意外死亡賠償金蜕窿, 也和當(dāng)?shù)芈蓭烝rthwell Hayton有婚外情谋逻。巧的是律師之妻不久前在睡夢(mèng)中死亡,檢察官曾對(duì)外宣稱死因可疑桐经,而Lucille Miller也是嫌犯毁兆,她曾在律師夫人死亡的頭天晚上去過她家。但是阴挣,在Lucille Miller承認(rèn)謀殺親夫后气堕,檢方宣布不再調(diào)查律師夫人死亡事件。
因?yàn)榕c電影的互關(guān)性畔咧,這樁案件是加州當(dāng)年最為引人注目的社會(huì)新聞茎芭,媒體還預(yù)測(cè),根據(jù)檢方的指控誓沸,Lucille Miller很可能是加州歷史上第一個(gè)被處以死刑的女性骗爆。1965年3月5日,Lucille Miller被處以終身監(jiān)禁蔽介,她的律師因此批評(píng)檢方摘投,說他們事前大做文章煮寡,聲稱要判她死刑,目的就是為了挑選那些冷酷無(wú)情犀呼、毫無(wú)人性的家伙進(jìn)入陪審團(tuán)幸撕。
辯護(hù)律師Edward Foley是一個(gè)情感豐富的愛爾蘭人,庭審期間多次當(dāng)眾流淚外臂。他堅(jiān)信其當(dāng)事人無(wú)罪坐儿,一審判決后,他于1966年將案件上訴至加州高院宋光,1968年上訴至美國(guó)最高法院貌矿,均告失敗。1972年罪佳,服刑僅七年逛漫,Lucille Miller獲得假釋,即便如此赘艳,其律師據(jù)說還在努力酌毡,試圖還其清白。他說蕾管,"A trial always comes down to a matter of sympathy. I couldn't create sympathy for her."
1966年枷踏,加州女作家Joan Didion就此案寫了一篇特寫,名叫“Some Dreamers of the Golden Dream”掰曾,欲從家庭旭蠕、幼年教育、成年及婚姻生活等諸多方面解構(gòu)Lucille Miller旷坦,探究其燒死親夫的動(dòng)機(jī)下梢。
文章提到,Lucille Miller的父母都是中學(xué)教師番电,也都是“基督復(fù)臨安息日會(huì)”(Seventh-day Adventist)信徒岗屏;全家人恪守清規(guī)戒律,不吃肉漱办,不化妝这刷,不戴珠寶,連結(jié)婚戒指也不戴娩井。Lucille Miller是家中唯一的孩子暇屋,相貌平平,但性格很好洞辣,討人喜歡咐刨。認(rèn)識(shí)她的人昙衅,包括他的父母本以為她會(huì)有一番作為,未曾想上大學(xué)后她很快和校友 Gordon Miller相識(shí)并結(jié)婚定鸟。Gordon Miller的理想是做飛行員而涉,但為家庭所阻,遂追隨祖業(yè)联予,在接受了必要的培訓(xùn)后做了牙醫(yī)啼县。他有抑郁癥狀,有過自殺的企圖沸久,需不時(shí)服用鎮(zhèn)靜劑季眷。
按作者的描述,二人的婚后生活和大多數(shù)人一樣卷胯,平庸子刮,苦惱,人生追求不外更好的社區(qū)诵竭、更大的房子话告,等等兼搏。有了三個(gè)孩子后卵慰,生活壓力導(dǎo)致兩人矛盾加劇,都有離婚的打算佛呻,但正式提出離婚的是Lucille Miller裳朋。可不久兩人又似重歸于好吓著,他們一起去找婚姻顧問做心理咨詢鲤嫡,還準(zhǔn)備迎接老四的來(lái)臨;案發(fā)時(shí)Lucille Miller懷孕三個(gè)半月绑莺,這曾讓檢方在挑選陪審員時(shí)頗費(fèi)周折暖眼。
文中還提到有錄音顯示Lucille Miller和Arthwell Hayton有婚外情,案發(fā)后第一時(shí)間兩人有過交流纺裁。這位律師也有三個(gè)孩子诫肠,兩家孩子還是朋友。隨著案情公開欺缘,律師否認(rèn)有與Lucille Miller組建家庭的計(jì)劃栋豫,并在其服刑后與孩子的家庭教師結(jié)婚。
Joan Didion這篇特寫文采飛揚(yáng)谚殊、靈機(jī)四動(dòng)——“[Which] creates a mirror where the tight world of words reflects an unraveled reality.”丧鸯。從文章的謀篇布局不難看出,作者本來(lái)想用它盛放更多的內(nèi)容嫩絮,但不知為什么寫到后來(lái)突然有點(diǎn)weary丛肢,一如她提到案件后期社會(huì)的反應(yīng):"Everybody's weary now, weary and resigned, everyone except Sandy Slagle, whose bitterness is still raw." Sandy Slagle是當(dāng)?shù)匾凰鶎W(xué)校的學(xué)生围肥,做過Lucille Miller家里的臨時(shí)保姆,她生活貧苦摔踱,案犯當(dāng)年曾幫過她虐先。
反正,像古龍有的書一樣派敷,這篇文章的收尾過于陡峭蛹批,好像作者的生活中涌現(xiàn)了新的寫作素材,對(duì)老故事推敲失去耐心似的篮愉「郑“For time past is not believed to have any bearing upon time present or future, out in the golden land where every day the world is born anew.” 這方面,Joan Didion的處理方法與另一位著名作家卡波特不同试躏,沒有為了寫文章與當(dāng)事人“近身肉搏猪勇、死纏爛打”。
同樣在1966年颠蕴,Truman Capote出版了成名作《In Cold Blood》泣刹,這是一本半紀(jì)實(shí)的罪案小說,在罪案作品出版史上目前的銷量排第二位犀被。為了寫這本書椅您,卡波特和發(fā)小哈珀·李(《殺死一只知更鳥》的作者)走訪了案發(fā)地居民,采訪了有關(guān)調(diào)查人員寡键,閱讀了數(shù)千頁(yè)的資料掀泳,先后花了六年時(shí)間∥餍卡波特因此發(fā)跡员舵,一躍成為社會(huì)的寵兒,直到“世紀(jì)黑白舞會(huì)”后為主流社會(huì)拋棄藕畔,死于孤寂马僻。當(dāng)然,有批評(píng)家認(rèn)為書中若干重大事實(shí)上與實(shí)際情形有出入注服,是為其未獲普利策獎(jiǎng)的原因韭邓。
Joan Didion沒有見過Lucille Miller,她只是從新聞報(bào)道里發(fā)掘發(fā)作素材祠汇,沒有采訪任何當(dāng)事人的計(jì)劃仍秤。她的描述從案發(fā)日開始,到Lucille Miller開始服刑結(jié)束可很。
案發(fā)時(shí)诗力,Lucille Miller有三個(gè)孩子,女兒Debra,14歲苇本,兒子Guy和Ronnie分別是11歲和9歲袜茧。1991年,Debra給Joan Didion寫了一封信瓣窄,開頭是:“It helped to make you famous but it’s my life.” 1996年笛厦,Debra參加了Joan Didion新書簽售會(huì),請(qǐng)她題詞俺夕,Didion寫道:"To Debra, who knows more than anyone that I understand the ambiguity of the written word."
2006年2月裳凸,家庭悲劇發(fā)生40年后,Debra在“洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)”上發(fā)表了一篇文章劝贸,回顧了她記憶中的父母和當(dāng)年的案件姨谷,這似他們家人唯一一次正式回應(yīng)此案。關(guān)于母親映九,Debra的回憶很糟糕梦湘,她寫道(西區(qū)簡(jiǎn)譯,原文見附錄1):小時(shí)候我怕一切東西件甥,包括我的父母捌议。我的媽媽不止一次扇我耳光,有時(shí)會(huì)很重引有,我的牙齒會(huì)因此割破嘴唇瓣颅。她還會(huì)用皮帶抽我屁股,打得那里青一塊紫一塊轿曙,腿上也布滿傷痕弄捕。但我還是擔(dān)心成為沒有爹媽的孩子僻孝。他們一起過得不快樂导帝,也很少因?yàn)槲覀兊拇嬖诟械礁吲d。我懼怕新東西穿铆,抗拒變化您单。
關(guān)于父親,她的回憶是(西區(qū)簡(jiǎn)譯荞雏,原文見附錄2):我的父親總威脅我們要離家出走虐秦,說這話的時(shí)候手里捏著半導(dǎo)體收音機(jī)和短褲,難道出走是帶這些東西嗎凤优?有時(shí)他會(huì)一言不發(fā)踉踉蹌蹌往外走悦陋。每次我都擔(dān)心他不回來(lái)了。爸爸晚上不在筑辨、我害怕的時(shí)候俺驶,媽媽會(huì)讓我和她作伴,躺在大床上爸爸躺的地方棍辕。她會(huì)拍著我的額頭安慰我暮现,說还绘,你爸爸是對(duì)我有意見,他會(huì)回來(lái)的栖袋,你等著拍顷,早上他就出現(xiàn)了。
關(guān)于父親之死塘幅,Debra說(西區(qū)簡(jiǎn)譯昔案,原文見附錄3):我爸爸總說不想活了,可他愛我們电媳,就想(因交通意外)死在車?yán)锇担@樣我們可以獲得保險(xiǎn)公司的賠償。至于這一切發(fā)生的細(xì)節(jié)我從來(lái)就沒搞清楚過匆背。
Lucille Miller在獄中做速記員呼伸,表現(xiàn)很好,七年間只出去過二次钝尸,一次是生孩子括享,一次是請(qǐng)小叔子看牙。她申請(qǐng)假釋一次就通過了珍促。離開監(jiān)獄的當(dāng)天有一段報(bào)道是這樣的:
On the day of her release, Lucille Miller wore rose-colored sunglasses, a navy blue skirt, and a print jacket. She smiled as she answered reporters’ questions, and informed them that she planned to change her name. Her parole forbade her to return to the San Bernardino-Riverside area, and she refused to tell reporters where she intended to live. As she left, reporters asked her lawyer Robert Steinberg where she was going. He answered, “She’s going to fade into the sunset.”
獲得假釋后铃辖,按規(guī)定,Lucille Miller須離開案發(fā)地San Bernardino(這個(gè)地方只在案件庭審的那三個(gè)月里上過頭條)猪叙,去新的地方定居娇斩,故其行蹤鮮為外界所知。2013年7月《巴黎評(píng)論》(The Paris Review)一篇文章提到有人說她再婚了穴翩,還有人說她因?yàn)樵谏痰晖禆|西又被警察抓了犬第。
成年后,Debra和大弟Guy是老師芒帕,二弟Ron是牙醫(yī)歉嗓,三個(gè)人都沒孩子;小弟Kimi是媽媽服刑期間出生的背蟆,25歲死于肺癌鉴分,有二個(gè)孩子。Debra說带膀,直到母親于1986年11月去世志珍,她和弟弟們才得以解脫。
附注1:I have always been afraid of everything. I was afraid of my parents. More than once my mother slapped me so hard and so many times across the mouth that my teeth slit my lips. Beatings with belts hard enough to leave my bottom completely black and blue and my legs covered in welts were not uncommon. I was afraid of losing my parents. They weren't happy together and rarely seemed happy about their kids. I was afraid of everything new and anything different. We had moved too many times. In first grade alone I went to three schools in three cities in two states.
附注2:My father was always threatening to leave. I never knew why he wanted to go, blue transistor radio and jockey shorts clutched tightly in his hand, not a word to any of us as he stumbled in and out of the house. Each time, I thought he was never coming back. I didn't understand that someone intent on moving out would need more than a radio and a change of underwear. My mother would let me sleep on his side of the bed during those terrifying nights. She would sit beside me, petting my forehead, promising, "He's mad at me. He'll come back. You watch, in the morning he'll be here."
附注3:This is how I learned that my daddy wanted to take his own life but loved us so much that he wanted to do it in his car, so it would look like an accident and we would get the insurance. The details of how this was going to work were never made clear to me.