1.多層選擇語(yǔ)句:
select name from (select name,tel_no from (select *from students) ) ;
2.聯(lián)表查詢(xún)吉嚣,使用as省略部分代碼:
select cls.major as cmj, students.name from classes as cos, students where cls.id = 2 and cos.year >2008;
3.group ?by: 將得到的結(jié)果集按照一定的規(guī)則劃分為多個(gè)組。
select count(*) ,cls_id from students group by cls_id having cls_id>2;
將cls_id ?大于2 的進(jìn)行分組
4.order by 升序asc ? 降序 desc
select * from students order by cos_id desc ,name asc;
5. 分頁(yè)加載數(shù)據(jù):
select * from students limit 1 offset 2;--》select * from students limit 2,1;
從索引為3 的記錄開(kāi)始索引,并且只返回其中1條數(shù)據(jù)?
6.去重 distinct
select distinct * from students ; ??
7.多表查詢(xún)
select * from students ,classes where students.cls_id = classes.id;
==>內(nèi)鏈接 ? select * from ?inner join classes on students.cls_id = classes.id;
兩者的功能一致,只是內(nèi)鏈接添加了inner join 關(guān)鍵字乾忱, 并且用on 取代where.
==>左外鏈接 ?select * from left outer join ?classes on students.cls_id = classes.id;
內(nèi)鏈接:只有符合條件的一條數(shù)據(jù)才顯示娱挨,否則不顯示
左外鏈接:以左表students為基準(zhǔn)诽凌,右表classes 中數(shù)據(jù)為空時(shí)顯示空值并填充洋侨。
(Android只支持這兩種舍扰,右外鏈接:以右側(cè)表為基準(zhǔn)。全外鏈接:有任何一方存在不匹配數(shù)據(jù)則用空值填充希坚。但是對(duì)于SQLite來(lái)說(shuō)边苹,它只支持內(nèi)鏈接和左外鏈接)
8.update ?更新語(yǔ)句
update ?students ?set ?tel_no =4232, cls_id =3 ?where ?name= 'jake' ;?
9.delete 刪除語(yǔ)句
delete from students where cls_id = 2;
10.修改表 alter
alter table tableName {rename to newName | add column 新的字段}
重命名表結(jié)構(gòu):(1) alter table students rename to stu_newtable;
添加表字段: ?(2) ? alter table students add column age integer default 0;
修改表字段:(3) alter table students change oldcolumn ?newcolumn typecolumn?
刪除表字段:麻煩,所以盡量增加的時(shí)候注意裁僧。
CREATE TABLE ?'stu_temp' ? ?(
'id' integer PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
'name' varchar(20) CHECK (length (name) >3),
'tel_no' varchar (11) NOT NULL,
'cls_id' integer NOT NULL
);
insert into stu_temp select id ,name ,tel_no,cls_id from students;
drop table students;
alter table stu_temp rename to students;
(1)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)stu_temp新表个束、
(2)將students中的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入到stu_temp 中,
(3)刪除 students 表聊疲,
(4)將stu_temp命名為students