AAC & AC3 & E-AC-3都是音頻的編碼方式稻扬。
AAC
AAC(Advanced Audio Coding)惧磺,中文名:高級音頻編碼,出現(xiàn)于1997年堕油,基于MPEG-2的音頻編碼技術(shù)孕似。由Fraunhofer IIS垦细、杜比實驗室瞪慧、AT&T娇斩、Sony等公司共同開發(fā)夹囚,目的是取代MP3格式纵刘。
隨著時間的推移,MP3越來越不能滿足需要了荸哟,比如壓縮率落后于Ogg彰导、WMA、VQF等格式敲茄,音質(zhì)也不夠理想(尤其是低碼率下)位谋,僅有兩個聲道……于是諾基亞蘋果等公司展開合作,共同開發(fā)出了被譽為“21世紀的數(shù)據(jù)壓縮方式”的Advanced Audio Coding(簡稱AAC)音頻格式堰燎,以取代MP3的位置掏父。其實AAC的算法在1997年就完成了,當(dāng)時被稱為MPEG-2 AAC秆剪,因為還是把它作為MPEG-2(MP2)標(biāo)準的延伸赊淑。但是隨著MPEG-4(MP4)音頻標(biāo)準在2000年成型爵政,AAC(M4A)。
AC3
AC3(全稱Audio Coding3音頻編碼3)是杜比數(shù)碼的同義詞陶缺,杜比數(shù)碼是一種高級音頻壓縮技術(shù)钾挟,它最多可以對6個比特率最高為448kbps的單獨聲道進行編碼。
1994年饱岸,日本先鋒公司宣布與美國杜比實驗室合作研制成功一種嶄新的環(huán)繞聲制式掺出,并命名為“杜比AC-3”(Dolby Surround Audio Coding-3)。
1997年初苫费,杜比實驗室正式將“杜比AC-3環(huán)繞聲”改為“杜比數(shù)碼環(huán)繞聲”(Dolby Surround Digital)汤锨,我們常稱為Dolby Digital。
AC3比特流由一系列的synchronization frame組成百框,每個synchronization frame包含6個audio block闲礼。每個frame的基本結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1:
AC3比特流
syncframe()
{
sync_info();//同步信息頭為0x0B77
bsi();
for(blk=0;blk<6;blk++)
{
audblk();
}
auxdata();//可選
errorcheck();//可選
}/*end of syncframe*/
可見其同步頭為0x0B77
E-AC-3
針對高清電視HD DVDRip的一種音軌 .
就是Dolby Digital 2.0(杜比2.0).
DD+、E-AC-3 铐维、EC3三個說的是同一種格式柬泽,由于E-AC-3的音頻文件后綴為.ec3,所以也有人成為EC3格式嫁蛇。
EAC3锨并,全稱Enhanced AC-3 bit streams,與AC3類似棠众,但不能后向兼容琳疏。AC3的decoder不能解EAC3的bitstream,EAC3的decoder即能解AC3闸拿,也能解EAC3空盼。
E-AC-3 (Dolby Digital Plus) is an enhanced coding system based on the AC-3 codec.
It offers increased bitrates (up to 6.144 Mbit/s), support for more audio channels (up to 13.1), and improved coding techniques (only at low data rates) to reduce compression artifacts, enabling lower data rates than those supported by AC-3
(e.g. 5.1-channel audio at 256 kbit/s).
It is not backward compatible with existing AC-3 hardware, though E-AC-3 codecs generally are capable of transcoding to AC-3 for equipment connected via S/PDIF. E-AC-3 decoders can also decode AC-3 bitstreams.The fourth generation Apple TV supports E-AC-3.[21] The discontinued HD DVD system directly supported E-AC-3.
Blu-ray Disc offers E-AC-3 as an option to graft added channels onto an otherwise 5.1 AC-3 stream, as well as for delivery of secondary audio content (e.g. director's commentary) that is intended to be mixed with the primary
audio soundtrack in the Blu-ray Disc player.
References:
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5dededd20102xcaw.html
https://blog.csdn.net/charleslei/article/details/53101356
https://blog.csdn.net/charleslei/article/details/53100569