Secret

Kubernetes 提供了secret來處理敏感數(shù)據(jù),比如密碼笨奠、token和秘鑰或辖，相比于直接將敏感數(shù)據(jù)配置在Pod定義或者鏡像中,Secret提供了更加安全的機(jī)制(Base64加密),防止數(shù)據(jù)泄露.Sercret 的創(chuàng)建是獨(dú)立于Pod,以數(shù)據(jù)卷的形式掛載到Pod中,Secret的數(shù)據(jù)將以文件的形式保存,容器通過讀取文件可以獲取需要的數(shù)據(jù).
目前Secret的類型有有以下三種:
1窗骑、Opaque(default): 任意字符串
2、kubernetes.io/service-account-token: 作用于ServiceAccount
3软族、kubernetes.io/dockercfg: 作用于Docker registry，用戶下載docker鏡像認(rèn)證使用

Opaque Secret

Opaque 類型的數(shù)據(jù)是一個(gè)map類型,要求value是base64編碼格式:

# echo -n "admin" | base64
YWRtaW4=
# echo -n "1f2d1e2e67df" | base64
MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm

#cat secrets.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: mysecret
type: Opaque
data:
  password: MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm
  username: YWRtaW4=

#kubectl create -f secrets.yml -n default
secret/mysecret created

驗(yàn)證創(chuàng)建的Secrets

12345.png

secret 引用方式

1、Volume方式
2、環(huán)境變量方式

Secret掛載到Volume中

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  labels:
    name: db
  name: db
spec:
  volumes:
  - name: secrets
    secret:
      secretName: mysecret
  containers:
  - image: gcr.io/my_project_id/pg:v1
    name: db
    volumeMounts:
    - name: secrets
      mountPath: "/apps/conf/secrets"
      readOnly: true
    ports:
    - name: cp
      containerPort: 5432
      hostPort: 5432

Secret導(dǎo)出到環(huán)境變量中

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: wordpress-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 2
  strategy:
      type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: wordpress
        visualize: "true"
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: "wordpress"
        image: "wordpress"
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        env:
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysecret
              key: username
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysecret
              key: password

kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson

直接用kubectl命令來創(chuàng)建用于docker registry認(rèn)證的secret：

# kubectl create secret docker-registry myregistrykey --docker-server=DOCKER_REGISTRY_SERVER --docker-username=DOCKER_USER --docker-password=DOCKER_PASSWORD --docker-email=DOCKER_EMAIL
secret "myregistrykey" created.

也可以直接讀取~/.docker/config.json的內(nèi)容來創(chuàng)建

# cat ~/.docker/config.json | base64
# cat > myregistrykey.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: myregistrykey
data:
  .dockerconfigjson: UmVhbGx5IHJlYWxseSByZWVlZWVlZWVlZWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWFhYWxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGx5eXl5eXl5eXl5eXl5eXl5eXl5eSBsbGxsbGxsbGxsbGxsbG9vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb29vb25ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubm5ubmdnZ2dnZ2dnZ2dnZ2dnZ2dnZ2cgYXV0aCBrZXlzCg==
type: kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
EOF
$ kubectl create -f myregistrykey.yaml

在創(chuàng)建Pod的時(shí)候，通過imagePullSecrets來引用剛創(chuàng)建的myregistrykey:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: foo
spec:
  containers:
    - name: foo
      image: janedoe/awesomeapp:v1
  imagePullSecrets:
    - name: myregistrykey

Service Account

Service Account用來訪問Kubernetes API，由Kubernetes自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建蹄梢，并且會(huì)自動(dòng)掛載到Pod的/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount目錄中

$ kubectl run nginx --image nginx
deployment "nginx" created
$ kubectl get pods
NAME                     READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-3137573019-md1u2   1/1       Running   0          13s
$ kubectl exec nginx-3137573019-md1u2 ls /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
ca.crt
namespace
token