1. python中有一個第三方庫叫'requests'中提供了所有和http請求相關(guān)的函數(shù)

1.1 get請求

????get(url, params=None) - 發(fā)送請求獲取服務(wù)器返回的響應
????url - 請求地址, 字符串
????params - 請求參數(shù), 字典

方法一: (既適用于get也適用于post)

????url = 'https://www.apiopen.top/satinApi'
????params = {'type': 1, 'page': 2}
????response = requests.get(url, params)
????print(response)

方法二: 只能用于get請求

????url = 'https://www.apiopen.top/satinApi?type=1&page=1'
????response = requests.get(url)
????# print(response)

1.3 獲取請求結(jié)果

響應頭

{'Server': 'nginx', 'Date': 'Thu, 15 Aug 2019 03:39:09 GMT', 'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=utf-8', 'Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked', 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*', 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods': 'POST, GET, OPTIONS, DELETE', 'Access-Control-Max-Age': '3600', 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers': 'x-requested-with'}
print(response.headers)

響應體(數(shù)據(jù))

a. 獲取二進制對應的原數(shù)據(jù)(數(shù)據(jù)本身是圖片紫皇、壓縮文件窗轩、視頻等文件數(shù)據(jù))

????content = response.content
????print(type(content))

b. 獲取字符類型的數(shù)據(jù)

????text = response.text
????print(type(text))

c. 獲取json數(shù)據(jù)(json轉(zhuǎn)換成python對應的數(shù)據(jù))

????json = response.json()
????print(type(json))
????print(json)

import requests
# 方法一: (既適用于get也適用于post)
url = 'https://www.apiopen.top/satinApi'
params = {'type': 1, 'page': 2}
response = requests.get(url, params)
print(response)

# 方法二: 只能用于get請求
url = 'https://www.apiopen.top/satinApi?type=1&page=1'
response = requests.get(url)
# print(response)
print(response.headers)

# 2)響應體(數(shù)據(jù))
# a.獲取二進制對應的原數(shù)據(jù)(數(shù)據(jù)本身是圖片栏豺、壓縮文件湿蛔、視頻等文件數(shù)據(jù))
content = response.content
print(type(content))

# b.獲取字符類型的數(shù)據(jù)
text = response.text
print(type(text))

# c.獲取json數(shù)據(jù)(json轉(zhuǎn)換成python對應的數(shù)據(jù))
json = response.json()
print(type(json))
print(json)

2. 進程

????每個進程默認都有一條線程抵知，這個線程叫主線程刷喜。其他線程叫子線程
????threading模塊中Thread的對象就是線程對象，當程序中需要子線程就創(chuàng)建Thread類的對象

import threading
from datetime import datetime
from time import sleep

def download(film_name):
    # film_name = '魔童降世'
    print('開始下載%s:%s' % (film_name, datetime.now()))
    print(film_name, threading.current_thread())
    sleep(5)
    print('%s下載結(jié)束:%s' % (film_name, datetime.now()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # download('魔童降世')
    # download('掃毒2')
    # download('怦然心動')

    # 1.創(chuàng)建線程對象
    """
    Thread(target=None,args=())  - 創(chuàng)建并且返回一個子線程對象
    target  -  函數(shù)類型(function), 在線程啟動的時候這個函數(shù)會在子線程中執(zhí)行
    args - 元祖，元祖中的元素就是target對應的函數(shù)在子線程中調(diào)用的時候傳的實參
    """
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=download, args=('魔童降世',))
    t2 = threading.Thread(target=download, args=('掃毒2',))
    t3 = threading.Thread(target=download, args=('怦然心動',))
    print(threading.current_thread())
    # 2.啟動線程
    """
    線程對象.start()  - 讓線程去執(zhí)行線程中的任務(wù)
   
    target(*args)
    """
    t1.start()
    t2.start()
    t3.start()

3. 程序結(jié)束

????線程中的任務(wù)執(zhí)行完成線程就結(jié)束; 程序出現(xiàn)異常結(jié)束的是線程恼布，不是進程
????進程中的所有線程就結(jié)束進程才結(jié)束;

3.1 聲明一個類繼承Thread

3.2 實現(xiàn)類中的run方法折汞，這個方法中的代碼就是需要在子線程中執(zhí)行的代碼

3.3 需要子線程的時候就創(chuàng)建自己聲明的類的對象爽待，并且不需要任何參數(shù)

from threading import *
from datetime import datetime
from  time import sleep


class DownloadThread(Thread):
    def __init__(self, film_name):
        super().__init__()
        self.film_name = film_name

    def run(self) -> None:
        print('開始下載%s:%s' % (self.film_name, datetime.now()))
        print(current_thread())
        sleep(5)
        print('%s下載結(jié)束:%s' % (self.film_name, datetime.now()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    t1 = DownloadThread('魔童降世')
    t2 = DownloadThread('掃毒')

    t1.start()
    t2.start()
    print([1, 2, 3][10])

    print('==============')

4. join的用法

????線程對象.join() - 當前線程對象任務(wù)執(zhí)行完成后才能去執(zhí)行后面的代碼

from threading import *
from datetime import datetime
from time import *
from random import randint


def download(film_name):
    print('開始下載%s：%s' % (film_name, datetime.now()))
    sleep(randint(2, 7))
    print('%s下載結(jié)束:%s' % (film_name, datetime.now()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 1.join的用法
    """
    線程對象.join()   -  當前線程對象任務(wù)執(zhí)行完成后才能去執(zhí)行后面的代碼
    """
    t1 = Thread(target=download, args=('魔童降世',))
    t2 = Thread(target=download, args=('掃毒2',))
    t3 = Thread(target=download, args=('怦然心動',))

    # 情況一:三個電影都下載完成才執(zhí)行'下載完成!!!'
    # t1.start()
    # t2.start()
    # t3.start()
    #
    # t1.join()
    # t2.join()
    # t3.join()
    # print('下載完成!!!!')

    # 情況二: 電影1下載完成后才開始同時下載電影2和電影3
    t1.start()
    t1.join()
    t2.start()
    t3.start()