導(dǎo)讀：

微軟公司（Microsoft）作為美國科技公司中的佼佼者和“龍頭股”甚牲，一向以它極其優(yōu)厚的薪酬待遇聞名業(yè)界。最近微軟宣布鳖藕，將把原來只有全職員工才能享受的人性化的帶薪育兒假制度也帶給它在美國國內(nèi)服務(wù)承包商的員工只锭，真的可以說是“業(yè)界良心”了！今天就一起讀一下英國《衛(wèi)報(bào)》的相關(guān)新聞報(bào)道吧喉誊。

Microsoft has announced a policy requiring its contractors to offer employees a minimum of 12 weeks paid parental leave, paying them up to $1, 000 a week. This policy makes many employee happy.

In the last few years, Microsoft provides related support to its contractors. Microsoft has been under pressure to improve working conditions for contractors after some workers unionized in 2014 and started pushing for benefits like paid leave. In 2015, Microsoft announced it would require its suppliers to give their workers at least 15 days paid time off.

The company said that it wanted to give the same benefit offered by the legislation, which comes into effect in 2020, to contracted staff across the US. The company noted that the policy could increase its costs.

The policy will bring the parental leave benefits of affected contractors in line with those of full-time employees, who also get 12 weeks parental leave, while birth mothers get an additional eight weeks off.

“The case for paid parental leave is clear, ” said the company’s general counsel, Dev Stahlkopf, in a blogpost, citing various studies showing that it improves productivity, morale and retention of new mothers.

“Further, when men and women have the opportunity to take paid leave, it can help counteract gender caregiving stereotypes, neutralize stigmas and promote equity in the home and office, ” added Stahlkopf.

The United States is a country where paid leave is generally practiced, but it has relatively few paid days in the developed world, and there is no national law requiring employers to offer paid leave. A mature paid vacation system is an important indicator of a country's employee benefits. As a result, some semi-employees, short-term employees and hourly workers don't get paid time off. Due to the lack of uniform regulations, paid leave treatment of each institution is diverse and quite different. Thus, paid leave of government employees and paid leave of private enterprise employees are respectively introduced here. In the United States, government employees are divided into two categories: federal government and local government (state, county, city, etc.). The federal government has uniform regulations on paid leave, while local governments are independent. Federal employees get paid time off in two parts, one for official holidays and one for paid holidays. The 10 days of federal holidays in 2013 were New Year's Day, Martin Luther King's birthday, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas. As a result, federal employees get 10 days of paid holiday leave, the same for every federal employee.?

Many federal employees donate time off to people in need. The private sector as a whole is worse off than the government, with only 77% of private companies having paid leave in 2006, according to a new study titled 'no-vacation Nation' by the Center for Economic and Policy Research. In these businesses, full-time employees get an average of 21 days of paid vacation per year (eight days of holiday plus 13 days of holiday), and half-time employees get an average of 15 days per year (six days of holiday plus nine days of holiday).In terms of enterprise size, the number of paid vacation days for small enterprises (less than 100 employees) is lower than that for medium and large enterprises (more than 100 employees). The average paid vacation days for small enterprises is 19 days, while that for medium and large enterprises is 23 days. In terms of wage income, low-wage employees have fewer paid days off than high-wage employees. For example, the average number of paid days off for employees under $15 an hour is 17, while the average number of paid days off for employees over $15 an hour is 23.

有用表達(dá) useful expressions

has announced a policy 發(fā)布政策?

a minimum of 12 weeks? 不少于12周

paid parental leave 帶薪年假

under pressure 在壓力下

started pushing for benefits 開始爭取利益

full-time employees 全職雇員

caregiving stereotypes 看護(hù)

neutralize stigmas 抵消恥辱

promote equity 促進(jìn)平等

mature paid vacation system 成熟帶薪假期體系

are divided into 被分為

donate time off? 捐贈(zèng)時(shí)間

參考譯文：

微軟最近宣布，將要求其承包商為員工提供至少 12 周敷矫，每周最高 1000 美元的帶薪育兒假。

自從一些員工在 2014 年組建工會(huì)并開始爭取有薪假期等福利制度之后曹仗，微軟就已經(jīng)感受到了改善外包雇員工作條件的壓力。2015 年收壕，微軟曾宣布轨蛤，要求供應(yīng)商為其員工提供每年至少 15 天的帶薪假期。

受到這項(xiàng)政策影響的外包員工的育兒假福利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將與全職員工對齊祥山。全職員工有 12 周的育兒假，而新媽媽們更能享受額外 8 周的假期缝呕。

微軟首席法律顧問德夫·斯托爾考夫在一篇博文中表示，“推行帶薪育兒假制度的優(yōu)點(diǎn)十分明顯”照捡，并援引了一些研究來表明话侧，帶薪育兒假制度能夠提升新媽媽們的工作效率、工作狀態(tài)和留職比例瞻鹏。

斯托爾考夫還說：“除此之外，如果男性和女性員工都能享受帶薪育兒假的福利薪夕，這更能幫助我們消除關(guān)于子女撫育中性別角色的固有觀念和其帶來的羞恥感赫悄，并在家庭和工作場合中促進(jìn)性別平等」』矗”

美國的帶薪假期制度：

美國是一個(gè)普遍實(shí)行帶薪休假制度的國家，不過讲仰，在發(fā)達(dá)國家中痪蝇，美國的帶薪休假日相對比較少鄙陡，而且沒有全國性的法律規(guī)定雇主一定要給員工帶薪休假的福利。 成熟的帶薪休假制度是衡量一個(gè)國家員工福利待遇的重要指標(biāo)毒费。那么美國帶薪休假福利制度是怎樣的-美國是一個(gè)普遍實(shí)行帶薪休假制度的國家愈魏，不過，在發(fā)達(dá)國家中培漏，美國的帶薪休假日相對比較少，而且沒有全國性的法律規(guī)定雇主一定要給員工帶薪休假的福利畸悬。因此珊佣，一些半職雇員、短期雇員及小時(shí)工就享受不到帶薪休假的福利咒锻。由于沒有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)定，每個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的 帶薪休假待遇就五花八門蒿辙，有較大的區(qū)別;因此，這里分別介紹政府雇員的帶薪休假及私營企業(yè)雇員的帶薪休假思灌。 美國的政府雇員分為聯(lián)邦政府及地方政府(州恭取、縣、市等)兩大類蜈垮，聯(lián)邦政府對帶薪休假有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)定，地方政府則各自為政课兄，不過與聯(lián)邦政府的待遇差不多晨继，因此我們就介紹聯(lián)邦政府雇員的帶薪休假情況搬俊。 聯(lián)邦政府雇員的帶薪休假分為兩部分蜒茄，一是法定節(jié)日休假餐屎，一是有薪度假。2013年的聯(lián)邦法定節(jié)日(即國定節(jié)日)一共有10天腹缩，這10天是元旦、馬丁·路德·金生日藏鹊、華盛頓生日、陣亡將士紀(jì)念日楚殿、獨(dú)立日竿痰、勞工節(jié)、哥倫布日影涉、退伍軍人節(jié)、感恩節(jié)弟胀、圣誕節(jié)喊式。因此，聯(lián)邦雇員就有10天的帶薪節(jié)日假岔留，每個(gè)聯(lián)邦雇員都一樣。而帶薪度假的時(shí)間長短竖配，則根據(jù)工作年限來決定里逆。

不少聯(lián)邦雇員休不完假日，就會(huì)捐出休假給有需要的人原押。 ?私營企業(yè)的帶薪休假從總體上說不及政府，根據(jù)“經(jīng)濟(jì)和政策研究中心”(Center for Economic and Policy Research)以“沒有假期的國家”(No-Vacation Nation)為標(biāo)題發(fā)表的最新研究報(bào)告顯示盯漂，2006年只有77%的私營企業(yè)有帶薪休假制度。在這些企業(yè)中就缆，全職雇員每年平均有21天的帶薪休假(8天節(jié)日加13天度假)，半職雇員每年平均有15天(6天節(jié)日加9天度假)空郊。如果從企業(yè)規(guī)模來看的話渣淳，小企業(yè)(雇員人數(shù)不到100人)的帶薪休假天數(shù)低于中大型企業(yè)(雇員人數(shù)超過100人)伴箩，小企業(yè)的平均帶薪休假為19天，中大型企業(yè)為23天;從工資收入來看的話嗤谚，低工資雇員的帶薪休假天數(shù)少于高薪雇員巩步。比如旁赊，時(shí)薪每小時(shí)15美元以下雇員的帶薪休假平均為17天椅野，而時(shí)薪超過每小時(shí)15美元的雇員的帶薪休假平均為23天。