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Nginx配置

參考地址：http://tengine.taobao.org/nginx_docs/cn/docs/

涉及模塊：

• ngx_http_core_module
• ngx_http_limit_conn_module
• ngx_http_proxy_module
• ngx_http_ssl_module
• ngx_http_upstream_module
• ngx_http_rewrite_module
• ngx_http_referer_module
• ngx_http_headers_module
• ngx_http_log_module
• nginx_cookie_flag_module

1、控制單IP并發(fā)連接數(shù)

編輯配置文件nginx.conf酝润，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;
server
{
     listen   80;
     server_name www.baidu.com;
     index index.html index.htm index.jsp;
     root  /usr/local/www;
     #Zone limit;
     location / {
         limit_conn addr 3;
         limit_rate 20k;
     }
}

2、禁止目錄瀏覽

編輯配置文件nginx.conf，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

autoindex off;

3、限制目錄執(zhí)行權(quán)限(PHP)

編輯配置文件nginx.conf汞扎，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

location ~ /(attachments|upload)/.*\.(php|php5)?$ {
    deny all;
}

4冤今、錯(cuò)誤頁面重定向

編輯配置文件nginx.conf，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

    proxy_intercept_errors on;
    error_page  404  /404.html;
    location = /404.html {
        root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
    }

5犀暑、隱藏Nginx版本信息

編輯配置文件nginx.conf，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

server_tokens off;

6烁兰、限制HTTP請求方法

編輯配置文件nginx.conf耐亏，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD|POST)$ ) {
    return 404;
}

7、Nginx用戶降權(quán)

編輯配置文件nginx.conf沪斟，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

user nginx www;

8广辰、自定義Nginx緩存

編輯配置文件nginx.conf，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

proxy_buffer_size 4k; #設(shè)置代理服務(wù)器（nginx）保存用戶頭信息的緩沖區(qū)大小
proxy_buffers 4 32k; #proxy_buffers緩沖區(qū)主之，網(wǎng)頁平均在32k以下的設(shè)置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高負(fù)荷下緩沖大性竦酢（proxy_buffers*2）
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #設(shè)定緩存文件夾大小，大于這個(gè)值槽奕，將從upstream服務(wù)器傳

9几睛、過濾非法的UA

編輯配置文件nginx.conf，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

if ($http_user_agent ~* "java|python|perl|ruby|curl|bash|echo|uname|base64|decode|md5sum|select|concat|httprequest|httpclient|nmap|scan" ) {
    return 403;
}

10粤攒、過濾不支持的URL

編輯配置文件nginx.conf所森，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

location ~* \.(bak|save|sh|sql|mdb|svn|git|old)$ {
    rewrite ^/(.*)$  $host  permanent;
}

11、強(qiáng)制域名訪問

編輯配置文件nginx.conf夯接，在添加如下內(nèi)容：

if ( $host !~* 'taobao.com' ) {
    return 403;
}

12焕济、去掉無用的Nginx模塊

在編譯安裝時(shí)，執(zhí)行./configure方法時(shí)加上以下配置指令盔几，可以顯式的刪除不用的模塊：

./configure --without-http_dav_module --withouthttp_spdy_module

13晴弃、SSL配置

需要購買證書，否則瀏覽器將有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提示

• 開啟HTTPS服務(wù)

ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/certs/tecmintlovesnginx.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/certs/tecmintlovesnginx.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;

• 禁止SSL 打開TLS
  需要購買證書，否則瀏覽器將有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提示

ssl_protocols TLSv1.2;

• Cookie 設(shè)置 Secure
  在location中設(shè)置

# 只支持 proxy 模式下設(shè)置上鞠，SameSite 不需要可刪除际邻，如果想更安全可以把 SameSite 設(shè)置為 Strict
proxy_cookie_path / "/; httponly; secure; SameSite=Lax";

• 重定向到HTTPS
  需要購買證書，否則瀏覽器將有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提示

return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;

防火墻配置

強(qiáng)烈建議在網(wǎng)絡(luò)防火墻或WAF中統(tǒng)一配置規(guī)則

1旗国、開啟SELinux

2枯怖、拒絕 icmp協(xié)議

禁止ping

iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT  -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP

3、限制SSH連接IP

iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -s 10.14.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT  /*允許22端口數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)入*/

4能曾、關(guān)閉不需要的端口

默認(rèn)關(guān)閉所有input端口，只保留必要服務(wù)的端口

iptables -P INPUT DROP     /*丟棄所有進(jìn)入機(jī)器的數(shù)據(jù)包*/
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -s 10.14.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT  /*允許22端口數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)入*/

Nginx配置

1肿轨、下載最新版Tenginx寿冕、zlib

wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.3.2.tar.gz
wget http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz

2、添加用戶和用戶組

groupadd -g 666 www

useradd -u 801 -g 666 -Mn -s /sbin/nologin nginx

3椒袍、編譯并安裝zlib

tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.11

./configure
make && make install

4驼唱、編譯并安裝luajit

下載nginx專用版，否則有坑

yum -y install gcc
yum -y install gcc-c++

wget https://github.com/openresty/luajit2/archive/v2.1-20200102.tar.gz
tar -zxvf v2.1-20200102.tar.gz && cd luajit2-2.1-20200102
make && make install PREFIX=/usr/local/luajit
export LUAJIT_LIB=/usr/local/luajit/lib LUAJIT_INC=/usr/local/luajit/include/luajit-2.1

echo /usr/local/luajit/lib > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/usr_local_lib.conf
ldconfig

5驹暑、下載ngx_devel_kit和lua-nginx-module

wget https://github.com/loveshell/ngx_lua_waf/archive/master.zip

wget https://github.com/vision5/ngx_devel_kit/archive/v0.3.1.tar.gz
tar -xzvf v0.3.1.tar.gz

wget https://github.com/openresty/lua-nginx-module/archive/v0.10.14.tar.gz
tar -xzf v0.10.14.tar.gz

6玫恳、編譯Tenginx并安裝

tar -zxvf tengine-2.3.2.tar.gz
cd tengine-2.3.2

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --with-http_ssl_module --user=nginx --group=www --add-module=/usr/local/nginx/modules/ngx_devel_kit-0.3.1 --add-module=/usr/local/nginx/modules/lua-nginx-module-0.10.14
make && make install

5、修改配置文件

• /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  nginx www;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /data/www/nginx/logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
# error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#error_log  "pipe:rollback logs/error_log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=2G";

pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

events{
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 51200;
    multi_accept on;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    server_tokens off;

    server_names_hash_bucket_size 512;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    client_max_body_size 50m;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    # access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    # access_log  "pipe:rollback logs/access_log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=2G"  main;
    
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
    #防止跨站腳本 Cross-site scripting (XSS)
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    #add_header Content-Security-Policy: "default-src self";
    add_header Content-Security-Policy "script-src * 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'";
    #add_header Content-Security-Policy "content *";

    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  60;

    tcp_nodelay on;
    autoindex off;

    #fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    #fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    #fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    #fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    #fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    #fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    #fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
    #fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length  1k;
    # 設(shè)置壓縮所需要的緩沖區(qū)大小
    gzip_buffers     4 16k;
    # 設(shè)置gzip壓縮針對的HTTP協(xié)議版本
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
    # IE6以下瀏覽器不壓縮
    gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";


    error_page   403  /403.html;
    error_page   404  /404.html;
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    
     server {
        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
        server_name  b2cfl.ispacechina.com;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        client_max_body_size 20m;

        ssl_certificate "/etc/nginx/cert/htsl_jks.pem";
        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/nginx/cert/htsl_jks.key";
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
        #ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

        ssl_ciphers EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+CHACHA20-draft:EECDH+AES128:RSA+AES128:EECDH+AES256:RSA+AES256::!MD5;
        #ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2;

        #ssl_stapling on;
        #ssl_stapling_verify on; # Requires nginx => 1.3.7
        #ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        #ssl_ciphers "EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH";
        #ssl_ecdh_curve secp384r1; # Requires nginx >= 1.1.0
        #ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        #ssl_session_tickets off; # Requires nginx >= 1.5.9
        #ssl_dhparam /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/dhparam.pem;
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=80720000; preload";
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        #防止跨站腳本 Cross-site scripting (XSS)
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
        #add_header Content-Security-Policy: "default-src self";
        #add_header Content-Security-Policy "content *";
        add_header Content-Security-Policy "script-src * 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'";

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

#        location / {
#               proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:9001;
#               proxy_http_version 1.1;
#                       proxy_redirect off;
#               proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
#               proxy_set_header Connection keep-alive;
#               proxy_set_header Host $host;
#               proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
#               proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#               proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto  $scheme;
#       }
    } 
    include /data/www/nginx/conf/*.conf;
}

• /data/www/nginx/conf/icasc_cloud_server_8080.conf

• /data/www/nginx/conf/icasc_cloud_vue_80.conf

配置iptables

• 禁止ping

iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT  -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j DROP

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