摘自《新視野大學(xué)英語》第四冊(cè)
1 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either.
在我和室友羅伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次約會(huì)。那一年校園里每個(gè)人都有件皮夾克，而羅伯是校足球隊(duì)員中唯一一個(gè)沒有皮夾克的，他一想到這個(gè)就受不了纯蛾，于是他和我達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，用他的女友換取我的夾克罐氨。他可不那么聰明假残，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。
2 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition.
但她漂亮而且富有者春，也沒有把頭發(fā)染成奇怪的顏色或是化很濃的妝破衔。她擁有合適的家庭背景，足以勝任一名堅(jiān)忍而睿智的律師的女友钱烟。如果我能夠讓我所申請(qǐng)的頂尖律師事務(wù)所看到我身邊伴隨著一位光彩照人晰筛、談吐優(yōu)雅的另一半，我就很有可能在競(jìng)聘中以微弱優(yōu)勢(shì)獲勝拴袭。
3 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken".
“光彩照人”读第，她已經(jīng)是了。而我也能施予她足夠多的“智慧之珠”拥刻，讓她變得“談吐優(yōu)雅”怜瞒。
4 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked.
在一起外出度過了美好的一天之后，我驅(qū)車來到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡樹下。我的想法有些怪異吴汪。而這個(gè)地方能夠俯瞰燈火燦爛的城區(qū)惠窄，我覺得它會(huì)使人的心情變輕松。我們呆在車子里漾橙，我調(diào)低了音響并把腳從剎車上挪開杆融。“我們要談些什么霜运？”她問道脾歇。
5 "Logic."
“邏輯學(xué)√约瘢”
6 "Cool," she said over her gum.
“好酷啊藕各，”她一邊嚼著口香糖一邊說。
7 "The doctrine of logic,” I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter."
“邏輯學(xué)的原理案淋，”我說道座韵，“即清晰思考的主要原則。邏輯上出現(xiàn)的問題會(huì)歪曲事實(shí)踢京，其中有些還很普遍誉碴。我們先來看看一種叫做?絕對(duì)判斷?的邏輯謬誤“昃啵”
8 "Great,” she agreed.
“好啊黔帕，”她表示同意。
9 "Dicto Simpliciter means an unqualified generalization. For example: Exercise is good. Therefore, everybody should exercise."
“絕對(duì)判斷?是指在證據(jù)不足的情況下所作出的推斷蹈丸。比方說：運(yùn)動(dòng)是有益的成黄，所以每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該運(yùn)動(dòng)。
10 She nodded in agreement.
她點(diǎn)頭表示贊同逻杖。
11 I could see she was stumped. "Polly," I explained, "it's too simple a generalization. If you have, say, heart disease or extreme obesity, exercise is bad, not good. Therefore, you must say exercise is good for most people."
我看得出她沒弄明白奋岁。“波莉荸百，”我解釋說闻伶，“這個(gè)推斷太過簡(jiǎn)單化了。如果你有心臟病或者超級(jí)肥胖癥什么的够话，運(yùn)動(dòng)就變得有害而不是有益蓝翰。所以你應(yīng)該說，運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說是有益的女嘲⌒蠓荩”
12 "Next is Hasty Generalization. Self-explanatory, right? Listen carefully: You can't speak French. Rob can't speak French. Looks like nobody at this school can speak French."
“接下來是?草率結(jié)論?。這似乎不言自明欣尼，對(duì)吧爆雹？仔細(xì)聽好了：你不會(huì)說法語，羅伯也不會(huì)說法語，那么這所學(xué)校里好像是沒有人會(huì)說法語顶别」柔悖”
13 "Really?" said Polly, amazed. "Nobody?"
“是嗎？”波莉吃驚地說驯绎⊥昊郏“沒有人嗎？”
14 "This is also a fallacy," I said. "The generalization is reached too hastily. Too few instances support such a conclusion."
“這也是一種邏輯謬誤剩失，”我說屈尼，“這一結(jié)論太草率了，因?yàn)槟軌蛑С诌@一結(jié)論的例證太少了拴孤∑⑵纾”
15 She seemed to have a good time. I could safely say my plan was underway. I took her home and set a date for another conversation.
她似乎學(xué)得很開心，而我也可以放心地說我的計(jì)劃正在穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)中演熟。我把她送回家鞭执，并且定下了下一次約會(huì)交談的日子。
16 Seated under the oak the next evening I said, "Our first fallacy tonight is called Ad Misericordiam."
第二天晚上芒粹，坐在那棵橡樹下兄纺，我說：“今天晚上我們要談的第一個(gè)邏輯謬誤叫?文不對(duì)題?』幔”
17 She nodded with delight.
她高興地點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭估脆。
18 "Listen closely," I said. "A man applies for a job. When the boss asks him what his qualifications are, he says he has six children to feed."
“聽好了，”我說座云，“有個(gè)人去申請(qǐng)工作疙赠，當(dāng)老板問他有什么應(yīng)聘資格時(shí)，他說他有六個(gè)孩子要撫養(yǎng)朦拖∑匝簦”
19 "Oh, this is awful, awful," she whispered in a choked voice.
“哇，這太可怕了璧帝，太可怕了限佩，”她哽咽著輕聲說到。
20 "Yes, it?s awful," I agreed, "but it's no argument. The man never answered the boss's question. Instead he appealed to the boss's sympathy - Ad Misericordiam."
“對(duì)裸弦，是挺可怕的，”我表示贊同地說作喘，“但這不是理由理疙。這個(gè)人根本沒有回答老板的問題，而只是在博取老板的同情泞坦，這就是?文不對(duì)題?窖贤。”
21 She blinked, still trying hard to keep back her tears.
她眨著眼睛，仍在竭力地忍住眼淚赃梧。
22 "Next," I said carefully, "we will discuss False Analogy. An example, students should be allowed to look at their textbooks during exams, because surgeons have X-rays to guide them during surgery.
“接下來”滤蝠，我小心地說，“我們來討論?錯(cuò)誤類比?授嘀。舉個(gè)例子：學(xué)生考試時(shí)應(yīng)該允許看課本物咳，因?yàn)橥饪漆t(yī)生在做手術(shù)時(shí)可以看 X 光片√阒澹”
23 "I like that idea," she said.
“我喜歡這個(gè)主意览闰，”她說。
24 "Polly," I groaned, "don't derail the discussion. The inference is wrong. Doctors aren't taking a test to see how much they have learned, but students are. The situations are altogether different. You can't make an analogy between them."
“波莉巷折，”我抱怨道压鉴，“別打岔，這一推論是錯(cuò)誤的锻拘。醫(yī)生們不是在參加考試以檢查他們學(xué)到了多少油吭，而學(xué)生卻是。他們的情況完全不同署拟，你不能將他們作類比婉宰。”
25 "I still think it?s a good idea," said Polly.
“我仍然認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)好主意芯丧，”波莉說芍阎。
26 With five nights of diligent work, I actually made a logician out of Polly. She was an analytical thinker at last. The time had come for the conversion of our relationship from academic to romantic.
經(jīng)過五個(gè)夜晚的辛勤努力，我竟然真的將波莉打造成了一個(gè)邏輯行家缨恒，她總算能夠分析思考了∏聪蹋現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該是時(shí)候讓我們的關(guān)系從學(xué)術(shù)向浪漫發(fā)展了。
27 "Polly," I said when next we sat under our oak, "tonight we won't discuss fallacies."
“波莉骗露，”當(dāng)我們又一次坐在那棵橡樹下的時(shí)候我對(duì)她說岭佳，“今晚我們不討論邏輯謬誤了∠麸保”
28 "Oh?" she said, a little disappointed.
“哦珊随？”她回答說，有一點(diǎn)失望 柿隙。
29 Favoring her with a grin, I said, "We have now spent five evenings together. We get along pretty well. We make a pretty good couple."
我贊許地對(duì)她笑了笑叶洞，說：“我們?cè)谝黄鹨呀?jīng)度過了五個(gè)晚上，相互之間挺合得來禀崖，我們是蠻相配的一對(duì)衩辟。”
30 "Hasty Generalization," said Polly brightly. "Or as a normal person might say, that's a little premature, don't you think?"
“草率結(jié)論波附，”波莉伶俐地說艺晴，“或者是按一般人的說法昼钻，這個(gè)結(jié)論有些不成熟，你不這樣認(rèn)為嗎封寞？”
31 I laughed with amusement. She'd learned her lessons well, far surpassing my expectations. "Sweetheart," I said, patting her hand in a tolerant manner, "five dates is plenty. After all, you don't have to eat a whole cake to know it's good."
我被逗得笑了起來然评，她功課還真學(xué)得不錯(cuò)，大大超過了我的預(yù)期狈究⊥胩剩“親愛的，”我開口說谦炒，同時(shí)寬容地拍了拍她的手贯莺，“五次約會(huì)已經(jīng)夠多了，畢竟你不需要吃掉整個(gè)蛋糕才知道它是不是好吃宁改÷铺剑”
32 "False Analogy," said Polly promptly."Your premise is that dating is like eating. But you're not a cake. You're a boy."
“錯(cuò)誤類比，”波莉立即回應(yīng)还蹲〉模“你的前提是約會(huì)就如同吃東西∶蘸埃可你不是蛋糕潭兽，你是個(gè)男孩《范簦”
33 I laughed with somewhat less amusement, hiding my dread that she'd learned her lessons too well. A few more false steps would be my doom. I decided to change tactics and try flattery instead.
我又笑了笑山卦，不過不覺得那么有趣了，同時(shí)還不能表露出我害怕她學(xué)得太好了诵次。再錯(cuò)幾步我可就無法挽回了账蓉。我決定改變策略，轉(zhuǎn)而嘗試奉承她的辦法逾一。
34 "Polly, I love you. Please say you'll go out with me. I'm nothing without you."
“波莉铸本，我愛你。請(qǐng)答應(yīng)做我的女朋友遵堵，沒有你我什么也不是箱玷。”
35 "Ad Misericordiam," she said.
“文不對(duì)題陌宿，”她說锡足。
36 "You certainly can discern a fallacy when you see it," I said, my hopes starting to crumble. "But don't take them so literally. I mean this is all academic. You know the things you learn in school don't have anything to do with real life."
“你還真是能在遇到邏輯謬誤時(shí)一一辨別它們了，”我說壳坪，心里的希望已經(jīng)開始動(dòng)搖舱污。“不過不要對(duì)它們太死板弥虐，我是說這都是些學(xué)術(shù)的東西扩灯。你知道，學(xué)校里學(xué)的東西和實(shí)際生活根本沒有什么聯(lián)系霜瘪。"
37 "Dicto Simpliciter," she said. "Besides, you really should practice what you preach."
“絕對(duì)判斷珠插，”她說道，“而且颖对，你自己教的東西應(yīng)該自己身體力行捻撑。”
38 I leaped to my feet, my temper flaring up. "Will you or will you not go out with me?"
我一下跳了起來缤底，怒火中燒顾患，“你到底愿不愿意做我的女朋友？”
39 "No to your proposition," she replied.
“我不愿意个唧，”她答道江解。
40 "Why?" I demanded.
“為什么？”我追問道徙歼。
41 "I'm more interested in a different petitioner - Rob and I are back together.
“我對(duì)另一位求愛者更感興趣――羅伯和我重歸于好了犁河。”
42 With great effort, I said calmly, "How could you give me the axe over Rob? Look at me, an ingenious student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look at Rob, a muscular idiot, a guy who'll never know where his next meal is coming from. Can you give me one good reason why you should be with him?"
我極力地保持著平靜魄梯，說道：“你怎么會(huì)甩了我而選擇羅伯桨螺？看看我，一個(gè)聰明過人的學(xué)生酿秸，一個(gè)不同凡響的學(xué)者灭翔，一個(gè)前途無量的人。再看看羅伯辣苏，一個(gè)肌肉發(fā)達(dá)的蠢材肝箱，一個(gè)有了上頓沒下頓的家伙。你是否能給我一個(gè)充足的理由考润，為什么要選擇跟他狭园？”
43 "Wow, what a presumption! I'll put it in a way someone as brilliant as you can understand," retorted Polly, her voice dripping with sarcasm. "Full disclosure -I like Rob in leather. I told him to say yes to you so he could have your jacket!"
“喔，這是什么假設(shè)昂巍唱矛！為了讓像你這樣聰明的人能夠明白，我這么說吧井辜，”波莉反駁道绎谦，聲音里充滿了諷刺，“事情的真相是——我喜歡羅伯穿皮衣粥脚。是我讓他同意你們的協(xié)議的窃肠，這樣他就能擁有你的夾克！”
