Docker搭建MySQL主從復(fù)制
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主從服務(wù)器上分別安裝Docker
1.1 Docker 要求 CentOS 系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)核版本高于 3.10
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_641.2 確保 yum 包更新到最新泣侮。
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum update Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:001.3 安裝需要的軟件包刷袍， yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能霹粥，另外兩個是devicemapper驅(qū)動依賴的
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn Package yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch already installed and latest version Package device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-1.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 7:lvm2-2.02.185-2.el7_7.2.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do1.4 設(shè)置yum源
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo1.5 安裝docker
[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install docker-ce Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn Package 3:docker-ce-19.03.8-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do1.6 啟動docker并設(shè)置docker自動啟動
[root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl start docker [root@localhost ~]# sudo systemctl enable docker1.7 檢測docker是否安裝成功
[root@localhost ~]# docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community Version: 19.03.8 API version: 1.40 Go version: go1.12.17 Git commit: afacb8b Built: Wed Mar 11 01:27:04 2020 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 19.03.8 API version: 1.40 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.12.17 Git commit: afacb8b Built: Wed Mar 11 01:25:42 2020 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false containerd: Version: 1.2.13 GitCommit: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429 runc: Version: 1.0.0-rc10 GitCommit: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd docker-init: Version: 0.18.0 GitCommit: fec3683 -
docker更換國內(nèi)阿里倉庫荸恕，并下載安裝MySQL
2.1 docker更換國內(nèi)阿里倉庫
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' { "registry-mirrors": ["https://rdwyjupq.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } EOF sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl restart docker2.2 安裝MySQL
? 2.2.1 下載MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/mysql c499e6d256d6: Pull complete 22c4cdf4ea75: Pull complete 6ff5091a5a30: Pull complete 2fd3d1af9403: Pull complete 0d9d26127d1d: Pull complete 54a67d4e7579: Pull complete fe989230d866: Pull complete 3a808704d40c: Pull complete 826517d07519: Pull complete 69cd125db928: Pull complete b5c43b8c2879: Pull complete 1811572b5ea5: Pull complete Digest: sha256:b69d0b62d02ee1eba8c7aeb32eba1bb678b6cfa4ccfb211a5d7931c7755dc4a8 Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest docker.io/library/mysql:latest? 2.2.2 查看MySQL鏡像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql latest 9228ee8bac7a 4 days ago 547MB? 2.2.3 創(chuàng)建MySQL的掛載文件目錄（日志喝滞、數(shù)據(jù)、配置）
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /root/mysql/data /root/mysql/logs /root/mysql/conf? 2.2.4 先啟動容器（為了復(fù)制配置文件）（這種做法顯得多余，但是Docker不是很精通的我沒想到更好的辦法莱褒，請各位大神指導(dǎo)）
[root@localhost conf]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="123456" mysql 05d161e69f3b2e3e4ebaa50f822934599a31e7ade330e1440a68aec9e404f7ae? 2.2.5 復(fù)制配置文件
[root@localhost conf]# docker cp mysql:/etc/mysql/my.cnf /root/mysql/conf/? 2.2.6 停止并刪容器
[root@localhost conf]# docker stop mysql mysql [root@localhost conf]# docker rm mysql mysql? 2.2.7 重新啟動容器（加上掛載）
[root@localhost conf]# docker run --name mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 --mount type=bind,src=/root/mysql/conf/my.cnf,dst=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --mount ty pe=bind,src=/root/mysql/data,dst=/var/lib/mysql --mount type=bind,src=/root/mysql/logs,dst=/logs --restart=on-failure:3 -d mysql64824c7e84ceb3513b65a375c55f2c53bc653f95b119008296122b13ff632ba1? 2.2.8 進(jìn)入MySQL查詢現(xiàn)有字符集，結(jié)果都是utf8mb4
show variables like '%char%';? 2.2.9 在掛載的配置文件更改字符集
character-set-server=utf8 default-character-set=utf8 default-character-set=utf8? 2.2.10 重啟docker容器涎劈，并查看字符集已經(jīng)更改广凸，證明掛載的配置文件有效
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搭建主從復(fù)制數(shù)據(jù)庫
3.1 配置主Master庫
? 3.1.1 進(jìn)入主庫掛載配置文件my.cnf阅茶，加入以下配置并重啟docker容器
[mysqld] ## 同一局域網(wǎng)內(nèi)注意要唯一 server-id=100 ## 開啟二進(jìn)制日志功能，可以隨便攘潞！（關(guān)鍵） log-bin=mysql-bin? 3.1.2 在主Master庫執(zhí)行語句
CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%';? 為防止后面出現(xiàn)報錯[Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded]脸哀，執(zhí)行下面語句
ALTER USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; #修改加密規(guī)則 ALTER USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password'; #更新一下用戶的密碼 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; alter user 'slave'@'%' identified by '123456';最后執(zhí)行語句獲取File， Position
show master status;3.2 配置從Slave庫
? 3.2.1 進(jìn)入從庫掛載配置文件my.cnf扭吁，加入以下配置并重啟docker容器
[mysqld] ## 設(shè)置server_id,注意要唯一 server-id=101 ## 開啟二進(jìn)制日志功能撞蜂，以備Slave作為其它Slave的Master時使用 log-bin=mysql-slave-bin ## relay_log配置中繼日志 relay_log=edu-mysql-relay-bin? 3.2.2 鏈接主從庫，在從庫執(zhí)行語句
change master to master_host='192.168.47.128', master_user='slave', master_password='123456', master_port=3306, master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos= 5938, master_connect_retry=30;master_host ：Master的地址
master_port：Master的端口號智末，指的是容器的端口號
master_user：用于數(shù)據(jù)同步的用戶
master_password：用于同步的用戶的密碼
master_log_file：指定 Slave 從哪個日志文件開始復(fù)制數(shù)據(jù)谅摄，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值
master_log_pos：從哪個 Position 開始讀，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值
master_connect_retry：如果連接失敗系馆，重試的時間間隔送漠，單位是秒，默認(rèn)是60秒
? 3.2.3 查看主從同步狀態(tài)
show slave status ;
? 正常情況下由蘑，SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 都是No闽寡，因為我們還沒有開啟主從復(fù)制過程。
3.2.4 開啟主從復(fù)制
start slave;
重新查看主從同步狀態(tài)尼酿， 這時SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 都是Yes爷狈，如果你的SlaveIORunning 和 SlaveSQLRunning 其中一個是Connecting或者No，就證明配置有錯裳擎，查看Last_IO_Error報錯的詳細(xì)信息
通過下面命令涎永，刪除已經(jīng)配置的主從鏈接信息，重新進(jìn)行配置
stop slave;
reset master;
3.2.5 測試主從復(fù)制鹿响，最簡單的方式是在主庫建立個新庫羡微，這時，從庫會自動同步