#口語粉碎機(jī)# L1 Day51【打卡序列02】
地點(diǎn)/讓步狀語從句
1. 他們每到一處琐凭,都受到熱烈的歡迎。
翻譯:They received warm welcome anywhere they went.
答案:Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.
解析:我和答案的句式有調(diào)換。因?yàn)榉g的被wherever 的翻譯卡住了。
地點(diǎn)狀語從句【重點(diǎn)】
Where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句可以置于句末/句首,但是含義有區(qū)別。
當(dāng)where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句置于句末時(shí),一般表示地點(diǎn);
當(dāng)where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句位于句首時(shí),則具有對(duì)比渴频、條件或時(shí)間的意味。
一北启、Where狀語從句在句末:表示地點(diǎn)(或抽象地點(diǎn)) Where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句置于句末時(shí),修飾主句中的謂語,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)卜朗。
Hero worship is strongest where there is least regard for human freedom.
在人的自由最不受到尊重的地方,英雄崇拜最盛行。
這是英國(guó)哲學(xué)家暖庄、“社會(huì)達(dá)爾文主義之父”赫伯特·斯賓塞(Herbert Spencer)的一句名言聊替。在本句中,地點(diǎn)狀語從句“where there is least regard for human freedom”修飾謂語部分“is strongest”,表示“英雄崇拜最盛行”的地方是哪里。
二培廓、Where狀語從句在句首:含有對(duì)比(contrast)意味
當(dāng)Where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句置于句首時(shí),這個(gè)從句與主句在語義上可以形成對(duì)比的意味。
Where most people saw nothing but a hardened criminal, I saw a lonely and desperate man.
許多人只看見一個(gè)冷酷無情的罪犯,但我看到的卻是一個(gè)孤獨(dú)而絕望的男人春叫。
在這個(gè)例句中,where所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與后面的主句在內(nèi)容上形成了鮮明的對(duì)比,這便體現(xiàn)了where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句放在句首時(shí)的語義特點(diǎn)之一 ——對(duì)比意味肩钠。
三、Where狀語從句在句首:含有條件(condition) 意味
Where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句放在句首,也可以表達(dá)條件的意味暂殖。比如在奧巴馬就職演說中有這樣一段話:
The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works, whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end.
今天,我們的問題不在于政府的大小,而在于政府能否起作用价匠、能否幫助每個(gè)家庭找到薪水合適的工作、能否提供他們可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起的醫(yī)療保障并讓他們體面地退休呛每。哪個(gè)方案能給予肯定的答案,我們就推進(jìn)哪個(gè)方案踩窖。哪個(gè)方案給予的答案是否定的,我們就選擇終止。
在這一例句中,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),“the answer is yes”是“move forward (繼續(xù)推行方案)”的條件,而“the answer is no”是“program will end (終止方案)”的條件晨横。
另外,英語中有“Where there is …, there is …”這樣的句式,其中where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句同樣具有條件意味⊙笕現(xiàn)列出幾句,供讀者揣摩:
Where there is a will, there is a way.
(有志者,事竟成。)
Where there is life, there is hope.
(留得青山在,不怕沒柴燒手形。)
Where there is love, there is hope.
(有愛,就有希望啥供。)
Where there is great love, there are always miracles.
(哪里有真愛,哪里就有奇跡。)
四库糠、Where狀語從句在句首:含有時(shí)間(time)意味
奧巴馬在勝選演說中,使用了著名的“Yes we can”排比句,其中最后一句是這樣說的:
where we are met with cynicism, and doubt, and those who tell us that we can’t, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes we can.
當(dāng)我們遇到嘲諷和懷疑,當(dāng)有人說我們辦不到的時(shí)候,我們要以詮釋了美國(guó)精神的這個(gè)永恒的信條來回應(yīng)他們:不,我們能做到伙狐。
在本句中,地點(diǎn)狀語從句“where we are met with cynicism, and doubt, and those who tell us that we can’t”就含有時(shí)間的意味,表示“當(dāng)我們遇到嘲諷和懷疑,當(dāng)有人說我們辦不到的時(shí)候”。
2. 你喜歡哪兒我就帶你去哪兒瞬欧。
翻譯:I will bring you to any place where you like to go.
答案:I’ll take you anywhere you like.
解析:定語從句和地點(diǎn)狀語從句混在一起了贷屎,狀語從句沒有先行詞。
地點(diǎn)狀語從句&定語從句【重點(diǎn)】
一艘虎、句子結(jié)構(gòu)上的不同
若where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,where前面必然有表示地點(diǎn)(或抽象地點(diǎn))的名詞,即先行詞唉侄。
若where引導(dǎo)的是地點(diǎn)狀語從句,則它前面沒有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。
二顷帖、Where的作用不同
當(dāng)where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),where是指代地點(diǎn)名詞,在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,修飾的是從句的謂語美旧。
當(dāng)where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句時(shí),where在從句中不充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語渤滞。Where所引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句修飾的是主句的謂語,充當(dāng)?shù)氖侵骶渲^語的地點(diǎn)狀語成分。
三榴嗅、 Where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句時(shí),where不能改寫成“介詞+which”
我們知道,定語從句中的where可以改寫成“介詞+which”的形式妄呕。
Approximately 45 percent of the world’s population live in climate zone in which mosquitoes transmit malaria.
相比之下,地點(diǎn)狀語從句中的where是不能替換為“介詞+which”的。
【重點(diǎn)】
1.where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句與主句的謂語之間存在邏輯語義關(guān)系,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn);
2.where引導(dǎo)的定語從句則是與where前面的地點(diǎn)(或抽象地點(diǎn))名詞之間存在邏輯語義關(guān)系,用來限定名詞嗽测。
3. 他說他覺得現(xiàn)在這樣挺好绪励。/ 他說他對(duì)現(xiàn)在的處境很滿意。(地點(diǎn)狀語從句怎么破唠粥?)
翻譯:He said he felt good where his situation was.
答案:He said he was happy where he was.
4. 她今天落到這個(gè)地步都怪你疏魏。(7 個(gè)單詞就能徹底詮釋,思維題)【重點(diǎn)】
翻譯:It is your fault where she is.
答案:It is your fault that she is where she is.
解析:where 在地點(diǎn)狀語從句中晤愧,除了表示地點(diǎn)(地理概念大莫,物理概念)外,還可以表示處境官份。
5. 雖然跟他談了半天只厘,但他就是不能相信這是真的。
翻譯:Although I have talked with him for a long time, he still can't believe it true.
答案:Although I have been talking with him for a long time, he cannot
believe it true.
解析:時(shí)態(tài)舅巷,強(qiáng)調(diào)他不能相信羔味,是說話時(shí)的狀態(tài),需要加上進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)钠右。
6. 雖然沒有官方的支持赋元,但他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)奮斗。
翻譯:Although they don't have the support of government, they still keep fighting.
答案:Though they lack official support, they continue their struggle.
解析:答案更簡(jiǎn)潔
沒有官方的支持:lack official support
繼續(xù)奮斗:continue one's struggle.
Although &though 【重點(diǎn)】
一飒房、用作連詞表示“雖然”,兩者大致同義,可換用,只是 although 比 though 更為正式:Though [Although] it was raining,we went there.
二搁凸、用作副詞although 一般不用作副詞,而 though 可用作副詞,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意為“可是”、“不過”:
It’s hard work; I enjoy it though.
三情屹、用于習(xí)語在 as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,縱然)等固定短語中不能用 although:
She closed her eyes as though she were tired.
He is an honest man,I must say,even though I have opposed him.
四坪仇、用于倒裝
though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可用部分倒裝的形式(注意:倒裝后位于句首的名詞之前不用冠詞),但 although 一般不這樣用:
Poor though I am,I can afford it.
7. 我就是走也要走到那去。
翻譯:I will go there even if I have to walk.
答案:I'll get there, even if I have to walk.
解析:走到那去垃你,脫殼椅文,到那里。
8. 盡管你有時(shí)候可能挺煩人的惜颇,但我還是挺喜歡你皆刺。【重點(diǎn)】
翻譯:Although? you are annoying sometimes, I still like you.
答案:I like you, even though you can be annoying at times.
解析:四個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn):
① even though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句
② can 表示 不說話現(xiàn)狀無關(guān)的 “可能”
③ annoying –ing 形容詞表示 “令人….的”凌摄,其實(shí)反過來也是 分詞“主動(dòng)”
核心思維的體現(xiàn)
④ at times 有時(shí)羡蛾,偶爾 (實(shí)用高頻表達(dá)收割)
*even if 與 even though意思相當(dāng),但強(qiáng)調(diào)的側(cè)重有所不同.
even if一般引導(dǎo)把握不大或假設(shè)的事情
even though引出事實(shí)
Even if we achieve great success in our work,we should not be proud.
Even though he was late,he was not criticized by the teacher.
【重點(diǎn)】
though 常表示一些已經(jīng)確定的消息,
if“如果”,表示對(duì)假設(shè)信息的不確定.
9. 雖然很忙,那我也要參加會(huì)議锨亏。
翻譯:Although I am busy, I will attend the meeting.
答案:Even if I am busy, I will attend the meeting.
10. 就算明天下雨痴怨,我們也按原計(jì)劃動(dòng)身忙干。
翻譯:Even if it rains tomorrow, we will leave as we have planned.
答案:We’ll leave as arranged though it might rain tomorrow.
解析:按原計(jì)劃動(dòng)身:leave as arranged
就算明天下雨,表示如果下雨浪藻,一種較低的概率捐迫。
心得:? 第一次翻譯地點(diǎn)狀語從句的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己翻譯的是定語從句爱葵。然后認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)了定語從句和地點(diǎn)狀語從句的不同施戴。每一次的思考,都是寶貴的財(cái)富萌丈。