跨越停滯期
我想大家一定都有這樣的經(jīng)歷投蝉,當(dāng)你首先開始學(xué)習(xí)某些新東西時(shí)佃蚜,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己進(jìn)步神速,或者至少是穩(wěn)步前進(jìn),然后經(jīng)歷了進(jìn)步之后往果,往往會有一個(gè)停滯期潘飘,你自然會以為自己遇到了某種無情的限制。因此赘来,你停步不前,無法進(jìn)步,最后就讓自己停滯在那一水平荒叼。這是幾乎任何一個(gè)領(lǐng)域或行業(yè)中的人們不再進(jìn)步的主要原因昆婿。
其實(shí)這是在學(xué)習(xí)過程中很正常的問題痴突,這時(shí)候最好的辦法是以新的方式挑戰(zhàn)你的大腦或身體殉挽。投慈、
the best way to move beyond it is to challenge your brain or your body in a new way.
任何一項(xiàng)相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的技能,都涉及一系列的各個(gè)組成部分跋理,你可能更擅長其中的某些骡湖,不太擅長另一些,因此當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)你很難再提高時(shí)呐馆,可能只是那項(xiàng)技能中的一兩個(gè)組成部分在牽制你坟岔,而不是所有的組成部分都在妨礙你纪隙,你這時(shí)候可以嘗試去逼自己一下,但不要逼的太狠,稍稍超過正常范圍就可以媳握,這通常會讓你發(fā)現(xiàn)引起你停滯的點(diǎn)究竟在哪里。
所以當(dāng)遇到停滯問題時(shí),首先要換一種新的方法,然后要弄清楚到底什么阻礙了你的進(jìn)步?你犯的什么錯(cuò)?然后設(shè)計(jì)一種練習(xí)方法扣唱,專門來改進(jìn)那個(gè)特定的弱點(diǎn)。
保持動機(jī)
保持長時(shí)間的專注的練習(xí)是非常艱苦的檩帐,可為什么就有些人可以忍受這樣的艱苦呢?有人說他們心甘情愿幻梯,因?yàn)樽鲞@樣的事情會讓他們感到快樂,但是通過對那些卓越人士的調(diào)查芒珠,發(fā)現(xiàn)原來他們和我們普通人一樣存炮,他們也不喜歡這樣的學(xué)習(xí)或練習(xí)有额,他們也寧可做其他更有趣的事情,寫到這兒怕膛,不禁想起我兒子的一句“名言”----誰喜歡學(xué)習(xí)氨咂弧阱表?我覺得世界上沒有人喜歡學(xué)習(xí)最爬!-----當(dāng)時(shí)還狠狠的想,”我怎么培養(yǎng)出這么個(gè)兒子?“可是要說真心話啊,我捫心自問判帮,”是啊晌畅,我也不喜歡學(xué)習(xí)拍棕,誰不喜歡做輕松享受的事情呢滔韵?“
然后那些高手們盡管他們對這種學(xué)習(xí)也感到很厭倦,而且也受其他一些更好玩的活動的吸引掌实,但依然能夠保持投入奏属。
How do you keep going ?你怎么可以堅(jiān)持下去呢潮峦?這也許是每個(gè)投入到有目的訓(xùn)練或者刻意練習(xí)中的人最終要面對的最大問題囱皿。
How do you keep going? That is perhaps teh biggest question that anyone engaged in purposeful or deliberate practice will eventually face.
信誓旦旦的著手做某件事情并不難忱嘹,比如說健身嘱腥,群情激昂的要開始健身了,想到幾個(gè)月后健美的身材更加使自己意志無比堅(jiān)定拘悦,但是過了一段時(shí)間齿兔,你發(fā)現(xiàn)堅(jiān)持下去是如此的困難,你原本信誓旦旦想達(dá)到目標(biāo)的決心開始衰退础米。到最后分苇,你完全停了下來,不再重新開始了屁桑。我們把這種現(xiàn)象稱為“新年決心效應(yīng)”the New Year's resolution effct医寿。
這就是問題所在:刻意練習(xí)是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù),它難以堅(jiān)持下去蘑斧。但是那些杰出人物是怎么做到的靖秩?為什么他們可以日復(fù)一日须眷、月復(fù)一月、年復(fù)一年地刻苦練習(xí)下去沟突?
作者在這里提出了動機(jī)的概念花颗,我想說到動機(jī),人們自然會聯(lián)想到興趣愛好惠拭,如果你對某件事情有著濃烈的興趣愛好時(shí)扩劝,這樣的動機(jī)就相對比較容易保持,人們往往在干自己喜歡的事情的時(shí)候感覺不到辛苦职辅,所以對于小孩子的教育今野,我們一般都提倡首先要有興趣,但是刻意練習(xí)是長期的罐农,投入的,專注的艱苦訓(xùn)練催什,有時(shí)候僅憑興趣愛好支撐的動機(jī)也不足以抵擋日后的日復(fù)一日年復(fù)一年涵亏,這時(shí)候真的就要想辦法來刻意保持我們的動機(jī)了。
動機(jī)都有兩個(gè)部分組成蒲凶,繼續(xù)前行的理由和停下腳步的理由气筋,你不再做自己當(dāng)初想做的事情,是因?yàn)橥O履_步的理由最終戰(zhàn)勝了繼續(xù)前行的理由旋圆。因此宠默,你要保持動機(jī),要么強(qiáng)化繼續(xù)前行的理由灵巧,要么弱化停下腳步的理由搀矫。
強(qiáng)化繼續(xù)前行的理由,首先必須有一種強(qiáng)烈的渴望刻肄,比如我的大兒子從小很喜歡科學(xué)瓤球,長大后尤其化學(xué),
有次我問他“為什么是化學(xué)敏弃?有毒卦羡,危害性大,”
“我喜歡啊麦到,非常想了解更多”
“好多做化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)出事故的绿饵,如果你死了怎么辦?值嗎瓶颠?”
“那也沒啥拟赊,我覺得只要是我能為人類做出一個(gè)很大的貢獻(xiàn),死了也沒啥粹淋,值得要门÷采觯”
如果你的興趣愛好能和你做這件事情的長遠(yuǎn)意義完美統(tǒng)一,那這個(gè)動機(jī)就更加牢固了欢搜。兒子的未來職業(yè)他只考慮兩個(gè)方面1他的興趣2為人類做出貢獻(xiàn)封豪。雖說年少不知愁滋味,不過也是初生牛犢不怕虎炒瘟,孺子可教也吹埠。
當(dāng)然強(qiáng)化繼續(xù)前行的理由的方法具體到不同個(gè)人有很多,但是不外乎自己的個(gè)人以及社會的價(jià)值體現(xiàn)疮装。
弱化停下腳步的理由 如果這件事你不太喜歡或者堅(jiān)持不下去了 缘琅,那么就要看看這件事有沒有正面的長遠(yuǎn)的意義?如果我堅(jiān)持下去廓推,它會給我的生活帶來什么樣的改變刷袍?如果認(rèn)定這件事是好的,有意義的樊展,那么即使沒有做它的動機(jī)呻纹,也要試圖想辦法讓自己堅(jiān)持下去。比如讀書和健身专缠,也許是人這一生最不該辜負(fù)的兩件事情了吧雷酪。
那么想些辦法去弱化停下腳步的理由,比如1.設(shè)定一天某個(gè)時(shí)間段固定做這件事情涝婉,2.要找出那些可能干擾你練習(xí)的事情哥力,并想辦法將其影響控制在最小,如果你總被手機(jī)分神墩弯,那么在某個(gè)時(shí)間段吩跋,把它關(guān)機(jī),或者渔工,最好是把它關(guān)機(jī)之后钞澳,還放在另一個(gè)房間。
高效的刻意練習(xí)都是心力交瘁的過程涨缚,所以1要合理的身體修養(yǎng)2.練習(xí)時(shí)間短而有效轧粟,每次控制在一小時(shí)以內(nèi)。這點(diǎn)也是我給兒子學(xué)習(xí)控制的原則節(jié)奏脓魏,我從來不讓他熬夜兰吟,我要求他短時(shí)而高效的學(xué)習(xí)。
單詞部分
1.plateaus n.1.高原 A plateau is a large area of high and fairly flat land.
● A broad valley opened up leading to a high, flat plateau of cultivated land.
2.(活動或進(jìn)程中的)穩(wěn)定階段茂翔,停滯時(shí)期 If you say that an activity or process has reached a plateau, you mean that it has reached a stage?
where there is no further change or development.
● I think the economy is stuck on a kind of plateau of slow growth.
3.(活動混蔼、進(jìn)程、成本等)達(dá)到穩(wěn)定階段珊燎,進(jìn)入停滯時(shí)期 If something such as an activity, process, or cost plateaus or plateaus out, it reaches a stage where there is no further change or development.
he called me and complained that he'd reached a plateau.
There are only plateaus and you must not stay there, you must go beyond them
2.on end 1.in a vertical position 豎著惭嚣;直立著
It'll fit if you stand it on end.
2.for the stated length of time, without stopping 連續(xù)地遵湖;不斷地
...that people can practice hard day after day, week after week, for years on end.
He would disappear for weeks on end .
3.jump in? v.匆忙行動;不假思索地做 If you jump in, you act quickly, often without thinking much about what you are doing.
...pick up a new language, and so you jump right in.
Start slow, listen and understand space before you jump in.
4.living proof ??be living proof of sth/that…
to show by your actions or qualities that a particular fact is true (用行動或品格)證明…屬實(shí)
..every chess grandmaster is living proof that it can be done...
He is living proof that not all engineers are boring.
5.home in on 1. to direct your thoughts or attention towards sth 把(思想晚吞、注意力)集中于
By asking such a question, we can home in on the factors that might boost the motivation of our employees, children, students, and ourselves.
I began to feel I was really homing in on the answer.
2.to aim at sth and move straight towards it 朝向延旧,移向,導(dǎo)向(目標(biāo))
The missile homed in on the target.
6.likelihood? n.1可能性 The likelihood of something happening is how likely it is to happen.
In neither case can we make this determination ahead of time with any likelihood of being right.
There didn't seem much likelihood of it happening...
2.可能的事 If something is a likelihood, it is likely to happen.
hat, as we all know, is not only a possibility but a likelihood.
3.(PHRASE) 十之八九槽地;極有可能 If you say that something will happen in all likelihood, you mean that it will probably happen.
In all likelihood the meeting will be cancelled.
7.call into question? ? call sth into question to doubt sth or make others doubt sth 懷疑迁沫;引起懷疑
This situational dependence calls into question the claim that .....
His honesty has never been called into question.