這里介紹一下為什么會(huì)用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)也殖，主要做什么用
一兔沃、卸載Mariadb
從 CentOS 7 系統(tǒng)開(kāi)始滔韵，MariaDB 成為 yum 源中默認(rèn)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)安裝包际看。在 CentOS 7 及以上的系統(tǒng)中使用 yum 安裝 MySQL 包將無(wú)法使用 MySQL。您可以選擇使用完全兼容的 MariaDB盖高，或依照本文介紹配置來(lái)繼續(xù)使用 MySQL慎陵。
查看安裝了mariadb相關(guān)的模塊
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
然后進(jìn)行卸載
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
error: Failed dependencies:
libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
會(huì)提示有依賴(lài)于這的安裝包，那么就強(qiáng)制卸載喻奥，不查檢依賴(lài)：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
將所有的mariadb安裝包都刪除席纽，然后再次鍵入 rpm -qa | grep mariadb 查看是否卸載成功
二、卸載MySQL
為了防止重裝撞蚕，建議先卸載润梯，可以操作以下命令
查看yum是否安裝過(guò)mysql
yum list installed mysql*
查看mysql安裝了哪些東西
rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
開(kāi)始卸載，（這里只列兩條甥厦，應(yīng)該是卸載上面查詢(xún)出來(lái)的結(jié)果７拿！）
yum remove mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
yum remove mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64
查看是否卸載完成
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
[root@localhost ~]#
查找mysql相關(guān)目錄
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
刪除mysql相關(guān)目錄（后面的地址刀疙，替換成查詢(xún)返回的地址舶赔，有多條，順序執(zhí)行 rm -rf /*/*/*操作 ）
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
[root@localhost ~]#
刪除/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
刪除/var/log/mysqld.log（如果不刪除這個(gè)文件谦秧，會(huì)導(dǎo)致新安裝的mysql無(wú)法生存新密碼竟纳，導(dǎo)致無(wú)法登錄）
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /var/log/mysqld.log
三、安裝MySQL
大家都知道油够，centos自帶的repo是不會(huì)自動(dòng)更新每個(gè)軟件的最新版本蚁袭，所以無(wú)法通過(guò)yum方式安裝MySQL的高級(jí)版本征懈。所以石咬，即使我使勁用yum -y install mysql
mysql-server mysql-devel，也是沒(méi)有人會(huì)鳥(niǎo)我的卖哎。
所以鬼悠，正確的安裝mysql5姿勢(shì)是要先安裝帶有可用的mysql5系列社區(qū)版資源的rpm包
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rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm先安裝帶有可用mysql5系列社區(qū)版資源的rpm包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
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yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"查看當(dāng)前可用的mysql安裝資源
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 65
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 69
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 412
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yum -y install mysql-community-server使用yum的方式安裝MySQL删性，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，只要安裝mysql-server和mysql-client
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.41-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base 47 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+10 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 82 M
Installed size: 354 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/11): mysql-community-common-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:00
(2/11): mysql-community-libs-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00
(4/11): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00
(5/11): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00
(6/11): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00
(7/11): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00
(8/11): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00
(9/11): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00
(10/11): mysql-community-client-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:00:01
(11/11): mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:00:03
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 17 MB/s | 82 MB 00:00:04
Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed)
From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 1/11
Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 2/11
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 3/11
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 4/11
Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 5/11
Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 6/11
Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 7/11
Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 8/11
Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 9/11
Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 10/11
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 11/11
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 1/11
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 2/11
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 3/11
Verifying : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 4/11
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.41-2.el7.x86_64 5/11
Verifying : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 6/11
Verifying : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 7/11
Verifying : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 8/11
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/11
Verifying : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 10/11
Verifying : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 11/11
Installed:
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.41-2.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7
perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7
Complete!
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yum list installed mysql*查看是否安裝mysql焕窝，檢查是否安裝完成
root@localhost ~]# yum list installed mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
mysql-community-client.x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 @mysql56-communitymysql-community-common.x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 @mysql56-communitymysql-community-libs.x86_64 5.6.41-2.el7 @mysql56-communitymysql-community-release.noarch el7-5 installed
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systemctl enable mysqld加入開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
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systemctl start mysqld啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)進(jìn)程
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
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systemctl list-unit-files驗(yàn)證是否加入開(kāi)機(jī)啟動(dòng)列表中
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-unit-files
...
...
mysql.service enabled
mysqld.service enabled
...
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ps -ef | grep mysql查看mysql安裝路徑
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql 24362 1 0 11:33 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
mysql 24529 24362 0 11:33 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 24576 23955 0 11:50 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
查詢(xún)文件運(yùn)行所在地址蹬挺，直接用下面的命令
[root@localhost ~]# which mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
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mysql_secure_installation重置密碼
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation [設(shè)置root密碼]
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y [是否設(shè)置root密碼]
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y [刪除匿名用戶(hù)]
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n [禁止root遠(yuǎn)程登錄](méi)
... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y [刪除test數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)]
- Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
... Failed! Not critical, keep moving...
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y [刷新權(quán)限]
... Success!
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Cleaning up...
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mysql -V查看mysql安裝版本號(hào)
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.41, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
