OOP繼承 - 簡書

# 多繼承的例子
# 子類可以直接擁有父類的屬性和方法离唐，私有屬性和方法除外
class Fish():
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name
    def swim(self):
        print("i am swimming......")
        
class Bird():
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        
    def fly(self):
        print("I am flying.....")

class Person():
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        
    def work(self):
        print("Working........")
        
        

        
# 單繼承的例子      
class Student(Person):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
stu = Student("yueyue")
stu.work()
              
# 多繼承的例子  
class SuperMan(Person, Bird, Fish):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name


class SwimMan(Person, Fish):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        
s = SuperMan("yueyue")
s.fly()
s.swim()


# 菱形繼承問題
class A():
    pass
class B(A):
    pass
class C(A):
    pass

class D(B,C):
    pass

# 構(gòu)造函數(shù)例子

class Person():
    # 對Person類進行實例化的時候
    # 姓名要確定
    # 年齡得確定
    # 地址肯定有
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "NoNmae"
        self.age = 18
        self.address = "Studentwhonheim"
        print("In init func")

# 實例化一個人
p = Person()

# 構(gòu)造函數(shù)的調(diào)用順序 - 1
# 如果子類沒有寫構(gòu)造函數(shù)炊豪，則自動向上查找呢袱，知道找到位置
class A():
    def __init__(self):
        print("A")

class B(A):
    def __init__(self):
        print("B")
        
class C(B):
    pass

# 此時，首先查找C的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
# 如果沒有，則向上按照MRO順序查找父類的構(gòu)造函數(shù)，知道找到為止
c = C()


# # 構(gòu)造函數(shù)的調(diào)用順序 - 2
class A():
    def __init__(self):
        print("A")

class B(A):
    def __init__(self, name):
        print("B")
        print(name)
        
class C(B):
    pass

# 此時，首先查找C的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
# 如果沒有怨绣，則向上按照MRO順序查找父類的構(gòu)造函數(shù)角溃，知道找到為止
# 此時拷获，會出現(xiàn)參數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)不對應(yīng)錯誤
c = C()

# # 構(gòu)造函數(shù)的調(diào)用順序 - 3
class A():
    def __init__(self):
        print("A")

class B(A):
    def __init__(self, name):
        print("B")
        print(name)
        
class C(B):
    # c中想擴展B的構(gòu)造函數(shù)，
    # 即調(diào)用B的構(gòu)造函數(shù)后在添加一些功能
    # 由兩種方法實現(xiàn)
    
    '''
    # 第一種是通過父類名調(diào)用
    def __init__(self, name):
        # 首先調(diào)用父類構(gòu)造函數(shù)
        B.__init__(self, name)
        # 其次减细，再增加自己的功能
        print("這是C中附加的功能")
    '''  
        
    # 第二種匆瓜，使用super調(diào)用
    def __init__(self, name):
        # 首先調(diào)用父類構(gòu)造函數(shù)
        super(C, self).__init__(name)
        # 其次，再增加自己的功能
        print("這是C中附加的功能")
        

# 此時，首先查找C的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
# 如果沒有驮吱，則向上按照MRO順序查找父類的構(gòu)造函數(shù)茧妒，知道找到為止
# 此時，會出現(xiàn)參數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)不對應(yīng)錯誤
c = C("我是C")

# Mixin案例
class Person():
                name = "liuying"
                age = 18

                def eat(self):
                    print("EAT.......")
                    
                def drink(self):
                    print("DRINK......")
                    
                def sleep(self):
                    print("SLEEP.....")
                
class Teacher(Person):
                def work(self):
                    print("Work")

class Student(Person):
                def study(self):
                    print("Study")
                    

class Tutor(Teacher, Student):
                pass

t = Tutor()
             
print(Tutor.__mro__)
print(t.__dict__)
print(Tutor.__dict__)

print("*"*20)
class TeacherMixin():
                def work(self):
                    print("Work")

class StudentMixin():
                def study(self):
                    print("Study")
                    
class TutorM(Person, TeacherMixin, StudentMixin):
                pass

tt = TutorM()
print(TutorM.__mro__)
print(tt.__dict__)
print(TutorM.__dict__)


# issubclass
class A():
    pass

class B(A):
    pass

class C():
    pass

print( issubclass(B, A))
print( issubclass(C, A))
print( issubclass(B, object))

# isinstance
class A():
    pass

a = A()

print(isinstance(a, A))
print(isinstance(A, A))

# hasattr
class A():
    name = "NoName"
    
a = A()
print(hasattr(a, "name" ))
print(hasattr(a, "age" ))

# 屬性案例
# 創(chuàng)建Student類左冬，描述學(xué)生類
# 學(xué)生具有Student.name屬性
# 但name格式并不統(tǒng)一
# 可以用增加一個函數(shù)桐筏，然后自動調(diào)用的方式，但很蠢
class Student():
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        
        # 如果不想修改代碼
        self.setName(name)
        
    # 介紹下自己
    def intro(self):
        print("Hai, my name is {0}".format(self.name))
        
    def setName(self, name):
        self.name = name.upper()
        
s1 = Student("LIU Ying", 19.8)
s2 = Student("michi stangle", 24.0)

s1.intro()
s2.intro()

# peroperty案例
# 定義一個Person類拇砰，具有name梅忌，age屬性
# 對于任意輸入的姓名，我們希望都用大寫方式保存
# 年齡除破，我們希望內(nèi)部統(tǒng)一用整數(shù)保存
# x = property(fget, fset, fdel, doc)
class Person():
    '''
    這是一個人牧氮，一個高尚的人，一個脫離了低級趣味的人
    他還他媽的有屬性
    '''
    # 函數(shù)的名稱可以任意
    def fget(self):
        return self._name * 2
    
    def fset(self, name):
        # 所有輸入的姓名以大寫形式保存
        self._name = name.upper()
        
    def fdel(self):
        self._name = "NoName"
    
    name = property(fget, fset, fdel, "對name進行下下操作啦")