讀書的樂趣

The Delights of Books

Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual. They contain the history of our race , the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages; they picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature; help us in our difficulties, comfort us in sorrow and in suffering, change hours of weariness into moments of delight, store our minds with ideas, fill them with good and happy thoughts, and liftus out of and above ourselves.

There is an Oriental story of two men: one was a king, who every night dreamt he was a beggar; the other was a beggar, who every night dreamt he was aprince and lived in a palace. I am not sure that the king had very much the best of it. Imagination is sometimes more vivid than reality. But, however this may be, when we read we may not only be kings and live in palaces, but, what is far better, we may transport ourselves to the mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense.

Many of those who have had, as we say, all that this world can give, have yet told us they owed much of their purest happiness to books. Ascham , in The Schoolmaster , tells a touching story of his last visit to Lady Jane Grey . He found her sitting in an oriel window reading Plato's beautiful account of the death of Socrates . Her father and mother were hunting in the park, the hounds were in full cry and their voices came in through the open window. He expressed his surprise that she had not joined them. But, said she, I wist that all their pleasure in the park is but a shadow to the pleasure I find in Plato.

Macaulay had wealth and fame, rank and power, and yet hetells us in his biography that he owed the happiest hours of his life to books. In a charming letter to a little girl, he says: Thank you for your very pretty letter. I am always glad to make my little girl happy, and nothing pleases me so much as to see that she likes books, for when she is as old as I am, she will find that they are better than all the tarts and cakes, toys and plays, and sights in the world. If any one would make me the greatest king that ever lived, with palaces and gardens and fine dinners, and wines and coaches, and beautiful clothes, and hundreds of servants, on condition that I should not read books. I would not be a king. I would rather be a poor man in a garret with plenty of books than a king who did not love reading.

Books, indeed, endow us with a whole enchanted palace of thoughts. There is a wider prospect, says Jean Paul Richer , from Parnassus than from a throne. In one way they give us an even more vivid idea than the actual reality, just as reflections are often more beautiful than real nature. All mirrors, says George Macdonald . The commonest room is a room in a poem when I look in the glass.

Precious and priceless are the blessings which the books scatter around our daily paths.We walk, in imagination, with the sublime and enchanting regions.

Without stirring from our firesides we may roam to the most remote regions of the earth, or soar into realms where Spenser's shapes of unearthly beauty flock to meet us, where Milton's angels peal in our ears the choral hymns of Paradise. Science, art, literature, philosophy, --- all that man has thought, all that man has done, --- the experience that has been bought with the sufferings of a hundred generations, --- all are garnered up for us in the world of books.

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書籍之于人類，猶如記憶之于個人。書籍既可記錄人種之演變钓株，亦可記載人類之發(fā)現(xiàn);既有日積月累之知識却紧，亦不乏世代相傳之經(jīng)驗;書籍之于人類，可描繪自然之奇跡與美麗惨撇，于困難無助之際予以提攜伊脓，于悲傷痛苦之時施以撫慰;讓困倦之時刻變?yōu)闅g樂之時光，讓頭腦充滿豐富之想象魁衙，讓心靈布滿美好快樂之思想丽旅，恃此而人可走出自我，超越自我纺棺。

有一東方典故榄笙，言及二人：一為國王，一為乞丐祷蝌。國王夜必有惡魘茅撞，魘中成乞丐;乞丐晚必做美夢，夢中變王子巨朦，居宮殿米丘。國王是否泰然處之，余不敢肯定糊啡。想象之于現(xiàn)實或更栩栩然拄查。是否如此，姑且不論棚蓄，然讀書時，恁可想象自己即為國王梭依，居宮殿;且讀書乃美差之事：既可使人縱情山川稍算，嬉戲海灘，亦可使人遍訪世之美景;既可使人除身心疲憊之慮役拴，亦可使人解囊中羞澀之憂糊探。

其實，造物恩寵，應(yīng)有盡有者不少科平。然多有感于心褥紫，曰，其真正之快樂源自書籍瞪慧。阿斯克姆著有一書髓考，題曰《教師》。書中云及其最后拜訪簡 格雷小姐之故事汞贸，甚為感人绳军。書中描寫，格雷小姐坐于飄窗之前矢腻，覽讀柏拉圖所寫之精彩文章：《蘇格拉底之死》;然其父母狩獵公園门驾，人喧犬吠，敞窗之內(nèi)亦可聞見多柑。然阿斯克姆甚為驚奇奶是，狩獵之樂，格雷小姐竟無動于衷竣灌，無意與焉聂沙。格雷小姐曰，雖然初嘹，園中狩獵之樂及汉，較之于柏拉圖書中之樂，不過皮毛耳屯烦。

麥考利既有財富與名望坷随，亦有地位與權(quán)力，然其傳記曰驻龟，其一生最快樂之時光在于讀書温眉。麥考利嘗書信一封于一女童，曰： 來信收悉翁狐，內(nèi)容精彩类溢，深表感謝。悉知汝喜好讀書露懒，且能樂焉闯冷。余倍感欣慰，若到吾今日之年歲隐锭，汝定會曉解窃躲，較之于餡餅與蛋糕，較之于玩具與游戲钦睡，較之于世之名勝風景，讀書之樂遠勝焉。若有人請余當史上最偉大之國王荞怒、享宮殿花園之樂洒琢，品美味佳肴，駕華車著麗服褐桌，差數(shù)以百計之奴仆衰抑，惟無讀書之條件，余寧可棄做國王荧嵌，而做窮人呛踊，居斗室，享書無數(shù)啦撮，亦勿做厭書之國王谭网。

書籍確能予人以思想宮殿，魔力無比赃春。里希爾特曰愉择，帕納塞斯山較之于御座，視野廣而闊焉织中。較之于客觀現(xiàn)實锥涕，讀書所予于人者，更栩栩然狭吼，猶如投影之美层坠，常勝于自然。 凡事必有鏡像刁笙， 麥克唐納曰破花， 鏡中視屋，平常之屋則成詩中之屋采盒。

有書則有福旧乞，且其貴無價，無時不在磅氨，無處莫有尺栖。有書，則可馳騁想象烦租，暢游美景圣地延赌。

即或靜坐爐火之旁，亦可遨游地球之邊際;既可翱翔斯賓塞所繪之王國：仙女婀娜群相迎;亦可暢游彌爾頓所述之天堂：天使娓娓歌樂園叉橱〈煲裕科學、藝術(shù)窃祝、文學掐松、哲學 人之所思、人之所做 即或以世代痛苦換來之經(jīng)驗 凡此種種，書海之中大磺，應(yīng)有盡有抡句，享之不盡。