英語學習
Does Interruption Really Interrupt Progress?
No one likes disruption. We are hardwired to seek balance, order, and equilibrium.
No matter what it is that you are doing, be it reading a paragraph written in your second language, trying to solve a challenging math problem, or sleeping a sound, dreamless sleep,
being interrupted entails a forceful halt midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.
Popular belief has it that interruption fractures the flow of your thinking and reduces productivity, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
進展真的中斷了?
沒有人喜歡破壞罗标。我們天生就是要尋求平衡、秩序和平衡。
不管你在做什么赋铝,不管你在做什么孟抗,無論是讀一段用你的第二語言寫的段落震叮,試著去解決一道富有挑戰(zhàn)性的數(shù)學題疫诽,還是睡個安穩(wěn)舅世、無夢的睡眠笼恰,
被打斷意味著中途要用力停下來,然后必須重新進入你以前的狀態(tài)歇终,有時非常困難。
人們普遍認為逼龟,中斷會打斷你的思維流程评凝,降低工作效率,因此建議你在下次休息前進行一次不間斷的密集工作腺律。
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.
The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant.
She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing grip of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
Could it be that our brains treat unfinished tasks differently from finished ones?
Zeigarnik's curiosity was instantaneously aroused.
She later conducted an experiment in which people were given a series of tasks such as solving puzzles or threading beads.
然而奕短,俄羅斯心理學家布魯瑪·澤加尼克(Bluma Zeigarnik)可能會告訴你另一種說法。
當她在一家餐館吃飯時匀钧,她注意到了中斷和記憶之間的聯(lián)系翎碑。
她注意到服務員們對尚未付款的詳細訂單掌握得很好,但對已經(jīng)完成的訂單卻記憶猶新之斯。
是不是我們的大腦對待未完成的任務和完成的任務不同日杈?
澤加尼克的好奇心立刻被激起。
她后來做了一個實驗佑刷,讓人們做一系列的任務莉擒,比如解決謎題或穿珠子。
Some of them were interrupted halfway through it, and some of them were not.
By the end of it, those who underwent interruptions could better recall the details of those activities than those who didn't.
It made no significant difference as to whether the former eventually finished the tasks after the interruptions or not.
In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven't even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us.
有些人中途被打斷了瘫絮,有些人沒有涨冀。
到最后,那些被打斷的人比那些沒有被打斷的人能更好地回憶起那些活動的細節(jié)麦萤。
在中斷之后鹿鳖,前者是否最終完成了任務,這沒有顯著差異壮莹。
與那些已經(jīng)完成的任務和我們還沒有開始的任務相比翅帜,完成一半的項目在我們大腦為我們勾勒出的任務清單中被優(yōu)先考慮。
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we hanker after their closure to reclaim a sense of balance.
Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog and give the space to more upcoming tasks.
Zeigarnik's theory has lent itself well to various practical applications in advertisements, TV series, and even education.
In one example, multiple social media websites "impelled" their users into completing their profiles by use of a progress bar that remains half-empty until they have filled in all the necessary information.
一種可能的解釋是垛孔,對于中斷的任務藕甩,我們渴望在任務結(jié)束后重新獲得平衡感。
完成這些任務也意味著我們最終可以清理積壓的心理周荐,給更多即將到來的任務留出空間狭莱。
Zeigarnik的理論在廣告、電視連續(xù)劇甚至教育方面有著廣泛的應用概作。
在一個例子中腋妙,多個社交媒體網(wǎng)站“迫使”他們的用戶使用一個進度條來完成他們的個人資料,直到他們填寫完所有必要的信息為止讯榕,這個進度條仍然是半空的骤素。
No matter whether you are a procrastinator or a precrastinator, you will find Zeigarnik's theory enlightening, which tells us that interruption and steady progress make up a false dichotomy.
For procrastinators, you might find that even merely taking the first baby step in a task will help move it along.
For precrastinators who are always rushing ahead and liable to feelings of frustration and anxiety when things get stuck, taking a break and initiating an impromptu interruption might be the key to making progress.
無論你是一個拖拉者還是一個預謀者匙睹,你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)澤加尼克的理論很有啟發(fā)性,它告訴我們济竹,中斷和穩(wěn)定的進步是錯誤的二分法痕檬。
對于拖沓者,你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)送浊,即使只是邁出任務的第一步梦谜,也會幫助你完成任務。
對于那些總是急于求成袭景,在事情陷入困境時容易感到沮喪和焦慮的預謀者來說唁桩,休息一下,即興打斷耸棒,也許是取得進展的關(guān)鍵荒澡。
閱讀筆記
㈠生活是由無窮無盡的關(guān)系組成的。
你應該從中分辨出最重要的關(guān)系和相對次要的關(guān)系与殃,比如你和食物的關(guān)系单山,就比你和小學同學的關(guān)系更密切。
食物是你每天都要與其發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)的事物奈籽,它們要進入你的身體饥侵。小學同學,除了極個別的衣屏,都已成了回憶躏升。
六十多年前,美國作家海明威說過:“誰都不是一座孤島狼忱,自成一體膨疏。任何人的死亡都使我有所缺損,因為我與人類難解難分钻弄。所以佃却,千萬不要去打聽喪鐘為誰而鳴,喪鐘為你而鳴窘俺∷撬В”
人是一定要有一種連接感的,這就是我們的命運瘤泪。
每個人都與他人相連灶泵,斷裂的時候才感到空茫無助。不過对途,不要失望赦邻,還會有新的連接發(fā)生,這是自然法則实檀。
㈡車站就好比一臺機器惶洲,將我們呼啦啦地吞進去按声,通過鐵軌這條消化道,在另一處恬吕,再將我們呼啦啦吐出來签则。一吞一吐之間,我們的額頭便多了一條皺紋铐料,兩鬢便生出幾縷華發(fā)怀愧。
這并不是人們常說的“詩與遠方”。對于更多的人余赢,車站象征著背井離鄉(xiāng)。用日漸衰老的身軀之內(nèi)那一點點尚未枯竭的氣力去拼命掙錢哈垢,借此養(yǎng)家糊口妻柒,是他們窮盡這一生的追求與理想。
故土并不難離耘分,異鄉(xiāng)卻難以融入举塔。每年回鄉(xiāng),算是給流浪的肉體與靈魂找一處短暫的安頓之所求泰。但央渣,故土啊,早已不是原來的故土渴频。
于是芽丹,來回奔波,成了這一代代人的宿命卜朗。離別的眼淚拔第,并不能讓居廟堂之高者憂慮和傷感,而人們也沉醉于故土與異鄉(xiāng)間奔波的狂歡场钉。
沒有人知道蚊俺,這樣的狂歡還要持續(xù)多久。也許逛万,它不能像這些車輛一樣泳猬,總會有個終點。
㈢有一些人宇植,來到這個世界上得封,是為了跟這個世界說情話的。
哪怕当纱,這個世界是如此荒涼呛每、殘酷、瘋狂坡氯。
身在戰(zhàn)壕里晨横,TA也會擺一盆花洋腮,求得片刻慰藉;獨身漫游海上手形,TA會編造故事啥供,確保自己不會陷入瘋狂。
這些說情話的人库糠,多半都是年輕人伙狐,所以亦舒說:“戀愛,革命瞬欧,都必須非常年輕贷屎,非常非常年輕∷一ⅲ”不論戀愛唉侄,還是革命,都是跟這個世界講情話野建,是對這個世界的相信:我如此待你属划,必然能夠?qū)⒛愫硠印?/p>