Notes for Levelling the paying field
Day4：
單次作業(yè)
Vocabulary and phrases
固有名詞匯總
account-holders 賬戶持有人
retail?banking 零售銀行（consumer?banking個(gè)人銀行）
technology-driven 技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)型
Financial-technology 金融技術(shù)（fintech）
formal?complaints 正式投訴
online?payments 在線支付
customer-transaction 客戶交易
financial?services 金融服務(wù)：包括手機(jī)銀行（客戶可以用掌中設(shè)備登陸銀行賬戶赡突，支付各類(lèi)賬單）和各類(lèi)經(jīng)紀(jì)服務(wù)碍庵，通過(guò)掌中設(shè)備就可以瀏覽股指并完成交易
Payments?Services Directive 支付服務(wù)指令
one-click?bank transfers 一鍵式銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬
customers?budgeting advice 客戶預(yù)算建議
hot?data 熱點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)；熱數(shù)據(jù)
interest?rates 利率
working?capital 運(yùn)營(yíng)資金[資本]员帮；周轉(zhuǎn)資金
current?accounts 活期存款（賬單）
funding?cost 集資成本窍仰；融資成本
1.Level the paying field:
原型：level?playing field（公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境）paying譯為公平支付的環(huán)境饺藤，來(lái)自于文章fintech和traditional banks的博弈角力塔淤。
Incommerce, a level playing field is a concept about fairness, not that eachplayer has an equal chance to succeed, but that they all play by the same setof rules.?Ina game played on a playing field, such as rugby, one team would have an unfairadvantage if the field had a slope. Since some real-life playing fields do infact have slopes, it is customary for teams to swap ends of the playing fieldat half time.
Ametaphorical playing field is said to be level if no external interferenceaffects the ability of the players to compete fairly.
2.mortgage
①a legal arrangement by which you borrow money?from a bank or similar organization in order to buy a house, and pay back the?money over a period of years抵押貸款阱飘，按揭
·We decided to?use Fred’s redundancy money to pay off the mortgage (=?pay back all the money we borrowed for a mortgage ) .我們決定用弗雷德的遣散費(fèi)來(lái)償清抵押貸款。
②the amount of money you borrow in the form of amortgage?抵押貸款額
·If you earn ￡20,000 per year, then you may be?able to get a mortgage of ￡60,000.如果年收入是2萬(wàn)英鎊虱颗，就有可能貸到6萬(wàn)英鎊的抵押貸款沥匈。
3.predetermined?
decided?or arranged before something happens, so that it does not happen by chance預(yù)先決定[確定]的
·predetermined level/limit/amount etc
a?predetermined level of spending預(yù)先確定的開(kāi)支水平
4.overdrawn?
if?you are overdrawn or your bank account is overdrawn, you have spent more than?you had in your account and so you owe the bank money透支的
[+by]
·My account is overdrawn by ￡300.我的賬戶透支了300英鎊。
5.dire
①extremely serious or terrible極其嚴(yán)重的忘渔，極可怕的
·The country is in dire need of food aid.這個(gè)國(guó)家急需食品援助高帖。
·The situation looked dire.情況看來(lái)非常嚴(yán)重。
②bein dire straits ：to be in an extremely difficult or serious situation?處于岌岌可危的境地
·Everyone agrees the sport is in dire straits.人人都認(rèn)為這個(gè)體育項(xiàng)目已處于岌岌可危的境地畦粮。
③dire warning/prediction/forecast
awarning about something terrible that will happen in the future?可怕的警告/預(yù)測(cè)/預(yù)言
·Last night there were dire?warnings of civil war.昨晚傳來(lái)關(guān)于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的可怕警告散址。
6.unscathed
①not?injured or harmed by something沒(méi)有受傷的，未遭受傷害的
·The government was relatively unscathed by the?scandal.政府基本上沒(méi)有受到這樁丑聞的影響宣赔。
escape/emerge unscathed
·He escaped unscathed from the accident.他安然無(wú)恙地逃過(guò)了這場(chǎng)事故预麸。
7.mount
※文中為①，mount a challenge
①to plan, organize, and begin an event or a?course of action準(zhǔn)備儒将；安排吏祸；組織；開(kāi)展
mount a campaign/challenge/search etc
·Friends of the Earth are mounting a campaign to?monitor the illegal logging of trees.“地球之友”組織正在發(fā)起監(jiān)控非法伐木的運(yùn)動(dòng)钩蚊。
mount an assault/attack
·Guerrillas have mounted an attack on the?capital.游擊隊(duì)向首都發(fā)起了攻擊贡翘。
②[usually in progressive] to increase graduallyin amount or degree?漸漸增加蹈矮，逐漸增長(zhǎng)
·Tension here is mounting , as we await the final?result.我們等待著最終結(jié)果，這里的氣氛也越來(lái)越緊張鸣驱。
8.incumbent
①someone who has been elected to an official?position, especially in politics, and who is doing that job at the present time在職者泛鸟，現(xiàn)任者〔尤指政治職位〕
9.resilient
①able to become strong, happy, or successful?again after a difficult situation or event有復(fù)原力的；適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)的
·The company proved?remarkably resilient during the recession.公司在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間表現(xiàn)出驚人的耐挫力踊东。
②strong and not easily damaged by being pulled,?pressed etc堅(jiān)韌的北滥；有彈性的
·Any chemical treatment will leave hair less?resilient than before.任何化學(xué)劑的使用都會(huì)使頭發(fā)失去原有的彈性。
10.for security reasons?
出于安全考慮递胧；出于安全原因
11.cumbersome
①a process or system that is cumbersome is slow?and difficult〔過(guò)程或系統(tǒng)〕耗時(shí)的碑韵，累贅的
·Doctors are complaining that the system is?cumbersome and bureaucratic.醫(yī)生抱怨說(shuō)該體制復(fù)雜繁瑣，很官僚缎脾。
②heavy and difficult to move笨重的
·a large cumbersome machine大而笨重的機(jī)器
③words or phrases that are cumbersome are long orcomplicated?〔話語(yǔ)或措辭〕冗長(zhǎng)的祝闻，晦澀的
12.transform the landscape
改變格局；改變現(xiàn)狀
13.PSD2（payment?service directive2）
支付服務(wù)指令
14.kick-start
to do something to help a process or activity?start or develop more quickly啟動(dòng)遗菠；促進(jìn)
·He urged further interest rate cuts in a bid to?kick-start the economy.他極力主張進(jìn)一步降低利率以推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)联喘。
15.explicit
①expressed in a way that is very clear and direct清楚明確的；直截了當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
·explicit knowledge of grammar清楚易懂的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
[+ about]
·He made the rules without being explicit about them.他制定的規(guī)則并不明確辙纬。
②language or pictures that are explicit describe or show?sex or violence very clearly〔描繪性或暴力的語(yǔ)言或畫(huà)面〕清晰露骨的
·The film contains some very explicit love scenes.這部影片中有一些非常露骨的性愛(ài)鏡頭豁遭。
16.consent
①permission to do something許可，允許
·Her parents gave their consent to the marriage.她父母同意了這樁婚事贺拣。
→the age of consent the age
when someone can legally get married or havea sexual relationship?
婚姻合法年齡蓖谢；〔可以發(fā)生性關(guān)系的〕同意年齡，合法年齡
→Informed consent
·Informed consent should not be a mere contract for?research participants to sign.知情同意不應(yīng)該僅僅是一個(gè)讓研究參與者簽署的合同譬涡。
②agreement about something同意闪幽，贊同
·The chairman was elected by common consent (= with most?people agreeing ) .主席是大家一致推選出來(lái)的。
·divorce by mutual consent雙方均同意的離婚
17.integrated into
把…并入涡匀；融入盯腌；成為一體
·The committee integrated some of the suggestions into itsplan.?該委員會(huì)將部分建議納入了它的計(jì)劃。
Integrated：an integrated?system, institution etc combines many different groups, ideas, or parts in a?way that works well〔各組成部分〕相互協(xié)調(diào)的陨瘩，綜合的
18. tighten up
if a team or group tightens up, they start?working together more effectively加緊腕够，加強(qiáng)
·The government is tightening up public security.政府正在加強(qiáng)公共治安。
19.strong authentication
強(qiáng)身份驗(yàn)證
企業(yè)信息系統(tǒng)通常是通過(guò)用戶名/密碼來(lái)進(jìn)行身份認(rèn)證舌劳，如果企業(yè)敏感信息系統(tǒng)僅以該方式進(jìn)行身份認(rèn)證帚湘，身份極易被冒用，存在很大的安全隱患甚淡。因此客们，非常有必要采用更安全的身份認(rèn)證方式來(lái)進(jìn)行保護(hù)。
目前，“雙因素”認(rèn)證機(jī)制被公認(rèn)為最安全的身份認(rèn)證方式底挫，“雙因素”身份認(rèn)證是結(jié)合兩種不同類(lèi)型認(rèn)證因素的身份認(rèn)證方法恒傻，例如：用戶在登錄企業(yè)敏感信息系統(tǒng)時(shí)，不僅需要提供用戶名/密碼建邓，還需提供與用戶名/密碼綁定的物品（如用戶所擁有的動(dòng)態(tài)密碼卡產(chǎn)生的一次性密碼盈厘，或用戶所擁有的數(shù)字證書(shū)等），以確保用戶身份的真實(shí)性官边。
當(dāng)前沸手，市場(chǎng)上絕大多數(shù)“雙因素”身份認(rèn)證產(chǎn)品只能解決一個(gè)或幾個(gè)信息系統(tǒng)的身份認(rèn)證問(wèn)題，而非一次性徹底解決企業(yè)的所有身份認(rèn)證問(wèn)題注簿。
20.wave through
①wave someone/something throughto make a signal with your hand that shows you areallowing a person or vehicle to go through a gate or other entrance
②wave something throughto give permission or approval for something immediately and oftenwithout checking or considering it properly
21.rock-bottom
a rock-bottom price is as low as it can?possibly be〔價(jià)格〕最低的契吉，不能再低的
·bargain holidays at rock-bottom prices最低價(jià)的特惠度假產(chǎn)品
22.dumb?pipes
具體業(yè)務(wù)和利潤(rùn)都可能被fintech搶占，銀行就好像管道诡渴，只負(fù)責(zé)提供基本數(shù)據(jù)捐晶，但服務(wù)利潤(rùn)都被fintech搶了，目前還只是擔(dān)心階段妄辩。
23.manifest
①to show a feeling, attitude etc?顯示惑灵，表明，表露〔感情眼耀、態(tài)度等〕
·The shareholders have manifested their intention to sell?the shares.股東們表明了要出售股票的意圖英支。
manifest sth in/as/through sth
·A dog’s protective instincts are manifested in increased?alertness.狗的自我保護(hù)本能表現(xiàn)在它的警覺(jué)性越來(lái)越高。
②manifest itself?to appear or to become easy to see顯現(xiàn)哮伟，顯露
·His illness began to manifest itself at around this time.他的病到這時(shí)開(kāi)始顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)干花。
24.respondent
①[formal] someone who answers questions, especially in a?survey〔尤指調(diào)查中〕回答問(wèn)題的人
·Only 62 percent of respondents said they were satisfied.回復(fù)調(diào)查的人中只有62%表示滿意。
②[law] someone who has to defend their own case in a law?court, especially in a divorce case〔尤指離婚案的〕被告
25.legitimate? ? ?[opp] illegitimate
※文中為legitimate?concerns楞黄，則為①池凄，擔(dān)憂合乎情理。
①fair or reasonable公正的谅辣，正當(dāng)?shù)模侠淼?/p>
·That’s a perfectly legitimate question.那個(gè)問(wèn)題完全合乎情理
②acceptable or allowed by law合法的婶恼，法律許可的桑阶，依法的
·Their business operations are perfectly legitimate.他們的商業(yè)活動(dòng)完全合法。
③a legitimate child is born to parents who are legallymarried to each other?〔子女〕合法婚姻所生的勾邦，婚生的
26.robust
※文中為②蚣录，牢固的安全系統(tǒng)
①a robust person is strong and healthy強(qiáng)健的，健壯的
·a robust man of six feet four一個(gè)身高六英尺四英寸的壯漢
②a robust system, organization etc is strong and not likely to have?problems〔系統(tǒng)眷篇、組織等〕強(qiáng)大的萎河，穩(wěn)固的
·The formerly robust economy has begun to weaken.原本強(qiáng)勁的經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)始疲軟。
③a robust object is strong and not likely to break〔東西〕結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的
[syn]sturdy
·a robust metal cabinet結(jié)實(shí)的金屬柜
27.insure
①to buy insurance so that you will receive money if?something bad happens to you, your family, your possessions etc給…保險(xiǎn)虐杯；投保
·Have you insured the contents of your home?你給家庭財(cái)產(chǎn)投保了嗎玛歌？
insure (sth/sb) against loss/damage/theft/sickness etc
·It is wise to insure your property against storm damage.為防風(fēng)暴造成損毀而給財(cái)產(chǎn)買(mǎi)保險(xiǎn)是明智之舉。
insure sth for ￡1,000/$2,000 etc
·You should insure the painting for at least ￡100,000.這幅畫(huà)你至少應(yīng)該投保十萬(wàn)英鎊擎椰。
insure (yourself) against sth
to protect yourself against the risk of?something bad happening by planning or preparing對(duì)…采取預(yù)防措施
·Take advice to insure yourself against being misled.聽(tīng)取意見(jiàn)以免被誤導(dǎo)支子。
②to provide insurance for something or someone為…提供保險(xiǎn)
·Many companies won’t insure young?drivers.許多公司都不愿意為年輕的司機(jī)承保。
28.subject【adj】
①be subject tosth
a.if someone or something is subject to?something, especially something bad, it is possible or likely that they will be
affected by it易受某人[某事]影響达舒；可能會(huì)…的
·All flights are subject to delay.所有航班都有可能延誤值朋。
b.if something is subject to something such?as approval, it depends on that thing happening before it can happen取決于某人[某事]，視某人[某事]而定
·The funding is subject to approval by the Board of?Education.撥款有待教育委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)巩搏。
②be subject to a rule/law/penalty/tax etc
if you are subject to a rule, law, penalty?etc, you must obey the rule or pay an amount of money須遵守規(guī)則/須遵守法令/須繳納罰款/須繳納稅款等
·Violators are subject to a 100 fine.違者罰款100美元昨登。
29.perfect?on paper
不錯(cuò)的計(jì)劃；看起來(lái)靠譜的計(jì)劃
30.bare
①to remove something that was covering or hiding something?使暴露贯底，使赤裸丰辣，露出
·The dog bared its teeth.狗露出了牙齒。
②bare your soul?to reveal your most secret feelings敞開(kāi)心扉丈甸，訴說(shuō)衷腸
31.invoice
①a list of goods that have been supplied or work that has?been done, showing how much you owe for them發(fā)票糯俗；發(fā)貨清單，已完成工作的清單〔單上注明應(yīng)支付的款項(xiàng)〕
32.attribute
①a quality or feature, especially one that is consideredto be good or useful?特性睦擂，特質(zhì)得湘，屬性
·What attributes should a good manager possess?一名優(yōu)秀的經(jīng)理應(yīng)該具備哪些素質(zhì)？
33.entrant
※文中為①顿仇，指競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的各個(gè)企業(yè)
①someone who takes part in a competition參賽者
②someone who has recently started studying at university,?or working大學(xué)新生淘正；新職員
[+ to]
·new entrants to higher education高等院校的新生
34.confrontation
※文中為①，與cooperation相對(duì)
①a situation in which there is a lot of angry disagreement?between two people or groups對(duì)抗臼闻，對(duì)峙鸿吆；沖突
·She had stayed in her room to avoid another?confrontation.她待在自己的房間里，以避免再次發(fā)生沖突述呐。
[+ with/between]
·an ideological confrontation between conservatives and?liberals保守派和自由派在意識(shí)形態(tài)上的沖突
②a fight or?battle戰(zhàn)斗惩淳，戰(zhàn)役
military/violent/armed confrontation
·Japan seemed unlikely to risk military confrontation with?Russia.日本似乎不大可能冒險(xiǎn)去和俄羅斯發(fā)生軍事沖突。
Sentence structure
1.IN BRITAIN alone millions of people make formal?complaints each year about?their banks.
alone有“僅僅乓搬，只”之意思犁，則指僅在英國(guó)就有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人抱怨投訴銀行，例句：The case will cost thousands of pounds in legal fees alone.僅律師費(fèi)一項(xiàng)就要加上千英鎊进肯。formal complaints是指正式的投訴激蹲。
2.New European rules, he says, will open?the door to?a host of innovative services that analyse transactions.
open door to打開(kāi)門(mén)指新規(guī)讓大量(a host of )創(chuàng)新服務(wù)的產(chǎn)生得到許可進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。
3.Financial-technology (“fintech”) companies?are beginning to mount a challenge,
mount a challege這里指面臨挑戰(zhàn)江掩，文后有解釋学辱。
4.Sofort, iDEAL and other fintech firms conduct over half of online transactions?in Germany and the Netherlands,…But their reach is more limited elsewhere in Europe.
conduct transactions指進(jìn)行交易乘瓤，reach聯(lián)系上下文可得知為影響力，基礎(chǔ)沒(méi)傳統(tǒng)銀行牢固策泣，缺乏大量客戶交易信息來(lái)提供金融服務(wù)衙傀。
5.One reason incumbents have proved so?resilient is that fintech firms lack the customer-transaction information they need to provide many financial services.
prove resilient可引申為耐挫力強(qiáng)，由于fintech公司缺乏信息資源着降，傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)也就沒(méi)那么懼怕fintech的市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入差油。Incumbents have proved so resilient修飾reason, they needto…services修飾information。
6.They could become more integrated?into the internet-browsing experience—enabling, for example, one-click bank transfers, at least forlow-value payments.
one-click bank transfers是修飾enabling的內(nèi)容任洞，一鍵支付在低值支付下進(jìn)行蓄喇，后文緊接著說(shuō)明了超過(guò)30歐元的則用“強(qiáng)認(rèn)證”加強(qiáng)安全性。
7.Those with?limited credit histories may find it?easier to borrow, too, since?richer transaction?data should mean more sophisticated credit checks.
交易量多少對(duì)比交掏，少的省去很多審查時(shí)間妆偏，就會(huì)更易貸款，豐富的交易就更難盅弛。
8.Such concerns are legitimate but also,argue fintech supporters, offer a convenient excuse for banksto block competition.
argue fintech supporters在這里是倒裝钱骂，與said sb.形式相同。
9.Familiarity, huge customer bases and low funding costs?are all attributes entrants want to gain by association.
entrants want to …是all attributes的定語(yǔ)挪鹏，譯為：熟悉的關(guān)系见秽，大量顧客基礎(chǔ)和低集資成本是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者（企業(yè)）想通過(guò)協(xié)會(huì)得到的所有因素。
補(bǔ)充：
北歐金融科技爆發(fā)的秘密
The secrets of Nordic fintech boost
http://www.weiyangx.com/176521.html
Fintech時(shí)代來(lái)臨：金融科技VS傳統(tǒng)銀行
http://bank.hexun.com/2017-01-13/187734502.html
支付服務(wù)指令I(lǐng)I（PSD II）：歐盟金融業(yè)新規(guī)意味著什么
http://www.jiemian.com/article/560856.html
商業(yè)銀行轉(zhuǎn)型之路-區(qū)塊鏈金融戰(zhàn)略核武到來(lái)
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/n9_pKfNALkRFCjgcTq0V0Q
Day 5：
思維導(dǎo)圖+神句練習(xí)
1.New European payments regulation has the potential to shake up the banks.
新的歐洲支付法規(guī)有可能對(duì)銀行有很大的沖擊讨盒。
Shake up一般指帶來(lái)重大改變,Gambitionis shaking up the way we study/Technology is shaking up every industry that we can conceive of.
2.European rules will open the door to a host of innovative services that analyze transactions.
歐洲法規(guī)將會(huì)為分析交易的一系列創(chuàng)新服務(wù)敞開(kāi)大門(mén)解取。
歐洲法規(guī)將給交易分析相關(guān)的創(chuàng)新服務(wù)帶來(lái)更多機(jī)遇。
to give someone new opportunities (sometimes + for )Thesuccess of that film opened new doors for him.(sometimes + to )Earlyresults show that the new system would open doors to disadvantaged people.
3.Customers?need barely ever interact with their bank.
客戶幾乎不需要通過(guò)銀行返顺。
4.European?retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的平衡破壞對(duì)歐洲零售銀行來(lái)說(shuō)基本沒(méi)有影響禀苦。
技術(shù)帶來(lái)的變革對(duì)歐洲零售銀行業(yè)產(chǎn)生的影響微乎其微。
歐洲零售銀行業(yè)幾乎并沒(méi)有受到技術(shù)變革的影響遂鹊。
兩句一個(gè)意思振乏，第二句形式上更吻合原句，但第一句通過(guò)化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)秉扑，突出了核心信息remarkably unscathed幾乎毫發(fā)無(wú)傷慧邮。所以，翻譯并沒(méi)有完美的答案舟陆，只能無(wú)限接近而已~
另外,disruption真的是時(shí)下太過(guò)火爆的熱詞误澳，比較普遍的譯法是：顛覆。現(xiàn)在各行各業(yè)都在經(jīng)歷巨變吨娜，上個(gè)月篤師做了一個(gè)人力資源相關(guān)會(huì)議脓匿，當(dāng)中就提到某五百?gòu)?qiáng)大公司人力資源部門(mén)的發(fā)展目標(biāo)即三年內(nèi)裁員15%淘钟，為何宦赠？新技術(shù)如AI（Artificial Intelligence人工智能）正在顛覆傳統(tǒng)HR(Human Resources人力資源）行業(yè)陪毡，匹配人選，員工培訓(xùn)勾扭，薪酬制定等具體工作都可以借助技術(shù)高效完成毡琉，從而極大程度減少人員介入，好吧妙色，聽(tīng)講的都是該公司HR部門(mén)的員工桅滋，他們會(huì)不會(huì)有如坐針氈之感？身辨？21世紀(jì)丐谋，沒(méi)有一勞永逸的鐵飯碗，終身學(xué)習(xí)才是王道鵝~~~
Retail banking, also known as consumer banking, is the?provision of services by a?bank?to?individual consumers, rather than to companies, corporations or other banks.Services offered?include?savings?and?transactional accounts,mortgages,personal?loans,debit?cards,?and?credit cards.The term?is generally used to distinguish these banking services from?investment?banking煌珊，commercial?banking?or?whole sale?banking.It may also be usedto refer to a division or department of a bank dealing with retail customers.
5.Fintech companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry in northern?Europe. But their reach is more limited elsewhere in Europe.
金融科技公司正開(kāi)始面臨挑戰(zhàn)号俐，大多來(lái)自于北歐的在線支付行業(yè)。但是他們的影響力在歐洲其他地區(qū)都很小定庵。
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融公司已經(jīng)開(kāi)始發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)吏饿，尤其是在北歐線上支付領(lǐng)域。但對(duì)歐洲其他地區(qū)的影響則要小得多蔬浙。
mount?a challenge猪落，記住這個(gè)常見(jiàn)搭配，表達(dá)的意思就是發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)畴博，構(gòu)成威脅笨忌。我要提醒大家的是最后那里的reach,用作名詞時(shí)候和influence一個(gè)意思,用來(lái)表達(dá)影響的范圍，簡(jiǎn)短好用绎晃，建議化作積極儲(chǔ)備蜜唾。Eg.Victory is now out of her reach. /The company has now overtaken IBM in terms ofsize and reach./Such matters are beyond the reach of the law.
6.Regulators,however, are about to transform the landscape.
然而執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)備改變這種格局。
然而庶艾，監(jiān)管部門(mén)即將改變這一現(xiàn)狀袁余。
landscape原意是風(fēng)景，景色咱揍，地貌颖榜，此處也是暗喻的用法，衍生為局面煤裙，局勢(shì)掩完。所以哦，衍生意思和原意都有一定聯(lián)系硼砰，大家稍加聯(lián)想且蓬，便不難理解哦。這種用法非常非常普遍题翰，建議內(nèi)化恶阴。Recent electoral shocks have shaken the?European political landscape.最近的選舉風(fēng)波震動(dòng)了歐洲政壇诈胜。
7.Banks’ lockhold on payments serves as a handy source of income.
銀行一直依賴(lài)于支付服務(wù)并將其作為收入的最容易的來(lái)源。
牢牢把控支付領(lǐng)域使得銀行輕而易舉就能賺錢(qián)冯事。
lockhold難住了很多同學(xué)焦匈，這種用法很少見(jiàn)，大家作為被動(dòng)詞匯即可昵仅。lock鎖住缓熟，hold緊握，加在一起就是牢牢把控的意思摔笤，同樣需要大家聯(lián)想體會(huì)哦够滑。倒是后面的handy這一形容詞值得重視，表示就在手邊吕世，方便容易版述，唾手可得，聯(lián)想它的原形hand好好體會(huì)一下寞冯。Eg. Always keep a first-aid kit handy.跟前要常備急救箱/handy little tool好用小工具
8.Resistance is manifested as?a concern about data protection.Such concerns are legitimate but also, argue fintech supporters,offer a convenient excuse for banks to block competition.
對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)的擔(dān)憂成為了阻力渴析，如此的擔(dān)憂完全合乎情理，但金融科技的支持者認(rèn)為這為銀行封鎖競(jìng)爭(zhēng)提供了合理的借口吮龄。
抗拒源自對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)的擔(dān)憂俭茧，這是合情合理的。但互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的支持者們認(rèn)為漓帚，這也是銀行抵制競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的絕佳借口母债。
9.Yet for all their complaints, customers still trust banks with their money.
盡管他們?cè)寡院芏啵蛻粢廊粚?duì)把錢(qián)放在銀行是放心的尝抖。
盡管客戶怨聲載道毡们，但他們依然更信任把錢(qián)放在銀行。
For?all表示盡管昧辽，雖然衙熔，等于despite.Eg. For all its clarity of style, thebook is not easy to read.
神詞組:
become overdrawn:透支
nudge them to save more：鼓勵(lì)他們存款 鼓勵(lì)他們?cè)黾觾?chǔ)蓄，nudge有沒(méi)有很眼熟搅荞？
have easy access to:輕松可通過(guò) ?便于……
kick-start competition:引發(fā)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
give explicit consent：明確同意
one-click bank transfer:一鍵轉(zhuǎn)帳
low-value payments:低額支付 小額支付
tighten up security:加強(qiáng)安全
guide them toward:引導(dǎo)他們…
rich data:豐富的數(shù)據(jù)
leave them in a weaker position:使他們處于不利地位
robust data-protection system:牢固的數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)系統(tǒng) 強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)系統(tǒng)
insured against losses from fraud:投保以防欺詐造成的損失
perfect on paper:很靠譜 理論完美红氯！暗示實(shí)際操作起來(lái)可能困難重重。
team up with:與….合作
exploit newcomers’ technology:利用后來(lái)者的技術(shù)
Day 6：
總結(jié)反思
一.文章概述
? ? ? 文章從英國(guó)人對(duì)銀行的抱怨引出了創(chuàng)新支付服務(wù)為人們提供便捷咕痛，也由此引出金融科技企業(yè)的出現(xiàn)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)的沖擊痢甘，并將兩者進(jìn)行比較。就文章而言茉贡，傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)多年扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)塞栅，多年基石的傳統(tǒng)銀行有忠誠(chéng)的客戶，客戶賬戶及交易數(shù)據(jù)資料腔丧，還有對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)資料的易得性放椰，初創(chuàng)金融科技公司是不能與之比較的王暗。當(dāng)然金融科技所帶來(lái)的技術(shù)革命也是傳統(tǒng)銀行不可比擬的，金融科技公司有利于消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)建議和對(duì)儲(chǔ)蓄和貸款的指南庄敛。而兩者各有千秋，于是監(jiān)管部門(mén)為改善這種格局則打算出臺(tái)PSD2新規(guī)科汗，強(qiáng)制性引發(fā)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)藻烤，只要客戶明確同意的情況下，銀行也就不得不與金融科技公司共享客戶賬戶交易資料头滔。因此客戶的利益將實(shí)現(xiàn)最大化怖亭，金融科技公司的技術(shù)可以利用起來(lái)，銀行的資料也能靈活利用起來(lái)坤检。雖然若執(zhí)行PSD之后兴猩，金融科技公司可以建立與客戶的信任，擁有強(qiáng)大的客戶基礎(chǔ)以及低融資成本早歇，不過(guò)倾芝，對(duì)于金融科技公司也有麻煩之處，由于其初創(chuàng)和新興箭跳，數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)系統(tǒng)令人擔(dān)憂晨另，于是金融科技公司也就不得不對(duì)各個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)和保險(xiǎn)公司進(jìn)行說(shuō)服工作。雖說(shuō)PSD2在理論上是可行的谱姓，但實(shí)踐起來(lái)就怕銀行為保全自己的最大利益而延遲共享資料或使它們無(wú)法使用借尿。對(duì)此，監(jiān)管部門(mén)也有其對(duì)策屉来，就是嚴(yán)令禁止銀行違法限制消費(fèi)者的在線業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)路翻。最后，作者對(duì)金融科技公司與傳統(tǒng)銀行的合作還是對(duì)抗提出疑問(wèn)茄靠。
二.總結(jié)反思
? ? ? fintech企業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)銀行之間看似幾百字的較勁博弈茂契，實(shí)際上都作為企業(yè)，也就俗話所說(shuō)“天下熙熙慨绳，皆為利來(lái)账嚎；天下攘攘，皆為利往儡蔓」叮”。
? ? ? 對(duì)于作者最后的疑問(wèn)喂江，就我一個(gè)學(xué)人力的門(mén)外漢看來(lái)召锈，今后金融科技公司和銀行一定會(huì)是合作關(guān)系，在這方面成熟的中國(guó)市場(chǎng)百度获询、阿里巴巴等等都是很好的例子涨岁。如今拐袜，支付、保險(xiǎn)梢薪、借貸蹬铺、甚至是零售銀行和房屋中介等，金融科技幾乎正在被應(yīng)用到金融領(lǐng)域的各方各面秉撇。隨著傳統(tǒng)銀行逐步向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交易型銀行轉(zhuǎn)型Fintech時(shí)代的來(lái)臨甜攀，金融科技企業(yè)為銀行搭建基于云技術(shù)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交易型平臺(tái)。PSD2法規(guī)是恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間提出的琐馆，在當(dāng)今互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+時(shí)代下规阀，各行各業(yè)的邊界逐漸模糊，金融服務(wù)必將嵌入各類(lèi)交易瘦麸，傳統(tǒng)銀行也必將深化與各行業(yè)的合作谁撼，包括金融科技，才能構(gòu)建靈活滋饲、開(kāi)放的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交易型平臺(tái)生態(tài)厉碟，這是大時(shí)代趨勢(shì)下必然的結(jié)果。
? ? ? ?這是第二次topic了屠缭，整整三天來(lái)說(shuō)墨榄，相較topic1的筆記花費(fèi)時(shí)間縮短了，大概是因?yàn)橛辛藅opic1 的基礎(chǔ)勿她，現(xiàn)在精讀起來(lái)開(kāi)始比較得心應(yīng)手了袄秩，對(duì)于句型單詞的理解也越來(lái)越順利。特別在思維導(dǎo)圖的構(gòu)建方面更加有思路了逢并，當(dāng)然也有文章作為對(duì)比類(lèi)文章的原因之剧，在讀懂文章之后，金融科技公司和傳統(tǒng)銀行的對(duì)比看起來(lái)就顯得一目了然砍聊。涉及到了金融方面的知識(shí)也多虧了精讀班里的金融大神將這些背景知識(shí)分享給我們背稼，才能對(duì)文章更好地理解，尤其要提到的就是“dumb pipe”的含義玻蝌。雖然整體挺順利蟹肘，不過(guò)開(kāi)始的時(shí)候也是一臉懵逼狀態(tài)啊，想想最開(kāi)始看到這篇文章標(biāo)題就看不懂俯树，也是在查了Google之后自動(dòng)彈出level the playing field才能引申出level the paying field的含義帘腹。總的來(lái)說(shuō)许饿，知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備越來(lái)越豐富啦~謝謝篤師June阳欲，謝謝班級(jí)里的大神，真心的，在這個(gè)大班級(jí)中球化，每天能看到大家互相提問(wèn)解答并且答疑解惑秽晚，真的學(xué)到了很多。THANKS! （加粗的?）
Second Topic! Done筒愚！
