0.更換阿里的鏡像源
1.檢查本機(jī)是否已裝mysql組件,有的話刪掉(防止后續(xù)安裝組件引用沖突)

[root@linux ~]# yum list installed | grep mysql
mysql-libs.x86_64       5.1.73-8.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-201806291108.x86_64/6.10
[root@linux ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64

2.下載mysql源安裝包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el6-10.noarch.rpm

3.安裝yum源,選擇版本

yum -y localinstall mysql57-community-release-el6-10.noarch.rpm

源安裝后,根據(jù)需要,設(shè)置安裝的mysql版本,通過vim 編輯源文件,如果要安裝mysql哪個版本展姐，選擇后把里面的enable設(shè)置為1,其他設(shè)0.例如我的,就是5.6是1,其他版本是0

[root@linux ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

也可以通過命令直接設(shè)置

yum-config-manager --disable mysql55-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community
yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community

4.安裝mysql服務(wù)端(如果網(wǎng)絡(luò)不好,安裝途中沒下載完成,提示更換源,可以多此執(zhí)行以下安裝命令,他會在原下載的進(jìn)度上繼續(xù)下載,等下載完成就可以順利安裝完成了)

[root@linux ~]# yum install mysql-community-server

5.啟動 mysql 服務(wù)

[root@linux ~]# service mysqld start

6.查看服務(wù)啟動是否成功

[root@linux ~]# service mysqld status
mysqld (pid  3687) 正在運(yùn)行...

7.查看mysql是否開機(jī)自啟動(如不是,設(shè)置開啟,1-6代表不同的設(shè)備狀態(tài),詳情自己百度)

[root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
mysqld          0:關(guān)閉  1:關(guān)閉  2:關(guān)閉  3:啟用  4:啟用  5:啟用  6:關(guān)閉
[root@linux ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@linux ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
mysqld          0:關(guān)閉  1:關(guān)閉  2:啟用  3:啟用  4:啟用  5:啟用  6:關(guān)閉

8.修改默認(rèn)字符集為UTF8(在[mysqld]部分添加：character-set-server=utf8)

[root@linux ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

修改前:

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

修改后:

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

9.重啟服務(wù)

[root@linux ~]# service mysqld restart
停止 mysqld： [確定]
正在啟動 mysqld： [確定]

10.設(shè)置密碼,設(shè)置root賬戶遠(yuǎn)程登錄和修改配置:執(zhí)行:mysql_secure_installation
(如裝的是5.7,需要先去關(guān)閉密碼檢查,再查安裝好后生成的文件中查找初始密碼,修改密碼)
關(guān)閉密碼檢查:在[mysqld]后面增加validate_password=off

vim /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
validate_password=off

再重啟mysql服務(wù)

service myslqd restart

5.7版本,查看初始密碼,跟在 root@localhost后的就是初始的密碼

[root@linux ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep root@localhost

再登錄myslq,修改密碼

mysql -uroot -p
#輸入查詢到的初始密碼登錄
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');

再退出mysql修改配置(修改同下方的5.6版本):

mysql> exit
mysql_secure_installation

5.6版本

[root@linux ~]# mysql_secure_installation



NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Sorry, passwords do not match.

New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist
 ... Failed!  Not critical, keep moving...
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!




All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

11.允許root用戶(密碼123456)遠(yuǎn)程接入：

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

12.重啟mysql服務(wù)

[root@linux ~]# service mysqld restart
停止 mysqld： [確定]
正在啟動 mysqld： [確定]