virtualenv 創(chuàng)建python3.8虛擬環(huán)境失敗問題記錄

1.?問題錯誤信息：?

? ?執(zhí)行命令：? ?virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.8? ?py3env ，創(chuàng)建py3env的python3.8的虛擬環(huán)境

? ?錯誤信息：

Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.8

Using base prefix?'/usr/local/python3'

/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py:1082: DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation?for?alternative uses

??import?imp

New python executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python3.8

Also creating executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python

Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...

??Complete output from command /home/mi/work/WALL-E...py3env/bin/python3.8?- setuptools pkg_resources pip wheel:

??Exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line?209, in main

????status = self.run(options, args)

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/commands/install.py", line?267, in run

????with self._build_session(options) as session:

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line?66, in _build_session

????session = PipSession(

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line?321, in __init__

????self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line?93, in user_agent

????zip(["name",?"version",?"id"], platform.linux_distribution()),

AttributeError: module?'platform'?has no attribute?'linux_distribution'

Traceback (most recent call last):

??File?"<stdin>", line?24, in <module>

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/__init__.py", line?217, in main

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line?242, in main

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line?66, in _build_session

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line?321, in __init__

??File?"/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py", line?93, in user_agent

AttributeError: module?'platform'?has no attribute?'linux_distribution'

----------------------------------------

...Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done.

Traceback (most recent call last):

??File?"/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line?2363, in <module>

????main()

??File?"/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line?709, in main

????create_environment(home_dir,

??File?"/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line?984, in create_environment

????install_wheel(

??File?"/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line?918, in install_wheel

????call_subprocess(cmd, show_stdout=False, extra_env=env, stdin=SCRIPT)

??File?"/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py", line?810, in call_subprocess

????raise OSError(

OSError: Command /home/mi/work/WALL-E...py3env/bin/python3.8?- setuptools pkg_resources pip wheel failed with error code?1

2.問題解決思路：?

從上面可知缠黍，關鍵信息：AttributeError: module 'platform' has no attribute 'linux_distribution'

原因是：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42415326/article/details/104767193

python3.7以后platform.linux_distribution()被移除了件相。

（詳見https://docs.python.org/3.5/library/platform.html#platform.linux_distribution）

那安裝wheel卻走到了此方法线欲，想著進入“/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/download.py”酱讶，修改為“distro.linux_distribution()”唤衫。無奈是一個pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl是一個文件而非目錄。

?wheel文件是什么铐殃？海洼？？

wheel 是新的 Python 的 disribution富腊，用于替代 Python 傳統(tǒng)的 egg 文件坏逢。目前有超過一半的庫文件有對應的 wheel 文件。

*.whl文件有一點與*.egg文件相似：實際上它們都是“偽裝的”*.zip文件赘被。如果你將*.whl文件名擴展改為*.zip是整，你就可以使用你的zip應用程序打開它，并且可以查看它包含的文件和文件夾民假。

那么按上面浮入，應該是系統(tǒng)的wheel文件比較老了，采用的是python3.7之前來實現(xiàn)的羊异，那么應該替換一個新的事秀。

https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/這里有系統(tǒng)的wheel文件彤断，下載一個最新的pip-20.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl，更名為系統(tǒng)中的pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl易迹，替換系統(tǒng)的pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl文件宰衙。

?virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.8?py3env

Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python3.8

Using base prefix?'/usr/local/python3'

/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py:1082: DeprecationWarning: the imp module is deprecated in favour of importlib; see the module's documentation?for?alternative uses

import?imp

New python executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python3.8

Also creating executable in /home/mi/work/WALL-E/code/walle_new/py3env/bin/python

Installing setuptools, pkg_resources, pip, wheel...done.

成功了！６糜供炼！