This time I tried to translate this year's new-added Chinese chatwheel, for 2-5, the origin can be referred to from this link:
https://www.bilibili.com/video/av23414598?from=search&seid=8752125144726131118

1.這波不虧魂贬，666
I can't find its origin, so this explanation may not be that precise.

Hope you guys can comprehend.

"這波不虧"goes like:"This fight, we didn't get less than we've paid for. "
"6" reads like "liu", the same as "溜" which can be used to describe sb is excellent with sth. So "666" is used to commend somebody when he/she did a nice job.

2.你氣不氣
From AA, during the DAC final, LGD vs Mineski Game 5

By 17min55s, two parties confronted with each other, Underlord used his ultimate skill ahead of time, leaving enough time for Maybe to deal damage to Jabz's naga, killing him and they both left safely.

And since this is not the first time that Mineski tried to gank LGD, however, they lost their own teammate and just watch LGD's members escape safely with the aid of Underlord's skill.

So under this situation for Mineski's members, it's natrual for them to feel angry about those failures and embarrassment.

The word"你氣不氣" can be translated like"Are you feeling angry right now?" with some tone of taunt in it.

3.“這就是高富帥啊”
By ROtK, MDL Macau final, G2

First, let's know about this sentence's basic meaning.
高：tall 富：rich 帥：handsome

And these three words are usually seen as key qualities for a perfect man: being outstanding with figure, wealth and appearance.

In this game, the shadow demon played by Fly had a quite rich asset(with a blink dagger and mana boots.)

So when he found two people trying to gank him, he didn't panic, threw a spell and just blinked away easily, those two guys had nothing to deal with him.

So Rotk said:"This is the tall, rich and handsome guy, and he drove a ferrari."(To make fun of Fly's fast movement speed.)

4.“葫蘆娃救爺爺嗎斗锭？”
This joke comes from a classic Chinese cartoon "Calabash Brothers"隅熙，in the cartoon, a monster took away the Calabash Brothers' grandfather,
however, the seven brothers went to save their grandpa one by one and get caught one by one, too.

Just like in the scene, VG.J.T's teammates TP one by one and get killed one by one.

5."隊(duì)友呢，隊(duì)友呢庭敦，隊(duì)友呢？"
I think this one is the most popular one.

It goes like:"Where are your teammates,where are your teammates,where are your teammate?"

In the MDL grand final OG vs TNC, TNC's guys used a smoke and left Storm Spirit to farm, so Burning and Rotk supposed that they were trying to ambush N0tail's tiny who may want to kill ST, however after ST ran into Tiny's face and got almost fatal damage, all the TNC members had retreated except ST(used by Kuku).

So Burning and Rotk just made that questions with some jokey elements.