Lesson 59

Collecting 收藏

Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.

聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。

[endif]What in particular does a person gain whenhe or she becomes a serious collector?

People tend toamass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. Indeed they canhave a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did notknow they owned. Those who never have to move house become indiscriminatecollectors of what can only be described as clutter. They leave unwantedobjects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they mayone day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulatebelongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both ofwhich are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment. Thingsowned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps withrelatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their trueworth.

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[endif]Some things arecollected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste. Among these Iwould list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel hasbeen opened, to save buying these two requisites. Collecting small items caneasily become a mania. I know someone who always cuts sketches out fromnewspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money. Asshe is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford suchpurchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-

minded to be able to stop the practice. It is a harmless bait, but it littersup her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paperfall out in every direction.

Collecting as aserous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxationfor leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy. One doesnot have to go outside for amuse-

ment, since the collection is housed at home. Whatever it consists of, stamps,records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures,model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do inconnection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, toverifying facts in reference books. This hobby educates one not only in thechosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to getadvice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find. Soone's circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to ameeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen,for collectors are not confined to any one country. Over the years, one maywell become an authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to giveinformal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to largeraudiences. In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject,then from being able to take about it. Collecting, by occupying spare time soconstructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

參考譯文

人們喜歡收藏東西穷缤，有時并沒有意識到自己在這樣做槽片。確實灯抛，一旦無意之中從自己的收藏品中找到某件有用的東西時妇押，可以給人一種驚喜的感覺。那些從來不必搬家的人們成了一種無所無容的收藏家跳昼。他們專門收藏那些只能被稱作雜貨的東西般甲。他們在抽屜里，碗柜中鹅颊、閣樓上堆放著一些不用的東西敷存，一放就是好幾年，相信總有一天需要的正好是那些東西堪伍。人們年老之后也喜歡收藏東西锚烦，不過是出于兩個不同的原因：一是體力，精力均告不佳帝雇，這二者是清除無用的東西必不可少的因素涮俄；另一原因是感情因素。東西擱得時間久了尸闸，便會充滿著與過去歲月的聯(lián)系彻亲，比方說與死去的親戚有關(guān)孕锄。因此這些東西慢慢獲得了一種超出它本身的價值。

居家度日苞尝，有目的地收藏某些東西是為了防止浪費(fèi)畸肆。這些東西中我想舉出線繩和包裝紙為例。節(jié)儉的人們打開包裹后便把這兩樣必備的東西收藏起來宙址。省得日后去買轴脐。收集小玩藝兒很容易著迷。我認(rèn)識一個人曼氛，她總喜歡從報紙上剪下流行服裝的圖樣豁辉，等以后有錢時去買服裝。由于她并不富裕舀患，她買得起這些服裝的可能性十分渺茫。但她又缺乏足夠堅強(qiáng)的意志把這一收集活動停下來气破。這種習(xí)慣無害聊浅，只把寫字臺里堆得滿滿當(dāng)當(dāng)，以致每次打開抽屜總能帶出許多紙片四處飛揚(yáng)现使。

作為一種嚴(yán)肅的業(yè)余愛好的收藏活動完全是另外一回事低匙，它具有許多益處。它可以使人在閑暇中得到休息碳锈，因為欣賞自己收藏的珍品總會充滿了樂趣顽冶。人們不必走到戶外去尋求娛樂，因為收藏品都是存放在家中售碳。不管收藏品是什么强重，郵票、唱片贸人、頭版書籍间景、瓷器、玻璃杯艺智、老式家具倘要、繪畫、模型汽車十拣、鳥類標(biāo)本封拧，還是玩具動物，從為新增添的收藏品尋找擺放位置到核對參考書中的事實夭问，總歸有事可做泽西。這種愛好不僅能使人從選擇的專題中受到教育，而且也能從與之有關(guān)的一般事物中獲得長進(jìn)甲喝。除此之外尝苇，還有其他的益處铛只。收藏者要會見情趣相投的收藏者，以獲取教益糠溜，交流經(jīng)驗淳玩、交換收藏品，炫耀自己的最新收藏非竿。朋友的圈子就這樣不斷擴(kuò)大蜕着。用不了多久，有這種愛好的人便開始旅行红柱，也許是去另一個城市參加會議承匣，也可能是出國尋找一件珍品，因為收藏家是不分國籍的锤悄。一人積了多年經(jīng)驗會成為自己這種愛好的權(quán)威韧骗，很可能應(yīng)邀在小型集會上作非正式的講話。如果講得好零聚，可能向更多人發(fā)表演說袍暴。這樣，你自信心不斷增強(qiáng)隶症，先是因為掌握一門學(xué)問政模，接下來是因為能夠就此發(fā)表見解。收藏活動通過富有建設(shè)性地利用業(yè)余時間使人感到心滿意足蚂会，不再有無聊之日淋样。

【課文講解】

注意寫作風(fēng)格，與L41和L43課完全不一樣胁住。

對比：分析事物之間的差異（通過事物比事物法）

背熟：People tend to amass possessions, sometimeswithout being aware of doing so.

amass possession

tend to: 喜歡趁猴，有...... 傾向

unaware of doingso

背熟：Things owned for a long time are fullassociations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so theygradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

possession 財產(chǎn)，所有物belongings

People tend toamass valuable items.

because theygradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

Eg: I can notestimate the true value of my photographs in terms of money.

Some things arecollected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.

It is a harmlessbait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opensit, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.

Collecting as amania is a harmless habit

has manyadvantages / harmless habit

Collecting, byoccupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no timefor boredom.

Collecting as aserious hobby

回到第一自然段第2句

have a delightfulsurprise

I am a collectorof what can be described as valuable stamps.

I know a person ofwhat can be described as bookworm.

in the belief that== believe in

in the thoughtthat == think in

Eg: I did so inthe belief that you could help me.

I said so in thethought that I wouldn’t hurt you.

under theimpression that

Eg: I am under theimpression that the diamonds are really beautiful.

very: 加強(qiáng)語氣

at exactly thatmoment == at that very moment

belongings

Eg: I failed myexamination for two reasons, lack of hard work, being late for the examination.

sentiment: 情感

sentimental 多愁善感的

deliberately

背熟：Some things are collected deliberately inthe home in an attempt to avoid waste.

in an attempt to

do sth.： 竭盡全力做某事

Eg”He rarely goesshopping in an attempt to save up.

thrifty ==economical

save doing sth. 免掉做某事的麻煩

save the troubleof doing sth.

clothes-->purchase

sufficiently ==

enough 放在所修飾的adj. 前

practice: 個人的習(xí)慣做法== mania == habit

every time ==whenever

背熟：Collecting as a serous hobby is quitedifferent and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, asjust looking at one's treasures is always a joy.

collection: 強(qiáng)調(diào)收藏品

collecting: 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動作

Collecting stampsis my favourite hobby.

illustratecollecting

as: 就象什么一樣

relacation

==entertainment: 休息措嵌，娛樂

treasures ==valuable collection

amusement==relaxation

is housed at home

whatever it consistof == whatever it is made up of

consist of == be

made up of 由......組成

comprise,constitute

背熟：there is always something to do in

connection with it躲叼，(it 指collection )

From to 從什么到什么

背熟：This hobby educates one not only in thechosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.

not only... butalso ...

have bearing on

sth. 與什么密切相關(guān)

relation to, berelated to, have relation to

advantage,privilege, benefit

notes ==collection

find == collection

背熟：So one’s circle of friends grows.

in search of ==for

be confined to: 限定在什么區(qū)域范圍之內(nèi)

Eg: He is confinedto the box.

We are confined tothree meals.

over the years ==as time goes on

well 用來加強(qiáng)語氣

背熟：In this way self-confidence grows.

Collecting,byoccupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no timefor boredom.

背熟：Collecting, by occupying spare time soconstructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

注意每一段的段首和段尾，通過對比來表述了兩種不同的收藏企巢。

make as if to do

== pretend to do: 裝著要做某事的樣子

Eg: He made as ifto help me.

make believe: 假裝

Eg: He madebelieve that he knew everything about the secret.

make it ：說定了枫慷，成功了

Eg: He thought hewould arrive here at 8 o’clock and he made it

make up to : 奉承，獻(xiàn)媚kiss sb’s boots, flatter

make a cleanbreast of == confess completely:? 完全坦白

Eg: He made aclean breast of what he did to the girl.

【Vocabulary】P266

Choose five of thefollowing words and phrases and give for each another word or phrase of similarmeaning to that in which the word or phrase is used in the passage: amass (l.1);being aware (l.1); move house (l.4); attics (l.6); gradally acquire (l.10);thrifty (l.12); in very direction (l.17)

amass ==accumulate

being aware ==conscious

move house 搬家move from our house to new one

attic: 閣樓a small room directory below the roof of the building

gradually acquire

== get / gain / obtain step by step 漸漸獲得

thrifty == frugal==economical ==not wasteful

in everydirections == everywhere

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1? What differentiates the indiscriminatecollector from the serious one?

a.? What he collects is only of personal ratherthan communal interest.

b.? He lacks the physical and mentalenergy to go out and about.

c.? His possessions are varied but over the yearsthey gain in value.

d.? He confines his collection to the home andtherefore does not travel.

differentiate: 與......不同浪规，區(qū)別是什么

communal: 共同的或听，普遍的

2.? The author’s friend is typical of theindiscriminate collector in that____.

a.? she keeps newspapers in the hope that one daythey may come in useful

b.? she collects sketches of clothes to saveherself the cost of buying them

c.? she is too narrow-minded to be able to stop asentimental practice

d.? she never gets round to sorting out theclutter she has acumulated

in that == because

get round to do: 抽時間來做某事

3? The serious collector can spend his leisuretime____.

a.? at home,as his collection is sufficiententertainment in itself

b.? at the same time as looking joyfully at histreasures

c.? educating himself and others by verifyingfacts in reference books

d.? occupying himself by constructing a house forhis collection

sufficient ==ample == enough == adequate

Structure

4____belongingspeople accumulate. There are two reasons for this...(ll.7-9)

a.? As they got older more???? ????????????b.?In getting older there are more

c.? Only when they get older, do more???? d.?The older they get the more

5____in the homein an attempt to avoid waste.(l.ll)

a.? People deliberately collect???? b.?People deliberately collect some things

c.? People collect deliberately???? d.?People collect deliberately some things

deliberately應(yīng)放在動詞之前或賓語之后

6? ----but it litters up her desk____that everytime she opens it...(ll.16-17)

a.? so far???b.? as long as??? c.?in as much??? d.? so much

7? Something to do, from finding the right place____ the latest addition to...(ll.21-22)

a.? where he puts??? b.?in order to put??? c.? for to put???d.? to put

為何不能選a. 沒有說明誰放置

不定式to做定語，所強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容是將要發(fā)生的

Eg: I want to geta pen to write with.

8? ----and then,if____successful,to largeraudiences.(ll.28-29)

a.? they will be??? b.?one is??? c.? it has been???d.? they were

如果表示任意的一個人笋婿，采用的最好的主語是one.

Vocabulary

9? Some things are collected____in the home soas to avoid waste.(l.ll)

a.? systematically??? b.?intentionally??? c.? purposefully??? d.?organizationally

deliberately: 深思熟慮地誉裆，精心考慮地

systematically: 有體系地

intentionally: 有意圖地，經(jīng)過考慮地缸濒，故意地

intend to do /intention / have intention to do / intentionally

purposely == onpurpose :? 有目的地

organizationally: 有組織地

10? Collecting as a serious hobby is____and hasmany advantages.(l.l8)

a.? altogether separate??? b.?rather unlike??? c.? fairly diverse??? d.?very distinguished

unlike: 強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的外在不同

diverse: 截然相反的

distinguished: (人) 杰出的足丢，出色的粱腻，著名的

separate adj. 分開的

11? ----the right place for the latest additionto____facts in reference books.(ll.22-23)

a.? insuring???b.? certifying??? c.?identifying??? d. checking

原文用verify

certify / prove /

check (核對)

certify: 證明，保證

identify: 確立斩跌，確立身份

12? ----but also in general matters which____.(ll.23-24)

a.? stand up to it??? b.?relate to it??? c.? bear it out???d.? carry it off

have some bearing

on it == have connection with it == be related to it : 與之相關(guān)的

stand up to it 經(jīng)得起考驗

bear out: 證明绍些，證實

carry off: 成功完成（應(yīng)付）

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. A?? 2. D??3. A?? 4. D?? 5. B??6. C?? 7. C?? 8. B??9. B?? 10. A?? 11. D??12. B

如何用另一種寫作方式來組織作文：

論說文（說明文和議論文的結(jié)合）：說明一種觀點，然后用例證說服他人接受你的觀點

論說文常用的風(fēng)格：

1．闡述性的：針對某一問題下面闡述作者的觀點耀鸦，主要是針對某一事物或觀點的必要性柬批、重要性、正確性或優(yōu)越性袖订，危害性或內(nèi)在實質(zhì)進(jìn)行闡述氮帐，只需要表明觀點，申述理由即可：We need to broaden our English knowledge.

2．比較性的： 主要是比較兩種或兩種以上事物各自的優(yōu)點洛姑、缺點上沐，來論證一種比另一種更好，一般來講寫作方式有整體比較（事物比事物）吏口， 逐項比較（事實比事實）: How to solve the problem of heavy

traffic. 主要是在比較advantage / disadvantage

§ Lesson 60 Too early and too late 太早和太晚

【New words and expressions】生詞和短語

●punctuality n. 準(zhǔn)時

●rural adv. 農(nóng)村的

●disregard v. 不顧奄容，無視

●intellectual n. 知識分子

●abstruse adj. 深奧的

●coordinate v. 協(xié)調(diào)

●reproach v. 責(zé)備

●puncture v. 刺破（輪胎）

●diversion n. 改道，繞道

●trial n. 討厭的事产徊，人

●fraction n. 很小一點兒

●flourish n. 揮舞（打手勞）

●microscopic adj. 微小的

●adamant adj. 堅定的，不動搖的

◆punctuality n. 準(zhǔn)時

punctual: adj. 守時

be punctual to theminute

◆rural adv. 農(nóng)村的

urban adj. 城市的

◆disregard v. 不顧蜀细，無視

disregard sth

disregard ==ignore

pay no attentionto

take no notice of

in disregard of

treat sb. with

disregard: 怠慢某人

◆intellectual n. 知識分子

◆abstruse adj. 深奧的

abstract: 抽象的

Eg: I am not goodat mathematics, because the subject is not only abstract but also abstruce.

◆◆coordinate v. 協(xié)調(diào)

Eg: Our effortsneed to be further coordinated for higher efficiency.

efficiency: == be

efficient:效率

Eg: If you wnat tocomplete an ideal job with your classmates as quickly as possible, I think ypumust coodniate everything as much as you can.

coordinate work: 協(xié)調(diào)工作

arrange: 安排

Eg: Who willarrange the party?

How can arrangethe paragraph?

organize: 組織

Eg: It’s your dutyto organize our meeting.

harmonize:

vt.& n. 協(xié)調(diào)舟铜，使調(diào)和，配和音

Eg: The music isharmonized.

We have to harmonizeour work.

◆reproach v. 責(zé)備

blame / scold /reprehend

Eg: Don’t reproach/ blame him for such a little thing.

blame sb. for sth.

reproach n.

Beyond reproach 無可指責(zé)

Beyond doubt:???毫無疑問

Beyond

understanding 無法理解

Beyonddescription? 無法描述

Eg: The problem is

beyond / above me. 這個問題難倒了我

◆puncture v. 刺破（輪胎）

◆diversion n. 改道奠衔，繞道

◆trial n. 討厭的事谆刨，人

nuisance

trial: 審訊，審判归斤，嘗試痊夭，實驗

Eg: After his

trial, he set out with his new plane. 試飛之后，他開著飛機(jī)出發(fā)了脏里。

◆fraction n. 很小一點兒

◆flourish n. 揮舞（打手勢）

gesticulate v. 打手勢

◆microscopic adj. 微小的

microphone: 麥克風(fēng)

microfilm: 微型膠卷

microwave oven: 微波爐

◆◆◆adamant adj. 堅定的她我，不動搖的

steady: 穩(wěn)定的

Eg: He is living asteady life.

strong-minded /firm / stable

obstinate /stubborn

stable: (人)堅定的

Eg: If you areadamant, nothing is difficult for you to study English.

If you areadamant, you never give up easily.

give up == yield==

surrender: 放棄，投降

yielding /surrendering

unyielding /unsurrendering ==adamant

Eg: He is (so)adamant (as) to stick to his stupid idea.

All the studentshere are adamant enough to study English hard.

【Text】

Lesson 60 Too

early and too late 太早和太晚

Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.

聽錄音迫横，然后回答以下問題番舆。

Why did the younggirl miss the train?

Punctuality is anecessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society. Without it, nothingcould ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos.Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it. Inordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. Theintellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everythingcoordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore forgiven iflate for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for unpunctuality whentheir only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for energetic, quick-mindedpeople to waste time, so they are often tempted to finish a job before settingout to keep an appointment. If no accidents occur on the way, like puncturedtires, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time. Theyare often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never late. Theover-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual. The guest whoarrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance. Some friends of myfamily had this irritating habit. The only thing to do was ask them to comehalf an hour later than the other guests. Then they arrived just when we wantedthem.

If you are citinga train, it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of aminted too late. Although being early may mean wasting a little time, this willbe less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for thenext one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when thetrain is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it. An evenharder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still tosee it go off without you. Such an experience befell a certain young girl thefirst time she was traveling alone.

She entered thestation twenty minutes before the train was due, since her parents hadimpressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause thefriends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her. Shegave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horror he saidthat she was two hours too soon. She felt inhere handbag for the piece of paperon which her father had written down al the details of the journey and gave itto the porter. He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time onthe paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers. Thegirl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have madesuch a mistake. The porter went to fetch one and arrive back with the stationmaster, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic 'o'beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station; this little 'o'indicated that the train only stopped for mail. Just as that moment the traincame into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to beallowed to slip into the guard's van. But the station master was adamant: rulescould not be broken and she had to watch that train disappear towards herdestination while she was left behind.

參考譯文

準(zhǔn)時是文明社會中進(jìn)行一切社交活動時必須養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。不準(zhǔn)時將一事無成矾踱，事事都會陷入混亂不堪的境地恨狈。只有在人口稀少的農(nóng)村，才可以忽視準(zhǔn)時的習(xí)慣呛讲。在日常生活中人們可以容忍一定程度的不準(zhǔn)時禾怠。一個專心鉆研某個復(fù)雜問題的知識分子返奉，為了搞好手頭的研究，要把一切都協(xié)調(diào)一致吗氏，組織周密芽偏。因此，他要是赴宴遲到了會得到諒解牲证。但有些人不準(zhǔn)時常常因為掐鐘點所致哮针，他們常常受到責(zé)備，精力充沛坦袍、頭腦敏捷的人極不愿意浪費(fèi)時間十厢，因此他們常想做完一件事后再去赴約。要是路上沒有發(fā)生如爆胎捂齐、改道蛮放、突然起霧等意外事故，他們決不會遲到奠宜。他們與那些從不遲到的人相比包颁，常常是更勤奮有用的公民。早到的人同遲到的人一樣令人討厭压真∶浣溃客人提前半小時到達(dá)是令人討厭的。我家有幾個朋友就有這有令人惱火的習(xí)慣滴肿。唯一的辦法就是請他們比別的客人晚來半小時岳悟。這樣，他們可以恰好在我們要求的時間到達(dá)泼差。

如果趕火車贵少，早到總比晚到好，哪怕早到一會兒也好堆缘。雖然早到可能意味著浪費(fèi)一點時間滔灶，但這比誤了火車等上一個多小時坐下班車?yán)速M(fèi)的時間要少，而且可以避免那種正好在火車駛出站時趕到車站吼肥，因上不去車而感到的沮喪录平。更難堪的情況是雖然及時趕到站臺上，卻眼睜睜地看著那趟火車啟動潜沦，把你拋下萄涯。一個小姑娘第一次單獨出門就碰到了這種情況。

在火車進(jìn)站20分鐘前她就進(jìn)了車站唆鸡。因為她的父母再三跟她說涝影，如果誤了這趟車，她的東道主朋友就得接她兩趟争占，這是不應(yīng)該的燃逻。她把行李交給搬運(yùn)工并給他看了車票序目。搬運(yùn)工說她早到了兩個小時，她聽后大吃一驚伯襟。她從錢包里摸出一張紙條猿涨，那上面有她父親對這次旅行詳細(xì)說明，她把這張紙條交給了搬運(yùn)工姆怪。搬運(yùn)工說叛赚，正如紙條所說，確有一趟火車在那個時刻到站稽揭，但它只停站裝郵件俺附，不載旅客。姑娘要求看到時刻表溪掀，因為她相信父親不能把這么大的事弄錯事镣。搬運(yùn)工跑回去取時刻表，同時請來了站長揪胃。站長拿著時刻表一揮手璃哟，指著那趟列車到站時刻旁邊一個很小的圓圈標(biāo)記。這個標(biāo)記表示列車是為裝郵件而停車喊递。正在這時随闪，火車進(jìn)站了。女孩淚流滿面骚勘，央求讓她不聲不響地到押車員車廂里去算了蕴掏。但站長態(tài)度堅決，規(guī)章制度不能破壞调鲸，姑娘只得眼看那趟火車消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。

【課文講解】

本篇是論說文挽荡，是考試當(dāng)中常見的一種題型

in civilizedsociety == in modern society

necessary ==essential

背熟：Eg:Mania is a habit we develop for a longtime which is harmless.

bring sth. to

conclusion: 做出結(jié)論

背熟：Without it, nothing could ever be broughtto a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos.

平行句式藐石，平行結(jié)構(gòu)，同義詞的重復(fù)定拟，關(guān)鍵詞的使用

Everything wouldbe in confusion / a state of chaos / disorder

Eg: Hard work isour necessity to study English.

Without it, wecould not get any success. / nothing would be complete.

倒裝：only引導(dǎo)介詞短語于微，時間/條件狀語放在句首，句子要部分倒裝青自。

背熟：In ordinary living, there can be sometolerance of unpunctuality.

in ordinary living== in our dily life

tolerance = thestate to tolerate something terrible.

Nothing can beworse than this.

No forms oftransport could be faster than airplane.

punctual -->unpunctual; punctuality --> unpunctuality

背熟：has everything coordinated and organizedfor the matter in hand.

keep sb. occupied

cut thingsfine? 把時間安排得不留余地株依；掐鐘點

do sth. beforedoing

be tempted to do特別想要做某事

be eager / anxious/ desperate to do

prefer to do

would like to do

would rather / soonerdo

would prefer to do

Eg: I can’t resistthe temptation to buy the beautiful dress.

I’m quite /particularly tempted to buy the buautiful dress.

descent: 降臨

Eg: Darknessdescented very soon.

on time--> keeppunctuality

Some people can beforgiven because of what they do even though they are unpunctual.

背熟：The over-punctual can be as much a trial toothers as the unpunctual.

nuisance -->trial

背熟：The only thing to do was ask them to comehalf an hour later than the other guests.

Eg: The only thingto do is help you in this way.

My job isteaching. / My job is to teach.

如果當(dāng)不定式做表語，主句結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中也出現(xiàn)了不定式延窜，做表語的不定式to符號應(yīng)該被略掉恋腕，以避免重復(fù)。

Eg: The only thingto do is help you in this way.

What I want you todo is help me.

Paragraph 2

What does thewriter aim at?

He just wants toillustrate to show that punctuality is quite important.

The over-punctualis as irritating as the unpunctual, but on some occasions, we’d better keepover-punctuality.

comfortably

mean doing sth.

less

draw up: 停車

draw (pull) out of

station: 離站

背熟：you avoid the frustration of arriving atthe very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unableto get on it.

When we getfaulures over and over again, we always get the frustration inside our heart.

the frustrationinside you can prevent you from doing what you are doing

in good time == ontime

befall: sth. badhappen to

Eg: Such a badexperience befall him.

due: 按照計劃（安排）而正常進(jìn)行

Eg: The meeting isdue to begin at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.

The train is dueto set off at 3 pm.

What happened toher? What befell her?

impress upon sb.

that 再三地叮囑某人repeat sth. over and over again

forgive -->forgivable --> unforgivable

make two journeys

to meet her: 往返兩次做什么

to her horror /terror / fear

on which 定語從句

only,往往表示很遺憾的心情

Eg: I hurry to thestore only to find it was closed.

背熟：The girl asked to see a timetable, feelingsure that her father could not have made such a mistake.

feeling surethat...

be brought up todo / have learnt to do

Eg: We have learntto expect that trains are punctual.

We have been broughtup to eat certain foods.

produce it withflourish

just as: 恰恰在這個時刻

背熟：The girl, tears streaming down her face,begged to be allowed to slip into the guard's van.

背熟：she had to watch that train disappear towardsher destination while she was left behind.

disappear towards:朝著什么什么消失

Punctuality is anecassary habit, we’d better keep punctuality, but you know, over-punctualityis irritating as unpunctuality, but on some occasions, we’d better beover-punctual.

【Vocabulary】P270

Choose five of thefollowing words and phrases and give for each another word or phrase of similarmeaning to that in which the word or phrase is used in the passage: a state ofchaos (l.3); sparsely-populated (l.3); disregard (l.4); reproached (l.8);setting out (l.10); diversions (l.11); destination (l.33).

a state of chaos== confusion / disorder

sparsely-populated:人口稀疏的

overpopulated /

overpeopled:人口眾多的

sparsely == fewpeopled = with not many people

disregard == takeno notice of == pay no attention == ignore

reproached == blamedseverely == reprehended

setting out: 出發(fā)== setting off == starting

set out / start /

set off / make / leave / head for: 出發(fā)去往某處

diversion: 繞道== taking another road to avoid having traffice jam

industrious: 勤勞的== diligent

destination 目的地== terminal

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1? The only people who can afford to neglect theexercise of punctuality are _____ .

a. ordinarycitizens who have nothing to do with publicity

b. people who livein remote places where there are few people

c. intellectualswho have to deal with unexpected problems

d. people who areforced to work overtime in order to finish a job.

neglect ==disregard == ignore

sparselypopulated, few people

Only in asparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard punctuality.

2? People who cut things fine are usually _____.

a. delayed byaccidents on the roads

b. energetic,quick-minded people

c. no moreirritating than the over-punctual

d. reproached forbeing late for appointments

cut things fine /cutted fine / cut time fine

3? The girl was very upset when the train cameinto the station because _____ .

a. her parentswould not forgive her for missing it

b. she had twohours to wait before the next train arrived

c. she was goingto have to make a second journey to reach her destination

d. the stationmaster insisted that passengers were not allowed on to it

Structure

4? Without it, it would be impossible _____ to aconclusion. (l.2)

a. to have everbrought anything??? b. ever to bringanything

c. to bringnothing ever????????????? d. nothing tobe brought ever

it is / will be/would be possible for sb. to do sth.

5? The time you _____ waste through being earlywill be less than ... (l.17)

a. must??? b. might???c. should??? d. can

through: 通過

Eg: Although beingearly may mean wasting a little time

6? If you are catching a train, you _____comfortably early than ... (ll.16-17)

a. are betterbeing??? b. would be better??? c. had better be??? d. will be better to be

had better, 上級對下級或有經(jīng)驗的人對沒有經(jīng)驗的人

7? ---- the frustration of arriving _____ thetrain is drawing out ... (ll.18-19)

a. just as??? b. immediately that??? c. in a while??? d. as soon as

8? And she had to watch that train disappeartowards her destination _____ . (l.33)

a. and left herbehind??? b. and leave behind her??? c. leaving her behind??? d. while it left behind her

Vocabulary

9? In ordinary living, unpunctuality can betolerated ____ ... (ll.4-5)

a. out ofkindness? ??b. on occasion??? c. to a certain extent??? d. in varying degrees

in varying

degrees: 在不同的程度上（不斷變化）

10? The over-punctual can be just as _____ toothers as the unpunctual. (l.12)

a. detestable??? b. trying???c. provident??? d. inconsiderate

trial: 討厭的事

trying adj. 氣人的

detestable: 可恨的逆瑞，可憎的

provident: 有先見之明的荠藤，有深謀遠(yuǎn)慮的

considerate ==

thoughtful: 體貼的伙单，inconsiderate: 沒有慎重考慮的，不周到的

11? ---- since her parents had _____ that itwould be unforgivable ... (ll.22-23)

a. stressed thepoint??? b. given the impression??? c. marked it down??? d. given notice

impress upon: 再三囑托

stress the point

give the

impression: 給某人以印象

12? _____ the train came into the station. (l.31)

a. Only then??? b. Instantly??? c. At that very moment??? d. Precisely

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. B?? 2. B??3. D?? 4. B?? 5．B?? 6. C??7．A??8. C?? 9. C?? 10. B??11. A?? 12. C