6?? Recognition rather than recall
? ??Minimize the user's memory load by making objects, actions, and option visible. The user should not have to remember information from one part of the dialogue to another. Instructions for use of the system should be visible or easily retrievable(可檢索的) whenever appropriate.
?????WHY?
????????- A familiar stimulus(刺激) triggers retrieval(檢索) from long-term memory.
????????- Recall forces users to recreate the chain of associations themselves, or forcefully learn through elaborative rehearsal.??
? ? ? ? - Recall will fail unless remembered actions are frequent, recent, strongly associated.
? ??DIRECT MANIPULATION? ??
? ? Where does recall come up?
7?? Flexibility and Efficiency of Use
? ? Accelerator - unseen by the novice user - may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users. Allow users to tailor frequent actions.
? ??WHY?
????????- Recall is bad for new/infrequent users, but can be fast for experts.
????????- Different users have different goals, allow them to customize.
????ACCELERATORS
????SHORTCUTS(捷徑) and BOOKMARK
????PERSONALIZE
8?? Aesthetic and Minimalist Design
? ? Dialogues should not contain irrelevant or useless information. Every extra unit of information competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility.?
? ??WHY?
????????- Visual clutter makes it harder to find and focus on the desired actions.
????????- Good use of color, shape, motion, and gestalt(形狀) principles guide the eye.
? ? ? ? - The more there is to see, the less of it users will actually see.
? ? GOOD???： Google homepage
9?? Error Recovery
? ? Error messages should be expressed in plain language(no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution.
? ??WHY?
????????- 1??Give feedback
????????- 2??Speak the user's language
? ? ? ? - 3??Allow users to undo and escape from mistakes
? ? ? ? - 5??Prevent and detect errors
????GOOD ??
? ??BAD ??
?? Help and documentation
????It may be necessary to provide help and documentation. Any such information should be easy to search, focused on the user's task, list concrete steps to be carried out, and not be too large.
? ??WHY?
????????- Your UI might not be as self-explanatory as you thought
????????- Structure to support Gulf of Execution.
????GOOD ??
? ? CONTEXTUAL(語境相關(guān)的) HELP
