抽象工廠模式——軟件設(shè)計模式

女媧造人類圖

人類總稱

public interface Human  {
    public void getColor();
    public void talk();
    public void getSex();
}

各色人種

public abstract class AbstractBlackHuman implements Human {
    public void getColor(){
      System.out.println("皮膚的顏色是black");
    }
    public void talk(){
      System.out.println("黑人說話");
    }
}
public abstract class AbstractWhiteHuman implements Human {
    public void getColor(){
      System.out.println("皮膚的顏色是white");
    }
    public void talk(){
      System.out.println("白人說話");
    }
}
public abstract class AbstractYellowHuman implements Human {
    public void getColor(){
      System.out.println("皮膚的顏色是yellow");
    }
    public void talk(){
      System.out.println("黃種人說話");
    }
}

黃色女性人種

public class FemaleYellowHuman extends AbstractYellowHuman{
  public void getSex(){
    System.out.println("女性");
  }
}

黃色男性人種

public class MaleYellowHuman extends AbstractYellowHuman{
  public void getSex(){
    System.out.println("男性");
  }
}

人類創(chuàng)建工廠接口

public interface HumanFactory  {
  public Human createYellowHuman();
  public Human createWhiteHuman();
  public Human createBlackHuman();
}

人類創(chuàng)造工廠

public class FemaleHumanFactory extends HumanFactory {
  public Human createYellowHuman(){
    return new FemaleBlackHuman();
  }
  public Human createBlackHuman(){
    return new FemaleYellowHuman();
  }
  public Human createWhiteHuman(){
    return new FemaleWhiteHuman();
  }
}
public class MaleHumanFactory extends HumanFactory {
  public Human createYellowHuman(){
    return new MaleBlackHuman();
  }
  public Human createBlackHuman(){
    return new MaleYellowHuman();
  }
  public Human createWhiteHuman(){
    return new MaleWhiteHuman();
  }
}

場景類

public class NvWa{
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    HumanFactory maleHumanFactory = new MaleHumanFactory();
    HumanFactory femaleHumanFactory = new FemaleHumanFactory();
    maleHumanFactory.createWhiteHuman();
    maleHumanFactory.createYellowHuman();
    maleHumanFactory.createBlackHuman();
    femaleHumanFactory.createWhiteHuman();
    femaleHumanFactory.createYellowHuman();
    femaleHumanFactory.createBlackHuman();
  }
}

抽象工廠方式的定義

Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.
為創(chuàng)建一組相關(guān)或者相互依賴的對象提供一個接口，而且無需制定它們的具體

抽象工廠模式

• 抽象工廠模式是工廠方法模式的升級版本
• 多個業(yè)務(wù)品種五垮、業(yè)務(wù)分類

抽象產(chǎn)品類

public abstract class AbstractProductA{
  //每個產(chǎn)品共有的方法
  public void sharedMethod(){
    //code to do something
  }
  //每個產(chǎn)品相同方法放仗，不同實現(xiàn)
  public abstract void doSomething();
}
public abstract class AbstractProductB{
  //每個產(chǎn)品共有的方法
  public void sharedMethod(){
    //code to do something
  }
  //每個產(chǎn)品相同方法撬碟，不同實現(xiàn)
  public abstract void doSomething();
}

產(chǎn)品實現(xiàn)類

public class ProductA1 extends AbstractProductA{
  public void doSomething(){
    System.out.println("產(chǎn)品A1的實現(xiàn)方法");
  }
}
public class ProductA2 extends AbstractProductA{
  public void doSomething(){
    System.out.println("產(chǎn)品A2的實現(xiàn)方法");
  }
}
public class ProductB1 extends AbstractProductA{
  public void doSomething(){
    System.out.println("產(chǎn)品B1的實現(xiàn)方法");
  }
}
public class ProductB2 extends AbstractProductA{
  public void doSomething(){
    System.out.println("產(chǎn)品B2的實現(xiàn)方法");
  }
}

抽象工廠類

public abstract class AbstractCreator{
  public abstract AbstractProductA createProductA();
  public abstract AbstractProductB createProductB();
}

工廠實現(xiàn)類

public class Creator1 extends AbstractCreator{
  public AbstractProductA createProductA(){
    return new ProductA1();
  }
  public AbstractProductA createProductB(){
    return new ProductB1();
  }
}
public class Creator2 extends AbstractCreator{
  public AbstractProductA createProductA(){
    return new ProductA2();
  }
  public AbstractProductA createProductB(){
    return new ProductB2();
  }
}

場景類Client

public class Client{
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    //定義兩個工廠
    AbstractCreator creator1 = new Creator1();
    AbstractCreator creator2 = new Creator2();
    AbstractProductA a1 = creator1.createProductA();
    AbstractProductA a2 = creator2.createProductA();
    AbstractProductA b1 = creator1.createProductB();
    AbstractProductA b2 = creator2.createProductB();
    /**
     * 業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
     */
  }
}

抽象工廠模式的優(yōu)缺點

抽象工廠模式的優(yōu)點

• 封裝性：高層模塊只關(guān)心工廠類是誰，不考慮產(chǎn)品類
• 產(chǎn)品族內(nèi)的約束為非公開狀態(tài)

抽象工廠模式的缺點

• 產(chǎn)品族擴(kuò)展非常困難

抽象工廠模式的使用場景

• 涉及到不同操作系統(tǒng)的時候其障，都可以考慮使用抽象工廠模式