1著拭、配置YUM源
在MySQL官網(wǎng)中下載YUM源rpm安裝包:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
#下載mysql源安裝包shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm#安裝mysql源shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
檢查mysql源是否安裝成功
shell> yum repolist enabled| grep "mysql.*-community.*"
看到上圖所示表示安裝成功
shell> yum install mysql-community-server
shell> systemctl start mysqld
查看MySQL的啟動(dòng)狀態(tài)
shell> systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since五2016-06-24 04:37:37 CST; 35min ago
Main PID: 2888 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─2888 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
6月24 04:37:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...6月24 04:37:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
shell> systemctl enable mysqldshell> systemctl daemon-reload
mysql安裝完成之后信轿,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中給root生成了一個(gè)默認(rèn)密碼。通過下面的方式找到root默認(rèn)密碼曹铃,然后登錄mysql進(jìn)行修改:
shell> grep'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
shell> mysql-uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIEDBY'MyNewPass4!';
通過登錄mysql系統(tǒng)缰趋,#mysql -uroot -pEnter password:【輸入原來的密碼】mysql>use mysql;mysql>update user set password=passworD("test") where user='root';mysql>flush privileges;mysql>exit;
或者
mysql>set password for'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!');
注意:mysql5.7默認(rèn)安裝了密碼安全檢查插件(validate_password),默認(rèn)密碼檢查策略要求密碼必須包含:大小寫字母陕见、數(shù)字和特殊符號(hào)秘血,并且長(zhǎng)度不能少于8位。否則會(huì)提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements錯(cuò)誤评甜,如下圖所示:
通過msyql環(huán)境變量可以查看密碼策略的相關(guān)信息:
mysql> show variableslike'%password%';
validate_password_policy:密碼策略灰粮,默認(rèn)為MEDIUM策略validate_password_dictionary_file:密碼策略文件,策略為STRONG才需要validate_password_length:密碼最少長(zhǎng)度validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小寫字符長(zhǎng)度忍坷,至少1個(gè)validate_password_number_count:數(shù)字至少1個(gè)validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1個(gè)上述參數(shù)是默認(rèn)策略MEDIUM的密碼檢查規(guī)則粘舟。
共有以下幾種密碼策略:
策略檢查規(guī)則
0 or LOWLength
1 or MEDIUMLength; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
2 or STRONGLength; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file
MySQL官網(wǎng)密碼策略詳細(xì)說明:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy
在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密碼策略
#選擇0(LOW)承匣,1(MEDIUM)蓖乘,2(STRONG)其中一種,選擇2需要提供密碼字典文件
validate_password_policy=0
如果不需要密碼策略韧骗,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:
validate_password =off
重新啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)使配置生效:
systemctl restart mysqld
默認(rèn)只允許root帳戶在本地登錄,如果要在其它機(jī)器上連接mysql袍暴,必須修改root允許遠(yuǎn)程連接些侍,或者添加一個(gè)允許遠(yuǎn)程連接的帳戶隶症,為了安全起見,我添加一個(gè)新的帳戶:
mysql> GRANTALL PRIVILEGESON *.* TO'yangxin'@'%' IDENTIFIEDBY'Yangxin0917!'WITH GRANT OPTION;
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件蚂会,在[mysqld]下添加編碼配置,如下所示:
[mysqld]character_set_server=utf8init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
重新啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)耗式,查看數(shù)據(jù)庫默認(rèn)編碼如下所示:
默認(rèn)配置文件路徑:配置文件:/etc/my.cnf日志文件:/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log服務(wù)啟動(dòng)腳本:/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service? socket文件:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid