一承二、Warm-Up
1. memorable adj. 值得紀念的霉颠，難忘的
We have compiled many memorable quotes by Winston Churchill over the years. 一直以來我們收集了許多溫斯頓丘吉爾的名言辞友。
memorable 的名詞是 memory n. 記憶
2. rumor n. 謠言靶病；傳聞
Stop spreading rumors online.
一個rumor的常見用法：Rumor has it that... 大家都說……
Rumor has it that he is going to be the next CEO. 大家都傳聞他將會成為下一任CEO躲舌。
3. struggle with 與……打斗丑婿；與……抗爭
Winston Churchill struggled with a speech impediment early in life.
struggle with 一般表示與什么苦苦抗爭，可以是疾病、生活中的難題等羹奉；單獨用struggle 可以用 struggle to do 表示努力（掙扎著）做某事毅贮；
I am struggling to understand what he said. 我竭力弄懂他說了什么。
4. stutter vi. 結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說話
He stutters a little, so be patient and let him finish what he's saying. 他有點結(jié)巴尘奏，請耐心一些等他說完。
stutter除了指人說話結(jié)巴之外病蛉，還可以指機器突然卡殼炫加，運轉(zhuǎn)不連續(xù)了。
Suddenly the engine stuttered and then it stopped completely. 突然這個引擎突突的轉(zhuǎn)了幾聲铺然，然后徹底停了下來俗孝。
5. defect n. 缺點，缺陷魄健；不足之處
Stuttering is not a serious defect, practice and perseverance alone will help. 口吃不是什么重大缺陷赋铝，只要多練習(xí)、有毅力沽瘦，就可以改善革骨。
Defect 后面一般用 in 表示……方面地缺陷
There are so many defects in the new system. 新的系統(tǒng)有太多缺陷了。
6. convincing adj. 令人信服的析恋；有說服力的
Churchill achieved great success thanks to his convincing speeched. 丘吉爾取得了巨大的成功良哲，得益于他令人信服的演講。
convincing 的動詞形式是convince, 意思是說服助隧、使相信筑凫。
7. evident adj. 明顯的；明白的
His love for his daughter was evident in all that he did. 他所做的一切都清楚地表明了對她的愛并村。
一個很常見的用法是：It is evident that... 很明顯……巍实，很顯而易見
It is evident that he has a crush on her. 很明顯，他暗戀她哩牍。
8. asset n. 優(yōu)點棚潦；有利條件
He encouraged those who suffered from their own disabilities by proving that disadvantages can be turned into assets. 他證明了不足之處可以被轉(zhuǎn)化為優(yōu)點，從而鼓勵了那些苦苦掙扎于自己的不足的人們姐叁。
在此處 asset 是“優(yōu)點”的意思瓦盛，優(yōu)點還可以是advantage. "優(yōu)點與缺點“一般可以用 pros and cons.
get rid of 消除；去掉外潜；擺脫
Have you got rid of your old car? 你處理了你的二手車嗎原环？
9. down through the ages 千百年來；歷史上
As a great man down through the ages, Martin Luther King encouraged so many people to fight for equality. 作為歷史上的偉人处窥，馬丁路德金鼓舞了許多人為了平等而戰(zhàn)嘱吗。
一個動詞短語是 echo down/through the ages 在千百年間回響，引申義是”非常重要“。
His thoughts have echoed down the ages. 他的思想在歷史的長河中激蕩谒麦。
10. regard as 視為俄讹；看待
He continues to be regarded as one of the greatest writers in the world.他一直被視為是世上最優(yōu)秀的作家。
be regarded as... 被視為绕德，被看成患膛。
也可以使用be viewed as...
Her parents always regarded her as the smartest child in the world. 她的父母一直將她視為是世上最聰明的孩子。
他被廣泛地譽為時尚之父耻蛇。
He was widely regarded as the father of fashion.
11. this is the case with ... ……就是這樣
Believe it or not, this was the case with Churchill. 無論你信不信踪蹬，丘吉爾就是這樣的例子。
Believe it or not 信不信由你
如果只用 this is the case, 一般指”情況就是這樣“臣咖。
If that is the case then I will be very disappointed. 如果是那樣地話跃捣，我會非常失望。
If this/that is the case... 如果情況是這樣/那樣……
如果是那樣地話夺蛇，為什么你不是一個素食主義者呢疚漆？
If that is the case, why aren't you a vegetarian?
12. With that said/ having said that...?
With that said, rumor of Winston Churchill having a speech impediment have always been linked to stuttering, but the truth is that Churchill suffered from a lisp. 如此說來，有關(guān)丘吉爾患有語言障礙地傳言一直與口吃有關(guān)刁赦，但事實上娶聘，丘吉爾有咬舌地毛病，這才是困擾他地問題截型。
傳聞丘吉爾說話結(jié)巴趴荸，但是其實他是有l(wèi)isp, 即咬舌。這個毛病指的是發(fā)不好s,z這一系列的音宦焦，有點像我們的”大舌頭“发钝。
With that said 一般用于承接上文所說的話，起過度的作用波闹，也可以作with that being said.
注意幾個類似的表達：
a. with that said... 前后是承接關(guān)系酝豪，即”如此說來“
b. Having said that... 后面接的是轉(zhuǎn)折的內(nèi)容，即”話雖然這么說精堕，但……”
The red pen is cheaper and of higher quality. Having said that, I am going to take the blue one because I love blue. 紅色的鋼筆更便宜孵淘，質(zhì)量也更好。話雖然這么說歹篓，我還是要買藍色的那支瘫证，因為我喜歡藍色。
Much of the book was very dull. Having said that, I have to admit that the ending was extremely clever. 這本書大體上比較無聊庄撮，但是我得承認它的結(jié)尾很巧妙背捌。
The situation in the Sahara Desert is extremely dangerous. That being so, I will avoid going there. 撒哈拉沙漠很危險，所以我盡可能不去那里洞斯。
這里that being so 是“所以”的意思毡庆，即解釋情況，相當(dāng)于“as a result","so".
他會說英語，日語么抗，中文和法語毅否。所以，在國外工作對他來說就是小菜一碟蝇刀。
He speaks English, Japanese, Chinese and French. That being so, working aboard is just a piece of cake for him.
a piece of cake 小菜一碟
一般地道的表達中螟加，”我會說英文“不用說成”I can speak English" ，直接說“I speak English"就可以了
13. despite
Despite this, Churchill was never able to fully get rid of his lisp and always described himself as tongue-tied, and it was very evident that he struggled to keep it under control. 盡管如此吞琐，丘吉爾一直沒有擺脫咬舌的困擾仰迁，他總是稱自己舌頭打結(jié)了，而且很顯然顽分，他費了很大的勁控制自己的咬舌習(xí)慣。
despite + n. 表示盡管……
也可以用in spite of + n.
despite 與 in spite of 后面加名詞施蜜，或者 doing卒蘸。但是不加句子，如果想要加句子翻默，就要用despite the fact that... 或者 in spite of the fact that...
He has already eaten an enormous breakfast. Despite that, he managed to eat a big lunch just now. 盡管已經(jīng)吃了一頓豐盛的早餐缸沃，中飯的時候他還是吃下了一大餐。
a. despite + n./doing 表示盡管……也可以用 in spite of + n./doing
b. 最常用的修械，是despite that 盡管那樣趾牧，despite this 盡管這樣。
c. 如果想要加句子肯污，就要用despite the fact that... 或者 in spite of the fact that...
盡管又冷又下雨翘单，這依舊是一個很難忘的經(jīng)歷。
Despite the coldness and the rain, it was still a memorable experience.
14. rehearse v. 排練蹦渣；反復(fù)講述
In order to improve his condition, he practiced constantly. For example, he worked very hard on his pronunciation of "s" by rehearsing phrases such as "The Spanish ships I cannot see for they are not in sight". 為了改善自己的情況哄芜，他堅持練習(xí)。比如柬唯，他一遍又一遍地讀某些句子认臊，努力地改變自己”s"的發(fā)音。
丘吉爾的逆襲離不開一次又一次的辛勤練習(xí)锄奢，那么除了practice constantly, work hard 之外還可以怎樣形容一個人辛勤努力呢失晴？
She is definitely burning the candle at both ends. She's been getting to the office early and staying very late to work on some big project. 她特別努力，每天早早地來到辦公室拘央，又忙到很晚才走涂屁，都是為了某個大項目。
burn the candle at both ends 形容一個人殫精竭慮堪滨、透支自己胯陋，類似于一個蠟燭從兩頭把自己點燃，有一種“蠟炬成灰淚始干”的悲壯。
I can't believe you already finished this project and you have done much more than we asked you to do. You have really gone the extra mile. 真不敢相信你已經(jīng)完成工作了遏乔，大大超過了我們的預(yù)期义矛。
go the extra mile 表示超預(yù)期地做事，比如健身教練讓你每天跑30分鐘盟萨，你跑了45 分鐘凉翻，教練就可以說：“You really go the extra mile!"
她不僅完成了自己地任務(wù)，還每天都超額地工作捻激。她真的是在嘔心瀝血了制轰！
She not only finished her own work, but also went the extra mile every day. She is really burning the candle at both ends!
二、Translate
1. 他曾被譽為鋼琴之父胞谭。
He was regarded as the father of the piano.
a. be regarded as... 被譽為……
b. the father of the piano 鋼琴之父
2. 他真的是非常努力垃杖，每天都彈鋼琴十個小時以上。
He was really burning the candle at both ends, playing the piano for over ten hours every day.
burn the candle at both ends 努力工作丈屹；殫精竭慮
3. 有傳聞?wù)f调俘，他一生都在與聽力缺陷做斗爭。這個缺陷對于每個音樂家來說都是可怕的旺垒。
Rumor has it that he had been struggling with hearing loss for his whole life. This defect was terrible for every musician.
a. rumor has it that... 有傳聞?wù)f
b. struggle with 與……斗爭
c. defect n. 缺陷
4. 但是盡管如此彩库，他依舊對音樂史做出了巨大貢獻。
But despite this, he still made great contribution to the history of music.
a. despite this 盡管如此
b. contribute to/ make contribution to 對……做貢獻
5. 作為一個震古爍今的人先蒋，他鼓勵了很多人去追尋夢想骇钦。
As a man down through the ages, he encouraged many people to chase their dreams.
a. down through the ages 在歷史上流傳的
b. encourage sb. to do 鼓勵某人做某事
c. chase one's dreams 追尋夢想
