public static LocationManager locationManager;
    public static final int UPDATELOCATION = 12121;
    public static final int SHOWDIALOG = 21212;
//    public static final ArrayList<String> dperms = new ArrayList<String>(
//            Arrays.asList("android.permission.READ_CALENDAR", "android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR",
//                    "android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION",
//                    "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION", "android.permission.CALL_PHONE",
//                    "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
//                    "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
//                    "android.permission.SEND_SMS"));
    
    public static final HashMap<String,Integer> mperms = new HashMap<String,Integer>(){
        {
            put("android.permission.READ_CALENDAR",0);
            put("android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR",1);
            put("android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION",2);
            put("android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION",3);
            put("android.permission.CALL_PHONE",4);
            put("android.permission.READ_CALENDAR",5);
            put("android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",6);
            put("android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",7);
            put("android.permission.SEND_SMS",8);
        }
    };

    public static Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.dialogrecr.SHOW_DAILOG");

    public static final String RESULT_FILE = "/data/data/com.example.dialogrecr/files/result_file.txt";
    public static final String DATA_FILE = "/data/data/com.example.dialogrecr/files/data.arff";
    public static final String TARGET_FILE = "/data/data/com.example.dialogrecr/files/target.arff";
    public static long lastChngTime = 0;

    public static String head = "@relation target\n"
            + "@attribute packagename numeric\n"
            + "@attribute time numeric\n"
            + "@attribute latitude numeric\n"
            + "@attribute longitude numeric\n"
            + "@attribute permission numeric\n"
            + "@attribute action {0,1}\n"
            + "@data\n";

    @Override
    public int checkPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid) {
        final String _perm = permission;
        boolean isDenied = true;

        if (permission == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("permission is null");
        }

        if (uid > 10052 && mperms.containsKey(permission)) {

            System.out.println(permission + " " + uid);
            locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);

            if (locationManager == null) {
                System.out.println("locationManager is null");
            } else {
                final Handler handler = new Handler(getMainLooper()) {
                    @Override
                    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                        switch (msg.what) {
                            case UPDATELOCATION:
                            {
                                getLocation(_perm);
                                
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        super.handleMessage(msg);
                    }
                };

                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        Message msg = new Message();
                        msg.what = UPDATELOCATION;
                        handler.sendMessage(msg);
                    };
                }).start();

                System.out.println("-----debug-----");
            }

            if (getFileLineNumber(DATA_FILE) < 18) {
                System.out.println("-----contextImpl less than 18-----");
                isDenied = (readFile(RESULT_FILE) == 1) ? false : true;
            } else {
                // J48
                System.out.println("-----J48-----");
                try {
                    if(CallJ48()==1){
                        isDenied = false;
                        System.out.println("isDenied = false");
                    }else{
                        isDenied = true;
                        System.out.println("isDenied = true");
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.out.println("J48 has Exception:");
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            if (isDenied) {
                System.out.println("-----deny-----");
                return PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
            } else {
                System.out.println("-----allow-----");
                return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
            }
        }

        try {
            return ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().checkPermission(
                    permission, pid, uid);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            return PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
        }

    }
    
    public int _parseInt(String str){
        int result = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
            result+=(int)str.charAt(i);
        }
        return result;
    }

    public int CallJ48() throws Exception{
        int result = 0;
        
        Classifier m_classifier = new J48();
        File inputFile = new File(DATA_FILE);//訓(xùn)練語(yǔ)料文件
        ArffLoader atf = new ArffLoader();
        atf.setFile(inputFile);
        System.out.println("+++++loaded train file+++++");
        Instances instancesTrain = atf.getDataSet(); // 讀入訓(xùn)練文件
        inputFile = new File(TARGET_FILE);//測(cè)試語(yǔ)料文件
        atf.setFile(inputFile);
        System.out.println("+++++loaded target file+++++");
        Instances instancesTest = atf.getDataSet(); // 讀入測(cè)試文件
        instancesTest.setClassIndex(5); //設(shè)置分類屬性所在行號(hào)（第一行為0號(hào)），instancesTest.numAttributes()可以取得屬性總數(shù)
        int sum = instancesTest.numInstances();//測(cè)試語(yǔ)料實(shí)例數(shù)
        System.out.println("+++++J48 sum = "+sum);
        instancesTrain.setClassIndex(5); // 設(shè)置那個(gè)屬性是類別屬性

        m_classifier.buildClassifier(instancesTrain); //訓(xùn)練
        
        result = (int) m_classifier.classifyInstance(instancesTest.instance(sum-1));
        
        System.out.println("J48 result = "+result);
        
        return result;
    }
    
    public String getTopActivity()
    {
        ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        List<RunningTaskInfo> runningTaskInfos = manager.getRunningTasks(1);

        if (runningTaskInfos != null)
            return (runningTaskInfos.get(0).topActivity).getClassName();
        else
            return null;
    }

    public int readFile(String name) {

        int reslt = 0;

        File file = new File(name);
        if (file.exists()) {
            BufferedReader reader = null;
            try {
                System.out.println("以行為單位讀取文件內(nèi)容谴古，一次讀一整行：");
                reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
                String tempString = null;
                // 一次讀入一行，直到讀入null為文件結(jié)束
                if ((tempString = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    reslt = Integer.parseInt(tempString);
                    System.out.println("result = " + reslt);
                } else {
                    System.out.println("result is empty");
                }
                reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (reader != null) {
                    try {
                        reader.close();
                    } catch (IOException e1) {
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("read file not exits ");
        }

        return reslt;
    }

    // override write
    public void writeFile(String name,String content) {
        File file = new File(name);
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
        try {
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(name,false));
            bw.write(head+content);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally{
            file = null;
            try {
                bw.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public int getFileLineNumber(String fileName) {
        int count = 0;
        try {
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName));
            while ((br.readLine()) != null) {
                count++;
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(fileName + " doesnt exit!");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return count;
    }

    public int getTime() {
        long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Calendar mCalendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        mCalendar.setTimeInMillis(time);
        int mHour = mCalendar.get(Calendar.HOUR);
        return mHour;
    }

    public void getLocation(final String _perm) {
        Location location = locationManager
                .getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
        if (location != null) {
            System.out.println("current location is " + location);
        }
        locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 3000, 1,
                new LocationListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
                        String pname = getTopActivity();
                        System.out.println("packageName=" + pname);

                        String rule = _parseInt(pname) + " " + getTime() + " " + location.getLatitude() + " "
                                + location.getLongitude() + " " + mperms.get(_perm) + " 0";
                        
                        writeFile(TARGET_FILE,rule);
                        System.out.println("-----contextImpl write target.arff-----");
                        
                        intent.putExtra("package_name", pname);
                        intent.putExtra("location",
                                location.getLatitude() + "&" + location.getLongitude());
                        intent.putExtra("permission", _perm);
                        sendBroadcast(intent);
                        System.out.println("current location is " + location);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
                    }
                }
                );

    }