TED | Do Schools Kill Creativity?-1 | Break "Hierarchy of Subjects"
TED | 學(xué)校是否扼殺了創(chuàng)新力？-1 | 打破學(xué)科等級(jí)制度
每天堅(jiān)持半小時(shí)玄括，2017一起進(jìn)步冯丙。
1）GRE/TOEFL/IELTS寫作題目引出話題；
2）賞析TED精彩段落，中英對(duì)照胃惜、高亮表達(dá)泞莉；
3）總結(jié)破題思路，提供寫作參考范文段落船殉；
TOEFL—Writing
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Younger school children (aged five to ten) should be required to study art and music in addition to math, language, science and history. (2009-05-30 NA)
五到十歲的孩子除了學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)鲫趁、語言、科技和歷史之外利虫，是否應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)和音樂挨厚？
TOEFL—Speaking
Your friend is studying in a business school now, but he likes playing musical instrument. Which suggestion would you give to your friend? To keep studying business, or to learn to play music?
(2013-03-08 NA)
正在攻讀商科的朋友非常喜歡樂器，你建議他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)商科還是開始學(xué)習(xí)音樂糠惫？
IELTS—Writing
Schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (2010-05-8 A)
學(xué)校應(yīng)該教授一些能為協(xié)助學(xué)生們未來就業(yè)的專業(yè)科目疫剃，有人認(rèn)為音樂和體育沒有價(jià)值，你同意嗎硼讽？
GRE—Writing
In order to become well-rounded individuals, all college students should be required to take courses in which they read poetry, novels, mythology, and other types of imaginative literature.
為了追求全面發(fā)展巢价，所有的大學(xué)學(xué)生都應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)詩歌、小說固阁、神話以及其他類型的想象類型文學(xué)作品壤躲，你同意嗎？
這些來自各種考試類型的寫作备燃、口語題目碉克，都向我們拋出了同一個(gè)主題：
我們應(yīng)該如何設(shè)計(jì)教育課程體系？
藝術(shù)赚爵、音樂棉胀、文學(xué)以及體育這些非剛需學(xué)科的價(jià)值究竟在哪里法瑟？
為了追求高分冀膝、學(xué)業(yè)成功，甚至為了節(jié)省時(shí)間霎挟、精力窝剖，我們是否應(yīng)該放棄這些學(xué)科？
與以往過于功利和現(xiàn)實(shí)的思路不同酥夭，Ken Robinson在他的TED演講中非常嚴(yán)肅地討論了這個(gè)主題赐纱，他認(rèn)為：
When people travel around the world, something strikes you: every education system on earth has the same?hierarchy of subjects. On the top are mathematics and languages, then the humanities, and at the bottom are the arts.
And in pretty much every system too, there’s a hierarchy within the arts. Art and music?are?normally?given a higher status?in schools than drama and dance. There isn’t an education system on the planet that teaches dance everyday the way they teach mathematics.
Why? I think math is very important, so is dance.
環(huán)視全世界，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)令人驚訝的情況：地球上每一個(gè)教育體系都有同樣的“學(xué)科等級(jí)制度”熬北。數(shù)學(xué)和語言在這個(gè)金字塔的頂端疙描，人文類學(xué)科居后，藝術(shù)類學(xué)科墊底讶隐。
而在每一個(gè)藝術(shù)類學(xué)科內(nèi)部起胰，也有一個(gè)“等級(jí)制度”。藝術(shù)和音樂比戲劇和舞蹈的地位更高巫延。全世界任何一個(gè)教育體系中效五，沒有老師會(huì)像每天教孩子們數(shù)學(xué)那樣教孩子們學(xué)跳舞地消。
為什么會(huì)這樣呢？我覺得數(shù)學(xué)很重要畏妖，但是舞蹈也同樣不可忽視脉执。
What’s for, public education? I think you’d have to conclude, if you look at the?output—who really succeeds by this, who does everything they should, who get all the brownie points, who are the winners—I think you’d have to conclude the whole purpose of public education throughout the world is to produce university professors. They are the people who come on to the top. But we shouldn’t hold them up as the?high-water mark?of all human achievement. That’s just a form of life.
公共教育的目的究竟是什么？我們得承認(rèn)戒劫，如果只看結(jié)果的話——哪些人能獲得成功半夷，能充分被挖掘潛能，能取得高分迅细，能成為最終的勝利者——那么我們的結(jié)論是：全世界教育的目的其實(shí)是為了培養(yǎng)大學(xué)教授玻熙，好像只有他們才是生物鏈頂端的存在。但是疯攒，我們絕對(duì)不應(yīng)該把這些大學(xué)教授當(dāng)成人類成就的標(biāo)桿嗦随。他們也只是很多種生活方式中的一種而已。
Truthfully, what happens is as children grow up, we start to educate them?progressively from the waist up. And then we focus on their heads and more often than not slightly to one side.
事實(shí)上敬尺，在孩子長大的過程中枚尼，我們開始對(duì)他們腰部以上進(jìn)行教育，更關(guān)注他們腦部的發(fā)展砂吞。而且署恍，往往更強(qiáng)調(diào)半個(gè)大腦的開發(fā)。
是的蜻直，我們需要一個(gè)全面的教育體系盯质。輕視和放棄藝術(shù)、音樂概而、體育競(jìng)技這些非剛需的學(xué)科意味著我們局限了未來發(fā)展的方向呼巷、剝奪了對(duì)未來生活方式的選擇權(quán)利。
感興趣的話赎瑰，請(qǐng)嘗試翻譯以下段落王悍。
無論是五到十歲的小孩子，還是已經(jīng)成年的大學(xué)生餐曼，都應(yīng)該在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)压储、音樂和體育。換句話說源譬，我們應(yīng)該打破傳統(tǒng)的“學(xué)科等級(jí)制度”集惋，把這些看似不夠具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的學(xué)科提升到它們應(yīng)得的位置。
因?yàn)椴饶铮逃哪康牟粌H僅是為了培養(yǎng)象牙塔中的學(xué)者們刮刑，他們固然扮演者推動(dòng)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的重要角色。教育的成果還包括其他行業(yè)的人們——音樂家，畫家为朋，運(yùn)動(dòng)員臂拓，他們同樣值得我們尊重。我們絕對(duì)不應(yīng)該把這些大學(xué)教授當(dāng)成人類成就的標(biāo)桿习寸。他們也只是很多種生活方式中的一種而已胶惰。當(dāng)教育體系剝奪了藝術(shù)、音樂霞溪、體育的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)孵滞，相當(dāng)于扼殺了孩子們做出開發(fā)愛好的機(jī)會(huì)和選擇生活方式的權(quán)利。
Art, music and sports should be?a compulsory part of?education for both younger school children aged five to ten and mature college students. That is to say, we shouldput an end to?conventional "hierarchy of subjects", which?puts more emphasis on?math and language than arts and music. Educators need to?elevate?these seemingly useless subjects?to a higher position?that they richly deserved.
The purpose of education lies in not only nurturing professors in the ivory tower, though no doubt they?are entitled as?the driving force behind the social progress. Education also aims at cultivating active and passionate participants involved in other fields, such as musicians and painters worth acknowledgement and respect. We shouldn’t?hold?professors?up?as the high-water mark of all human achievement. That’s just a form of life, in the midst of a variety. The truth is when?deprived of?the chance to get in touch with art and music, accordingly children?are robbed from?the opportunity to?explore their potential?as well as the right to choose their own way of living.
