原文：Acquiring the Right Cloud Skills Will Be Major Challenge for IT in 2019

As the rate at which applications are being either built on or shifted into the cloud accelerates

隨著應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)建或遷移到云中的速度加快

1. the rate at which ...的速度

it’s become clear that IT organizations will need to more aggressively either develop new skills internally or recruit IT professionals that already have them.

很明顯攒读，IT組織需要更積極地在內(nèi)部開發(fā)新技能或招募已經(jīng)擁有這些技能的IT專業(yè)人員。

1. aggressively 積極的
2. recruit 招募碘耳，招聘
3. professional adj,n 專業(yè)人員

Recruiting that talent, however, is likely to be a major challenge as the number and types of cloud computing platforms being employed continues to rapidly evolve.

然而谐腰，隨著所使用的云計算平臺的數(shù)量和類型繼續(xù)快速發(fā)展孕豹，招募人才可能是一項重大挑戰(zhàn)。

1. talent 人才(注意無s)
2. is likely to be 很有可能
3. major challenge 重大挑戰(zhàn)(不要說big challenge)
4. being employed 被采用的（不要說 being used）
5. evolve 發(fā)展變化（不要用change十气，因為此處有進步的含義）

The first wave of cloud computing essentially replicated existing IT environments by allowing virtual machines to be programmatically spun up in the cloud.

第一波云計算通過允許虛擬機在云中可被編程的運行励背，從根本上復(fù)制了現(xiàn)有的IT環(huán)境。

1. be programmatically spun up 可被編程的運行

The second wave of cloud computing will be driven by microservices enabled by containers and serverless computing frameworks.

第二波云計算將由容器和無服務(wù)器計算框架支持的微服務(wù)驅(qū)動砸西。

The trouble is that there are even fewer IT professionals available with the DevOps skills to master these emerging so-called “cloud native” technologies than there are currently IT professionals that have mastered the nuances of managing virtual machines or a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) environment running in the cloud.

麻煩的是叶眉，擁有DevOps技能的IT專業(yè)人員甚至更少址儒，可以掌握這些新興的所謂“云原生”技術(shù)，而不是目前已經(jīng)掌握了管理虛擬機或平臺的細微差別的IT專業(yè)人員衅疙。 在云中運行的服務(wù)（PaaS）環(huán)境莲趣。

1. professionals with the ... skills 具有..技能的專家
2. emerging technologies 不斷浮現(xiàn)，不斷產(chǎn)生的饱溢，新興的技術(shù)
3. native 原生的

A survey of 124 IT leaders conducted by OpsRamp, a provider of IT operations management software, finds IT job candidates with solid skills in DevOps/site reliability engineering (33 percent), multi-cloud management (24 percent) and cloud-native development (22 percent) are in the most demand.

由IT運營管理軟件提供商OpsRamp對124位IT領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者進行的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)喧伞，IT職業(yè)候選人在DevOps /站點可靠性工程（33％），多云管理（24％）和云原生態(tài)開發(fā)方面具有扎實的技能（ 22％）是最需要的绩郎。

1. solid skills in 在..方面的扎實技能
2. be in the most demand 是最需要的

A third of respondents say that they are finding it difficult to find IT professionals with these skills, while well over a third of respondents (38 percent) describe their skill shortage as being quite large.

三分之一的受訪者表示他們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到具備這些技能的IT專業(yè)人員絮识，而超過三分之一的受訪者（38％）表示他們的技能短缺程度非常大。

1. respondent 受訪者
2. well over 大大超過
   3 shortage is large 非常短缺

比較：
describe their skill shortage as being quite large.
said that their skill shortage is quite large

A significant part of the problem is that most IT organizations still rely on ITIL frameworks that are not as flexible as DevOps processes, says Jordan Sher, director of corporate marketing for OpsRamp.

OpsRamp公司營銷總監(jiān)Jordan Sher表示嗽上，問題的一個重要部分是大多數(shù)IT組織仍然依賴于不像DevOps流程那樣靈活的ITIL框架。

1. rely on 依賴

比較：
a significant part of the problem 問題的一個重要方面
a significant problem 一個重要問題

The need to be more agile will require IT organizations to find new IT talent that can be expensive to hire, or retrain their existing staffs while at the same time relying more on artificial intelligence (AI) to automate IT process, says Sher.

Sher表示熄攘，這種要變得更加敏捷訴求則需要IT組織找到新的IT人才兽愤，這些人才可能是昂貴的，或者重新培訓(xùn)他們現(xiàn)有的員工挪圾，同時更多地依靠人工智能（AI）來實現(xiàn)IT流程的自動化浅萧。

“We’re seeing a lot of appetite for AI,” says Sher.

“我們看到了(市場上)對AI的強烈訴求，”謝爾說哲思。

The challenge is that IT processes that need to be automated are themselves rapidly transforming as IT organizations move beyond deploying monolithic applications on virtual machines in the cloud.

面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是洼畅，隨著IT組織不再在云中的虛擬機上部署單一應(yīng)用程序，需要這些組織本身的IT處理流程快速轉(zhuǎn)型棚赔。

1. transform 轉(zhuǎn)型
2. move beyond 不僅僅是帝簇， 不再僅僅是
3. deploy applications on 在...中部署

The rise of microservices is requiring IT organizations to deploy, manage and secure what could easily become hundreds, even thousands, of microservices strewn across the enterprise.

微服務(wù)的興起要求IT組織部署，管理和保護可能容易變成數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千個遍布整個企業(yè)的微服務(wù)靠益。

1. rise 興起
2. strew across 遍布

In fact, those microservices are likely to span both on-premises IT environments and several public clouds.

實際上丧肴，這些微服務(wù)可能跨越本地IT環(huán)境和幾個公共云。

1. span 跨越
2. on-premises 內(nèi)部部署的

IT administrators across the board are going to have to significantly expand their current skillsets into the realm of becoming engineers, says Rafi Khardalian, senior director for private cloud engineering at Cisco.

思科私有云工程高級主管Rafi Khardalian說胧后，全面的IT管理員必須將他們當(dāng)前的技能大幅擴展到成為工程師的領(lǐng)域芋浮。

1. across the board 全面的
2. skillsets 技能結(jié)構(gòu)
3. expand ... into the realm ... 深入到...領(lǐng)域

As monolithic applications give way to microservices, cloud computing is no longer just going to be about managing a fixed number of virtual machines, adds Khardalian.

Khardalian補充說，隨著單一應(yīng)用程序被微服務(wù)淘汰壳快，云計算不再僅僅是管理固定數(shù)量的虛擬機纸巷。

1. give way to 被...淘汰

The overall IT environment will become more dynamic as dependencies between microservices and serverless frameworks are navigated and containers are constantly updated, says Khardalian.

Khardalian說，隨著微服務(wù)和弱服務(wù)框架之間的依賴聯(lián)系關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)變眶痰，向以及眾容器的不斷更新瘤旨，整個IT環(huán)境將變得更加動態(tài)。

1. overall 整體的

“It’s not going to be sufficient to be an administrator,” says Khardalian.

“只要求成為系統(tǒng)管理者還遠遠不夠”凛驮， Khardalian說裆站。

Some IT organizations will also need to determine to what degree they will want to manage IT infrastructure.

一些IT組織還需要確定他們希望在多大程度上管理IT基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)。

1. to what degree 到何種程度

Amazon Web Services (AWS), for example, is making much more of the IT environment that it provides available as a service it manages on behalf of customers.

例如，亞馬遜網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)（AWS）正在將其提供的IT環(huán)境作為其代表客戶管理的服務(wù)提供宏胯。

1. be available as 做為...提供
2. on behalf of 代表...的利益羽嫡，站在...的立場上

With the recent launch of Amazon Outposts, an instance of the IT infrastructure that can be deployed in a local data center, those managed services are now being extended to on-premises IT environments.

隨著最近推出的Amazon Outposts（可以部署在本地數(shù)據(jù)中心的IT基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)實例），這些托管服務(wù)現(xiàn)在正在擴展到本地IT環(huán)境肩袍。

1. recent launch 最近發(fā)布(不是publish)
2. managed service 被托管的服務(wù)
3. be extended to 向...延伸

“Customers are now asking us for more prescriptive guidance,” says Deepak Singh, director of compute services for AWS.

“客戶現(xiàn)在要求我們提供更多的規(guī)范性指南杭棵，”AWS計算服務(wù)總監(jiān)Deepak Singh說。

1. ask for 要求

In many cases, that will mean relying on cloud service providers to manage infrastructure while the IT organization shifts more of its resources into building and deploying applications that run on top of that infrastructure.

在許多情況下氛赐，這將意味著依靠云服務(wù)提供商來管理基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)魂爪，而IT組織將更多的資源轉(zhuǎn)移到構(gòu)建和部署運行在該基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)之上的應(yīng)用程序。

1. on top of 在之上的（不是在頂部的）
2. shift resources into 向...投入資源
3. more of the resources 更多的資源

Many of those organizations have concluded that the infrastructure on which those applications depend is of undifferentiated value to the business, says Singh.

Singh表示艰管，其中許多組織已經(jīng)得出結(jié)論滓侍，這些應(yīng)用所依賴的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施對業(yè)務(wù)具有無差別的價值。

1. be of ... value to ... 對...具有...樣的價值

Similarly, Google is advising customers that its ambition is to provide the site reliability engineer (SRE) services at the infrastructure level on their behalf, says Chen Goldberg, director of engineering for Google Cloud.

同樣牲芋，Google正在建議客戶撩笆，他們的目標(biāo)是代表他們在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施層面提供站點可靠性工程師（SRE）服務(wù)，Google Cloud工程總監(jiān)Chen Goldberg說缸浦。

1. similarly 同樣的
2. ambition 野心夕冲，志向

IT organizations can then concentrate on applications, says Goldberg.

然后，IT組織可以專注于應(yīng)用程序裂逐，Goldberg說歹鱼。

“IT organizations need to develop SRE skills at the application level,” says Goldberg.

“IT組織需要在應(yīng)用程序?qū)用嫣嵘齋RE技能，”Goldberg說卜高。

1. develop 這里是提升或具備的意思

Of course, not every IT organization is going to be comfortable ceding that level of control over their IT infrastructure.

當(dāng)然弥姻，并非每個IT組織都愿意放棄對IT基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)的控制。

1. cede 放棄
2. be comfortable doing 不情愿掺涛，不愿意（可替代be willing to ）
3. the control over 對...的控制

In fact, there are many industries where governance and security requirements make relying on external managed service providers problematic.

實際上蚁阳，許多行業(yè)由于治理和安全的要求，對依賴外部托管服務(wù)提供商報懷疑態(tài)度鸽照。

1. make ... problematic 對...有懷疑（此處是沒有信心的意思螺捐，不是suspicious）

When it comes to retraining IT organizations on how to master cloud-native computing technologies, the best path is to pick a team to blaze a path that others can later follow, says Jason McGee, vice president and CTO for IBM Cloud.

IBM Cloud的副總裁兼首席技術(shù)官Jason McGee表示，在重新培訓(xùn)IT組織如何掌握云原生計算技術(shù)時矮燎，最好的方法是選擇一個團隊來開辟其他人可以追隨的道路定血。

1. retrain ... on ... 對...進行...訓(xùn)練
2. blaze a path 開辟一條道路，吃螃蟹

That approach tends to sharply reduce resistance to change within the IT organization, says McGee.

McGee表示诞外，這種方法可以大幅降低IT組織內(nèi)部變革的阻力澜沟。

1. tend to 易于（不用make it easier to）
2. reduce resistance to 降低阻力
3. change within the organization 對組織的改變（注意用within）

“There tends to be a lot of inertia about who owns what inside an organization,” says McGee.

“對于誰擁有組織內(nèi)部的東西，往往存在很多慣性峡谊，”麥吉說茫虽。

Creating a cross-functional team of IT professionals dedicated to achieving one specific application goal significantly increases the overall chances of success, says McGee.

McGee表示刊苍，創(chuàng)建一支致力于實現(xiàn)一個特定應(yīng)用目標(biāo)的跨職能IT專業(yè)人員團隊，可以大大提高整體成功的機會濒析。

1. be dedicated to 致力于
2. the overall chances of success 整體成功的機會(chance要加s)

Cloud computing in all its forms is clearly here to stay.

云計算的各種形式顯然都存在正什。

1. be here to stay 依然會存在（似乎比exist更地道）

A survey of 600 IT leaders conducted by ClearPath Strategies on behalf of the Cloud Foundry Foundation (CFF), which oversees the development of an open source platform-as-a-service (PaaS) environment, finds over 50 percent of IT decision makers report developing 60 percent or more of their applications in the cloud.

ClearPath Strategies代表Cloud Foundry Foundation（CFF）對600名IT領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者進行了調(diào)查，該基金會監(jiān)督開源平臺即服務(wù)（PaaS）環(huán)境的開發(fā)号杏，發(fā)現(xiàn)超過50％的IT決策者報告在云中開發(fā)60％或更多的應(yīng)用程序婴氮。

1. conduct a survey 開展一項調(diào)查
2. 60 percent or more 超過60% （同more than 60 percent）

Nearly half (45 percent) of companies are doing at least some cloud-native app development, and 40 percent are doing some re-architecting/refactoring of their legacy apps.

近一半（45％）的公司正在進行至少一些云原生應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)，40％的公司正在對其原有應(yīng)用程序進行一些重新架構(gòu)/重構(gòu)盾致。

1. refactoring 重構(gòu)主经，重整

Nearly half (47 percent) say they have now deployed more than 100 containers.

近一半（47％）的人表示他們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)部署了100多個容器。

Given that shift, it should not be that surprising that 57 percent now believe agile development and continuous deployment should be the highest business priorities, and that 44 percent say the bigger problem for their company is the need for culture change, compared to only 33 percent who say selecting and integrating the right tools and technologies.

鑒于這種轉(zhuǎn)變庭惜，57％的人認為敏捷開發(fā)和持續(xù)部署應(yīng)該是業(yè)務(wù)的最高優(yōu)先級罩驻，而且44％的人認為他們公司面臨的更大問題是需要進行文化變革，相比之下只有33％护赊，這應(yīng)該不足為奇鉴腻。 誰說選擇和整合正確的工具和技術(shù)。

1. given ... 鑒于...
2. it should not be that surprising that 不足為奇

Virtual machines and PaaS environments are not ever going away.

虛擬機和PaaS環(huán)境永遠不會消失百揭。

1. be not ever going away 永遠不會消失 （vanish）

They will be employed alongside containers and serverless computing frameworks well into the next decade and beyond.

它們將在未來十年及更長時間內(nèi)與容器和無服務(wù)器計算框架一起使用。

1. employ 使用（不用use）
2. alongside 與...一起
3. the next decade and beyond 未來十年及更長時間