使用Flask-Mail提供電子郵件支持
pip install flask-mail
Flask-Mail連接到簡單郵件傳輸協(xié)議(SMTP)服務(wù)器昵济,并把郵件交給這個服務(wù)器發(fā)送。如果不進(jìn)行配置传于,F(xiàn)lask-Mail會連接localhost
上的端口25醉顽,無需驗證即可發(fā)送電子郵件游添。
Flask-Mail SMTP服務(wù)器的配置
配置 | 默認(rèn)值 | 說明 |
---|---|---|
MAIL_SERVER | localhost | 電子郵件服務(wù)器的主機名或IP地址 |
MAIL_PORT | 25 | 電子郵件服務(wù)器的端口 |
MAIL_USE_TLS | False | 啟動傳輸層安全(TLS)協(xié)議 |
MAIL_USE_SSL | False | 啟動安全套接層(SSL)協(xié)議 |
MAIL_USERNAME | None | 郵件賬戶的用戶名 |
MAIL_PASSWORD | None | 郵件賬戶的密碼 |
配置Flask-Mail使用163Mail
from flask import Flask
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com' # 電子郵件服務(wù)器的主機名或IP地址
app.config['MAIL_PORT'] = '25' # 電子郵件服務(wù)器的端口
app.config['MAIL_USE_TLS'] = True # 啟用傳輸層安全
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = ''xxxxxxx # 郵件賬戶用戶名
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = 'xxxxxxx' # 郵件賬戶的密碼
mail = Mail(app)
@app.route('/')
def index():
msg = Message('主題',sender= ''xxxxxxx',recipients=['yyyyyyyyyyyyy'])
msg.body = '文本 body'
msg.html = '<b>HTML</b> body'
mail.send(msg)
return '<h1>郵件發(fā)送成功</h1>'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
電子郵件支持
from flask_mail import Mail, Message
app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX'] = '[Flasky]'
app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SENDER'] = 'Flasky Admin <xxxxxx>'
def send_email(to, subject, template, **kwargs):
msg = Message(app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX'] + subject, sender=app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SENDER'], recipients=[to])
msg.body = render_template(template + '.txt', **kwargs)
msg.html = render_template(template + '.html', **kwargs)
mail.send(msg)
兩個程序特定配置項唆涝,分別定義郵件主題的前綴和發(fā)件人地址廊酣。send_email
函數(shù)的參數(shù)分別為收件人地址赏枚、主題、渲染郵件正文的模板和關(guān)鍵字參數(shù)列表凡辱。指定模板時不能包含擴展名,這樣才能使用兩個模板分別渲染純文本正文和富文本正文透乾。
電子郵件示例
app.config['FLASKT_ADMIN'] = 'yyyyyyy'
@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
form = NameForm()
if form.validate_on_submit():
user = User.query.filter_by(username=form.name.data).first()
if user is None:
user = User(username=form.name.data)
db.session.add(user)
session['known'] = False
if app.config['FLASKT_ADMIN']:
send_email(app.config['FLASKT_ADMIN'], 'New User', 'mail/new_user', user=user)
# flash('Looks like you have changed your name!')
else:
session['known'] = True
session['name'] = form.name.data
form.name.data = ''
return redirect(url_for('index'))
return render_template('index.html', form=form, name=session.get('name'), known=session.get('known', False))
異步發(fā)送電子郵件
from threading import Thread
def send_async_email(app, msg):
with app.app_context():
mail.send(msg)
def send_email(to, subject, template, **kwargs):
msg = Message(app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX'] + subject, sender=app.config['FLASKY_MAIL_SENDER'], recipients=[to])
msg.body = render_template(template + '.txt', **kwargs)
msg.html = render_template(template + '.html', **kwargs)
thr = Thread(target=send_async_email, args=[app, msg])
thr.start()
return thr
在不同線程中執(zhí)行mail.send()
函數(shù)時捧韵,程序上下文使用app.app_context()
人工創(chuàng)建汉操。