正文部分

Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid and walls. One case concerns and eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was first noticed by her father. One day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles.

　　Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed that her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity. During all these tests Vera was blindfold; and, indeed, except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin. It was also found that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet.

　　ERIC DE MAUNY Seeing hands from The Listener

Comprehension 理解

1. How did Vera's father accidentally discover that his daughter possessed unusual powers of perception?

Vera's father discovered his daughter's curious talent when she showed she could tell what was inside a locked safe in his office by putting her hands on the door.

2. Under what conditions was Vera incapable of perceiving objects with her skin??

She was unable to perceive objects with her skin unless she was blindfold.?

3. Under what conditions and Vera lost the ability to perceive objects with her fingers?

She lost the ability to perceive objects with her fingers as soon as her hands were wet.

Grammar 語法

1. 直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語：

一窿锉、如何變?nèi)朔Q：下面有一句順口溜“一隨主茅信。二隨賓掺逼，第三人稱不更新”餐禁。

“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)疼阔，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化伊脓，如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me." → She said her brother wanted to go with her.?

“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)平酿，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱∈芨穑或被第二人你所修飾题涨。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語总滩。也可以用第一人稱纲堵，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then.

“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化咳秉，如：Mr Smith said. "Jack is a good worker."→Mr ?Smith said Jack was a good worker.

二婉支、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：

1. 現(xiàn)在時(shí)它需改為過去時(shí)態(tài)；過去時(shí)態(tài)改為完成時(shí)澜建；過去完成時(shí)則保留原來的時(shí)態(tài)向挖。She said. "He will go to see his friend." → She said he would go to see his friend.

但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)炕舵，時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化何之。

①直接引語是客觀真理。

②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)咽筋，時(shí)態(tài)不變溶推。

③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語蒜危，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)虱痕，時(shí)態(tài)不變。Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980." → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.

④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)辐赞。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作部翘，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變响委。如：He said, "I get up at six every mornin." → He said he gets up at six every morning.?

⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式（例：ought to新思，had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，（例：could, should, would, might）不再變赘风。如：Peter said. "You had better come here today." → Peter said I had better go there that day.

三夹囚、如何變狀語：

直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)津邀窃，時(shí)間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來”（例：now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday 變?yōu)閠he day before）地點(diǎn)狀語荸哟，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語蛔翅，由“此”改為“彼”（例：this改為that), 如：He said, "These books are mine."→He said those books were his.?

四敲茄、如何變句型：

①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句山析。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes." → She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.?

②直接引語如果是反意疑問句堰燎，選擇疑問句 或 一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的 賓語從句. 如：

He said, "Can you swim, John?" → He asked John if he could swim.?

?"You have finished the home work, haven't you? my mother asked. → My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

?"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" → He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.?

③直接引語如果是特殊問句笋轨，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）秆剪。She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?" → She asked me when they had their dinner.?

④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為"tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型爵政。如："Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. → She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise." Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. → She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.?

⑤直接引語如果是以“Let‘s”開頭的祈使句仅讽，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，通常用“suggest+動(dòng)句詞（或從句）.”如：He said,"Let’s go to the film." → He suggested going to the film. 或He suggested that they should go to see the film.

引述別人的話有兩種方式：

一是使用引號(hào)引出人家的原話钾挟，這叫做直接引語洁灵；一是用自己的話把人家的話轉(zhuǎn)述出來，這叫做間接引語掺出。例如：John said," I’m going to London with my father." 約翰說："我要和父親到倫敦去徽千。"（引號(hào)內(nèi)是直接引語）John said that he was going to London with his father. 約翰說，他要和他父親去倫敦汤锨。（賓語從句是間接引語）

總結(jié)：

1.正文（Seeing hands)

2.理解（三個(gè)問題+參考答案）

3.語法（這個(gè)部分寫的最多双抽，很多專業(yè)的術(shù)語和例句有參照網(wǎng)絡(luò)。同時(shí)也是我自己最薄弱的部分闲礼，通過寫下來能加深自己的印象牍汹。）包括了：變?nèi)朔Q铐维、變時(shí)態(tài)、變狀語和變句型4個(gè)大類慎菲。

給愛學(xué)習(xí)的你加個(gè)大雞腿耶嫁蛇！