This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
Question 1
29. With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to
?[A] cover the cost of 支付its publication.
[B] subscribe to the journal publishing it.
[C] allow other online journals to use it freely.
[D] complete the peer-review before submission.
Question 2
Please translate the paragraph into Chinese.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some大約 75% of scholarly journals are now online.這種狀況現(xiàn)在正在改變赊级。根據(jù)OECD的報(bào)道,75%的學(xué)術(shù)期刊現(xiàn)在在網(wǎng)上寿桨。↓
根據(jù)經(jīng)合組織的報(bào)告,目前已有大約75%的學(xué)術(shù)刊物可以在線閱讀亭螟。
Entirely new business models are emerging 形成; three main ones were identified識(shí)別挡鞍,支持 by the report’s authors.
There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for
access to
a collection of
online journal titles
閱讀權(quán)限 | 一系列 | 電子期刊文章
through site-licensing agreements站點(diǎn)許可協(xié)議.全新的商業(yè)模式正在形成;三種主要的方式被文章的作者支持预烙。這是所謂的大的處理墨微,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的訂閱者通過(guò)網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)許可協(xié)議付費(fèi)獲得在線期刊標(biāo)題的收集信息”獾В↓
全新的商業(yè)出版模式正在形成翘县。報(bào)告的作者提到了三種主要的模式。第一種是所謂的“一攬子捆綁銷售”模式谴分,機(jī)構(gòu)訂閱用戶通過(guò)許可協(xié)議付費(fèi)閱讀一系列電子期刊锈麸。
There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer老板) to pay for the paper to be published.這是公開(kāi)途徑的出版,典型地牺蹄,被要求通過(guò)付費(fèi)獲得文章出版的作者(或者他的導(dǎo)師)所支持忘伞。↓
第二種是開(kāi)放權(quán)限式出版沙兰,主要依靠作者或其雇主支付論文出版費(fèi)用氓奈。
Finally, there are open-access archives檔案, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories儲(chǔ)藏室.
最后,有開(kāi)放權(quán)限的檔案館鼎天,像大學(xué)或者國(guó)際間的實(shí)驗(yàn)室等組織支持長(zhǎng)期的機(jī)構(gòu)的儲(chǔ)存舀奶。↓
第三種是開(kāi)放權(quán)限歸檔模式斋射,這種模式要求諸如大學(xué)或者國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)室來(lái)支持機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)庫(kù)育勺。
Other models exist that are hybrids混合 of these three, such as delayed延遲 open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.其他的模式是以上三種的混合體存在,像延遲開(kāi)放權(quán)限绩鸣,學(xué)術(shù)期刊在免費(fèi)給所有想要看的人開(kāi)放之前怀大,只允許訂閱者在首先六個(gè)月閱讀⊙轿牛↓
其他的模式是以上三種的混合體化借,即,一些刊物前六個(gè)月只允許付費(fèi)訂閱者閱讀論文捡多,然后才以免費(fèi)模式提供給所有想閱讀的人蓖康。
All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
以上的所有改變了傳統(tǒng)同行審閱過(guò)程的模式,至少改變了文章的發(fā)表垒手∷夂福↓
這一切都將改變傳統(tǒng)的同行評(píng)議出版模式,至少對(duì)于論文出版是如此科贬。
逐句解讀↓
第一句
This is now changing.
本句譯文
這一切正在改變泳梆。
第二句
According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)
狀:According to the OECD report, 根據(jù)經(jīng)合組織的報(bào)告
主:some 75% of scholarly journals 大約75%的學(xué)生刊物
系:are 是
表:now online. 目前在線的
本句譯文
根據(jù)經(jīng)合組織的報(bào)告鳖悠,目前已有大約75%的學(xué)術(shù)刊物可以在線閱讀。
第三句
[1] Entirely new business models are emerging; [2] three main ones were identified by the report’s authors.
本句為分句[1]與分句[2]構(gòu)成的并列句
[1] (S+V)
主:Entirely new business models 全新的商業(yè)(出版)模式
謂:are emerging; 正在浮現(xiàn)
譯文:全新的商業(yè)出版模式正在形成
[2] (S+V)
主:three main ones 三種主要的模式
謂:were identified 被闡明
狀:by the report’s authors 被報(bào)告的作者
譯文:報(bào)告的作者提到了三種主要的模式
本句譯文
全新的商業(yè)出版模式正在形成优妙。報(bào)告的作者提到了三種主要的模式乘综。
第四句
[1] There is the so-called big deal, [2] where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)
[1] 主句(There be)
謂:There is (本句在羅列第一種商業(yè)出版模式)
主:the so-called big deal 所謂的“一攬子捆綁銷售”(大宗銷售)
譯文:第一種是所謂的“一攬子捆綁銷售”模式
[2] 修飾big-deal的定語(yǔ)從句(S+V+O)
狀:where = by which = by this deal 通過(guò)這種方式
主:institutional subscribers 機(jī)構(gòu)訂閱用戶
謂:pay for 購(gòu)買
賓:access to | a collection of | online journal titles 閱讀權(quán)限 | 一系列 | 電子期刊文章
狀:through site-licensing agreements 通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議許可
譯文:機(jī)構(gòu)訂閱用戶通過(guò)許可協(xié)議付費(fèi)閱讀一系列電子期刊
本句譯文
第一種是所謂的“一攬子捆綁銷售”模式,機(jī)構(gòu)訂閱用戶通過(guò)許可協(xié)議付費(fèi)閱讀一系列電子期刊套硼。
第五句
There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)(There be)
謂:There is (本句在羅列第二種商業(yè)出版模式)
主:open-access publishing, 開(kāi)放權(quán)限式出版
定(修飾主):typically supported 通常被支持(通常支付論文出版費(fèi)用)
狀(修飾supported):by asking | the author (or his employer) | to pay for the paper | to be published. 要求 | 作者(或其雇主)|支付論文費(fèi)用 | 要出版的
本句譯文
第二種是開(kāi)放權(quán)限式出版卡辰,主要依靠作者或其雇主支付論文出版費(fèi)用。
第六句
[1] Finally, there are open-access archives, [2] where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories.
必備詞匯
archive n. 檔案館邪意;檔案文件九妈;存檔
repository n. 知識(shí)庫(kù);智囊團(tuán)雾鬼;倉(cāng)庫(kù)
句子結(jié)構(gòu)
[1] 主句(There be)
狀:Finally, 最后
謂:there are (本句在羅列第三種商業(yè)出版模式)
主:open-access archives, 開(kāi)放權(quán)限歸檔模式
譯文:第三種是開(kāi)放權(quán)限歸檔模式
[2] 修飾open-access archives的定語(yǔ)從句(S+V+O)
狀:where 通過(guò)這種模式
主:organizations 組織
同:such as universities or international laboratories 諸如大學(xué)或國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)室
謂:support 支持
賓:institutional repositories. 機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)庫(kù)
譯文:這種模式要求諸如大學(xué)或者國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)室來(lái)支持機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)庫(kù)
本句譯文
第三種是開(kāi)放權(quán)限歸檔模式萌朱,這種模式要求諸如大學(xué)或者國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)室來(lái)支持機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)庫(kù)。
第七句
[1] Other models exist [2] that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, [3] where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone [4] who wishes to see it.
必備詞匯
hybrid n. 雜交品種呆贿;混血兒
句子結(jié)構(gòu)
[1] 主句(S+V)
主:Other models 其他模式
謂:exist 存在
譯文:其他的模式
[2] 修飾other models的定語(yǔ)從句(S+LV+P)
引(主):that 其他模式
系:are 是
表:hybrids of these three 以上三種的混合體
同:such as delayed open-access, 例如延遲開(kāi)放權(quán)限模式
譯文:其他的模式是以上三種的混合體
[3] 修飾delayed open-access的定語(yǔ)從句(S+V+O+OC)
引(狀):where 通過(guò)這種模式
主:journals 期刊
謂:allow 允許
賓:only subscribers 僅僅訂閱者(付費(fèi)用戶)
補(bǔ):to read a paper 閱讀論文
狀:for the first six months 前六個(gè)月
狀:before making it freely available to everyone 在免費(fèi)提供給所有人之前
譯文:即嚷兔,一些刊物前六個(gè)月只允許付費(fèi)訂閱者閱讀論文,然后才以免費(fèi)模式提供給所有人
[4] 修飾everyone的定語(yǔ)從句(S+V+O)
引(主):who 所有人
謂:wishes 希望
賓:to see it. 閱讀論文
譯文:想閱讀的人
本句譯文
其他的模式是以上三種的混合體做入,即冒晰,一些刊物前六個(gè)月只允許付費(fèi)訂閱者閱讀論文,然后才以免費(fèi)模式提供給所有想閱讀的人竟块。
第八句
All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)(S+V+O)
主:All this 這一切都
謂:could change 會(huì)改變
賓:the traditional form of the peer-review process, 傳統(tǒng)的同行評(píng)議出版模式
狀:at least for the publication of papers. 至少對(duì)于論文出版是如此
本句譯文
這一切都將改變傳統(tǒng)的同行評(píng)議出版模式壶运,至少對(duì)于論文出版是如此。