? ? ? ?剛?cè)脒@個(gè)行業(yè)的時(shí)候，我感覺(jué)課堂用語(yǔ)是教學(xué)中最簡(jiǎn)單的事情跨晴，比起上課欧聘、備課、語(yǔ)法端盆，課堂用語(yǔ)要簡(jiǎn)單得多树瞭。可是經(jīng)過(guò)這十幾年的教學(xué)爱谁，發(fā)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單的課堂用語(yǔ)其實(shí)并不簡(jiǎn)單晒喷。誠(chéng)然，每個(gè)英語(yǔ)老師都會(huì)說(shuō)上那么幾句访敌，但是凉敲，表達(dá)的是否正確？學(xué)生是否聽得懂寺旺？能不能順利得將課堂進(jìn)行下去爷抓？都是老師在課堂上不容忽視的問(wèn)題∽杷埽可以說(shuō)蓝撇，課堂用語(yǔ)既是每個(gè)老師的基本功，但也可能是某些老師的軟肋陈莽。尤其是在上公開課的時(shí)候渤昌，就顯得尤為重要虽抄。
? ? ? ? 今天我想跟大家分享一下我理解中的英語(yǔ)課堂用語(yǔ)。
? ? ? ? 一独柑、課堂用語(yǔ)是什么迈窟？
? ? ? ? 課堂用語(yǔ)是組織課堂的語(yǔ)言。而語(yǔ)言是實(shí)現(xiàn)師生互動(dòng)和課堂管理的工具忌栅。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言是豐富多彩的车酣，適當(dāng)?shù)膸熒鷮?duì)話能更有利于課堂的展開，更容易讓學(xué)生感受到語(yǔ)言的魅力索绪，從而讓學(xué)生們愛(ài)上這門課程湖员。
? ? ? ? 在現(xiàn)在的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，在老師們的課堂用語(yǔ)方面瑞驱，確實(shí)也存在很多的問(wèn)題破衔。有些老師漢語(yǔ)偏多，缺少最基本的課堂用語(yǔ)钱烟；有些老師課堂教學(xué)用語(yǔ)用詞過(guò)大晰筛，不夠通俗，大部分學(xué)生聽不懂拴袭；有些課堂用語(yǔ)語(yǔ)病偏多读第，出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)詞；有些老師用語(yǔ)羅嗦拉雜拥刻，前后過(guò)渡生硬怜瞒，缺乏整體性；有些隨意性大般哼，時(shí)而中文吴汪，時(shí)而英文；有些是中式英語(yǔ)蒸眠。??
? ? ? ? 既然存在這么多這樣那樣的問(wèn)題漾橙，那么我們每個(gè)老師就都應(yīng)該端正態(tài)度，對(duì)自己嚴(yán)要求楞卡，在平時(shí)的課堂中重訓(xùn)練霜运，不僅要擴(kuò)大自己課堂用語(yǔ)的amount,還要提高課堂用語(yǔ)的quality. 練就出色的課堂用語(yǔ)。
? ? ? ? 二蒋腮、課堂用語(yǔ)遵循什么原則淘捡？
? ? ? ? 在我看來(lái)，課堂用語(yǔ)首先要符合孩子的語(yǔ)言特征池摧。每個(gè)階段的孩子的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)也不一樣焦除，所以不可以一概而論。其次可用用示范代替繁瑣的解釋作彤。我們老師經(jīng)常會(huì)碰到這種問(wèn)題膘魄，就是解釋一個(gè)問(wèn)題解釋半天學(xué)生越聽越糊涂乌逐，其實(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)候完全可以才是示范一下，通過(guò)示范學(xué)生可以很清晰地知道老師的要求是什么瓣距。
? ? ? ? 當(dāng)然黔帕，除此以外代咸，課堂用語(yǔ)還應(yīng)遵循以下六個(gè)原則：
? ? ? ? 1. 階段性蹈丸。 由簡(jiǎn)單到難，循序漸進(jìn)呐芥。
? ? ? ? 2. 貫穿性逻杖。連貫整個(gè)課堂。如果在課堂中思瘟，英語(yǔ)老師盡可能用英語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)荸百，而且變化多樣，學(xué)生們也會(huì)慢慢地適應(yīng)全英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的滨攻。并在這個(gè)潛移默化的過(guò)程中够话，逐漸培養(yǎng)出語(yǔ)感，有利于發(fā)展學(xué)生口語(yǔ)光绕。最重要的是女嘲，這樣也更有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)思維和表達(dá)的習(xí)慣，對(duì)孩子們寫作也是有幫助的诞帐。
? ? ? ? 3. 規(guī)范性欣尼。 正確的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)，簡(jiǎn)單明了停蕉，無(wú)錯(cuò)誤愕鼓。比如：Do you know what is it?? ?Together read. 等等。
? ? ? ? 4. 激勵(lì)性慧起。用來(lái)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生菇晃。在現(xiàn)在課堂教學(xué)中，老師應(yīng)以表?yè)P(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)為主蚓挤，用以呵護(hù)學(xué)生的自尊和自信谋旦。老師在說(shuō)話中，要做到語(yǔ)氣委婉屈尼。這樣才能創(chuàng)論輕松和諧的氣氛册着，減少學(xué)生的緊張情緒。同時(shí)盡量避免使用過(guò)多的貶義詞和否定詞脾歧。比如： foolish, stupid, wrong, too bad. I don't like your opinion.等等甲捏。
? ? ? ? 5. 引導(dǎo)性。引導(dǎo)孩子參與課堂活動(dòng)鞭执。
? ? ? ? 6. 交際性司顿。嚴(yán)要求芒粹，重訓(xùn)練〈罅铮可對(duì)孩子做出一些要求化漆，比如： 凡在學(xué)校，見(jiàn)到英語(yǔ)老師钦奋，用英語(yǔ)打招呼座云；凡在課堂，盡可能用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)付材；啟發(fā)朦拖、鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生之間相互提問(wèn)和對(duì)話；Speak English if possible, speak Chinese if necessary.
? ? ? ? ?三厌衔、課堂用語(yǔ)的分類璧帝。
? ? ? ? 課堂用語(yǔ)可以分為很多種。我按照自己的想法將它分為以下幾類：
? ? ? ? A.?每日課堂常規(guī)用語(yǔ) Everyday classroom routine富寿。
? ? ? ? ? ? 1）Begnning a Class（上課）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1. Let's start now. / Let's begin our class / lesson.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. Shall we begin now?/Shall we get down to business?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. Get seated,please. It's time for class./ Class is about to begin.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. Have you got everything ready for class?/Ready? /Are you ready for class?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5. Take out your English books and put them on the desk.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6. No(stop) talking now.There goes the bell.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7. Attention,everyone!/ Order, please!
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8. Stand up. Sit down.? ?……
? ? ? ? ? ? ?2）Greeting（問(wèn)候）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1. Hello, boys and girls / children.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. Good morning, class / everyone / everybody / children / boys and girls.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. How are you today? /How are you getting on? How are you feeling today?/How? are you getting along with your studies?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. You look great!/ How nice you look!
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5. Did you have a nice weekend?/ Tell us what you did yesterday.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6. What day is it today?/ What's the date?/Happy Children's Day.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7. What's the weather like today? / A nice day, isn't it?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8.? (various kinds of questions related to the topic)? ? ?……
? ? ? ? ? ? 3）Checking Attendance（考勤）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1. Who's on duty today? Is everyone here?/Who's absent today?/ Who is missing? /Anybody absent?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. Be quiet,please. Now I am going to call the roll.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. Try to be on time. / Don't be late next time./Please come earlier next time./
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Try to be here on time next time .
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. Go back to your seat./Get to your seat .we have already begun the lesson.? ......
? ? ? ? ? ?4）Assigning Homework（作業(yè)布置）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1. Here's today's homework.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. For today's homework, review the text carefully.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. No written work for today./Get ready for the test on Friday.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. Recite the text./Memorize the new words./Make up a dialogue after the example./ Review what we have learnt today./ Do a survey with your neighbour.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5. Preview Unit2. / Finish the exercises in the workbook./Do the exercises on Page3.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6. Copy these sentences three times./ Write a summary of the text in your own words.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7. Finish your work on your own./ Please hand in your exercise books on time.? ?......
? ? ? ? ? ?5）Closing the Lesson (下課）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1. That's all for today./ Let's stop here./ Class is over.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. To sum up, let me repeat the important expressions.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. Let's see what we have learnt today.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. I hope you've enjoyed the lesson. / I'm really proud of you.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5. Thanks, everyone. / Bye, class. / See you next time./ Have a nice weekend!
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6.? Hand in your workbooks,please.? ......
? ? ? ? B. 調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生積極性 Involving the learners.
? ? ? ? ? ?1）Encouraging（鼓勵(lì)）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. Well done!/ Nice job!/Good job!/Great!/Pretty good!/ Quite right!/ A good answer!/ Excellent!/It’s almost perfect.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. It's very creative!/ You speak very fluently!/ Your listening is excellent!/ You've made a lot of progress./ Your performance was wonderful!
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. I like your point./ I feel happy for you./ Let's give a clap./ Congratulations!
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. A good try./ That's much better./I think your answer is very useful./What you said is meaningful./Your answer is interesting.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?5. Don't be nervous./ Take it easy. / Be confident./ Try your best./ You can make it.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6. Practice makes perfect./ No pain, no gain. / Don't worry about making mistakes./Don't be shy. / Keep working hard./ Be at ease when speking English.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?7. This question is a bit difficult, try to think about it. / Don’t worry.You still have a chance./Don’t lose heart. You can try it again. /Think it over and try it again.? ?......
? ? ? ? ? ?2）Commenting（評(píng)價(jià)）
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. Not really./Not exactly./ Not good enough.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. That's almost right. / That's not quite right./ Nearly./
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. I don't think so. / You were careless./ Don't make the same mistake again./I'm afraid it's all wrong./Sorry, I don’t think you are right.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. Speak more clearly./ Please go on./ Do well next time.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?5. Don't give me half sentences./Really? Could you talk about the story more clearly?/
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?6. I can’t accept this point. /Your answer isn’t to the point.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?7. Do you agree with him? / I don't agree.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8. Absolutely right./ Completely correct. Sound good./? ? ?......
? ? ? ?C.課堂管理 Managing the class
? ? ? ? ? ?1）宣布 (Announcing)
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. First, let's do some revision./ What have we learnt last time? /Who can tell / remember what we did in the last lesson ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. Now let's move on to the new lessson./Today, we are going to learn something new.?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. Let’s start working./Let’s begin/start a new lesson./Let’s begin/start our lesson.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. Ready? Go!
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5. How about another practise on this point?All right?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6. Open your book and turn to ...
? ? ? ? ? ? ?7. Now this is something new, Ready to listen.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?8. One, two, three, start!? ? ? ?......
? ? ? ? ?2) 引起注意 （Directing Attention)
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1.Ready? / Are you ready?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. Did you get there? / Do you understand? /Is that clear?/ Do you know what to do? / Is that clear?/Got it?/ Can you follow me?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. Be quiet, please. / Quiet, please. / Listen carefully, please.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. Listen to the tape recorder / the recording.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5. Look carefully, please./Look over here./ Watch carefully. /Are your watching?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? 6. Please look at the blackboard / picture / map. . .
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?7. Pay attention to your spelling / pronunciation…?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8. Try to keep up with me, please.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?9. Once more, please. / One more time, please.
? ? ? ? ? 3) 指令和紀(jì)律 （Keeping Discipline)
? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. No talking!/ Don't talk in class./Keep quiet./Be quiet!
? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. Please follow the rules.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. Please keep the classroom tidy.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. Be careful with the computers./Put your things away.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?5. Be seated when the bell rings.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?6. No laughing at a classmate.?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?7. Hurry up,please./Be quick./Slow down./
? ? ? ? ? ? ?8. Come here./Come to the front./Please go back to your seat. /Stand with your back to the class./ Face the audience.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?9. Put your hand up, please./ Raise your hand, please.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?10. Say it / Write it in Chinese / English.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?11. Clean up your desk / the classroom, please.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?12.? Don't speak out./ A bit louder,please./ Read one sentence each./ One after another, please.? ?.....
? ? ? ? 4)?做筆記和測(cè)驗(yàn) (Taking notes and Tests)
? ? ? ? ? ? 1. Write down the example sentences. / Take notes while listening. / Make a note of the sentences on the blackboard./
? ? ? ? ? ? 2. Underline the last sentence in the paragraph./Highlight the important expressions./ Colour the topic sentences. /Circle the key words./Give the sentence a star mark./Mark the important points in your book.
? ? ? ? ? ? 3. Be well-prepared./Get ready,please./ Here we go with the exercises.
? ? ? ? ? ? 4. Finish the exercise in 10 minutes./Get ready for the listening test./ We shall have a test to check your understanding. /
? ? ? ? ? ? 5. Let's check the answer./ Let's go through the exercises. /
? ? ? ? ? ? 6. Time is up./ Stop writing
? ? ? ? ? ? 7. To let me see if you’ve understood, I’ll ask some questions on this passage? ? ?......
? ? ? ?5)?提問(wèn)和講解 (Asking questions and Expaining)
? ? ? ? ? ?1. Who can answer the question?/Who knows?/Who can tell us?/Who will have a try? /Whose turn is it?/Who's next?/Any volunteers?/ Who has different opinions?/Who can help him out?/Who can correct the mistakes for him?/Who'd like to to first?
? ? ? ? ? 2. Think about it./Pay attention to its usage./Give us an example, please. / Shall I give you a clue? /Can you follow me? / Am I speaking too fast?
? ? ? ? ? 3. Is she right?/ Yes or no?/ What is your answer?/ What do you think? / Which is the right answer?/
? ? ? ? ?4. Could you repeat?/What?/ Pardon?/ Really?/
? ? ? ? ?5. Have you finished?/ Have you completed the task?
? ? ? ? ?6. Say it together./ Let's do the spelling check. /Take care with capital letters.
? ? ? ? ?7. Is that clear?/ Got it?/Any questions?/ Who can say more about this?/ Anything more?/ You are welcome to raise questions./Find out the difficulties and what you don't understand.
? ? ? ? ?8. Whose turn is it? /It's your turn,? ? ?......
? ? D.??處理教學(xué)任務(wù)Dealing with teaching assignments
? ? ? 1) 聽說(shuō)（Listening and Speaking)
? ? ? ? ? 1. Let's listen to the recording./ Listen carefully./ Listen with your books closed./Now, we are going to listen to the conversation.
? ? ? ? ? 2. Before listening, here are some questions for you./ Read the questions before you listen. / Listen to the instrcutions attentively.
? ? ? ? ? 3. After listening, tell me the main idea./ Listen and decide whether the statements are true or false./ Fill in the missing words as you listen./ Point to the picture./ Listen and then answer the questions.
? ? ? ? ?4. Listen and imitate sentence by sentence./ Repeat after the recording line by line./ Follow me, please.
? ? ? ? ?5. Speak louder/quicker/softer, please.
? ? ? ? ?6. First work in groups to talk about the topic of this dialogue.
? ? ? ? ?7. Please make up a similar conversation with these notes.? ?......
? ? ?2) 讀寫（Reading and Writing)
? ? ? ? ?1. Read the text quickly and think about the questions: Why / Where / When / How did the story happen?
? ? ? ? ?2. Open your book and turn to Page10. /Read the text again more slowly and try to answer the questions./Well, let's come to Activity 2, the dialogue.
? ? ? ? 3. What’s the main idea of this passage?/Guess the meaning of the word./Give me a brief summary.
? ? ? ? 4. Please read this part carefully and find the topic sentence./Read the passage silently./Go through the text quickly./ Don't worry about the new words./ Read the text aloud.
? ? ? ?5. Try to retell the key points without books.
? ? ? ?6. Before writing, let’s have a discussion. What subject do you think we should write about in the passage?
? ? ? 7. Let’s have an oral practice first. Work in groups to talk about the topic.
? ? ? 8. Before writing, you can make a draft (打草稿) first, then copy it on your exercise-books.......
? ?3) 練 （ Practice)
? ? ? ? 1. Now we shall do some pair work./Practise this part by yourself./Practise in pairs./Now watch me.I’ll do an example,then you will try to make up a similar dialogue in pairs./Try to manage the dialogue without looking at your books.
? ? ? ? 2. Which group would like to act out this dialogue? /Who can act this role? Any volunteers? / Who’d like to have a try? Hands up, please.
? ? ? ? 3. Work in groups of four. You have read the story of the great writer. Now, each of you will write a part of the story. The titles of the four parts are as follows.
? ? ? ? 4. One at a time./Let’s do it one by one./Change roles when you're finished.
? ? ? ? 5. Let’s act./Let’s act out/do the dialogue./Who'd like to be?
? ? ? ? 6. Find a partner and practise the conversation./Work with a partner./ Work in groups of four.
? ? ? ? 7. Let me show you how it is done./
? ? ? ? 8. For each score, you'll receive a flower./ Group 2 is the winner./ The two teams are even.? ?......
? ?四睬隶、 案例賞析?
? ? ? ? ? 第十二屆全國(guó)初中優(yōu)質(zhì)課大賽，合肥有一位選手叫王冠博页徐。我將她的課堂的大部分話節(jié)選出來(lái)苏潜，供大家參與。標(biāo)紅的部分是我認(rèn)為對(duì)大家有幫助的一些課堂用語(yǔ)泞坦。
http://www.reibang.com/writer#/notebooks/44655191/notes/65890191/writing
