The SYSTEM of BASIC ENGLISH?基本英語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)
Basic English 在英語(yǔ)體系上是核心英語(yǔ)璃谨，精選850個(gè)核心單詞r捻勉。
幾年的學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明學(xué)習(xí)Basic English是很有效的粗卜，例子見(jiàn)：http://www.reibang.com/p/3dc5ad0b2e1a
三四年級(jí)開(kāi)始的孩子能學(xué)這么好猾编，一二年級(jí)開(kāi)始的呢旗芬？http://www.reibang.com/p/3dc5ad0b2e1a
基本英語(yǔ)系統(tǒng)更多的資料：http://ogden.basic-english.org/sbe110.html#1
1 . WHAT IS BASIC ENGLISH? 什么是基本英語(yǔ)
Basic English is a careful and systematic selection of 850 English words which will cover those needs of everyday life for which a vocabulary of 20,000 words is frequently employed. These word are not the words most?commonly used,as?determined by word-counts; but all of them are common, and more than 600 of them are constantly used by any English or American child of six.
850個(gè)單詞的里面有600個(gè)有關(guān)名字的（名詞）舌胶，其中200個(gè)可以用圖畫(huà)來(lái)展示。
還有150個(gè)形容詞疮丛。
剩下的100個(gè)單詞的作用是把名詞和形容詞用起來(lái)的幔嫂，讓整個(gè)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)起來(lái)，像正常英語(yǔ)一樣運(yùn)作誊薄。
這850個(gè)單詞的600個(gè)都是英語(yǔ)國(guó)家里6歲的孩子都會(huì)時(shí)常使用的履恩。
There are 200 names of picturable objects,and
400 other names of things; making
600 nouns in all.
There are 150 adjectives.
The remaining 100 words put these names and adjectives into operation, so that the whole system may work as normal English.
2 . WHAT IS ITS PURPOSE? 它的目的
Basic English has two chief purposes :
1 . To serve as an international auxiliary language ; that is to say, a second language for use throughout the world in general communication, commerce, and science.
2 . To provide a rational introduction to normal English ; both as a first step, complete in itself, for those whose natural language is not English, and as a grammatical introduction, encouraging clarity of thought and expression, for English-speaking peoples at any stage of proficiency.
3 . WHY 850 WORDS? 為什么這850個(gè)單詞
The average rate of learning words in a foreign language is about?thirty words an hour. The average learner is willing to give an hour a day for a month to learning the fundamentals of a new language. Hence it is possible for anyone whose natural language is not too remote from English?to read anything?written in Basic in less than 30 hours. The ideal limits are thus roughly fixed below 1,000 words, and more precisely between 800 and 900.
（首先，我覺(jué)得這比較教條呢蔫，理論化切心，實(shí)際操作不易）。學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)的平均速度大約是每小時(shí)30個(gè)詞片吊。一般學(xué)習(xí)者會(huì)愿意學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)月每天拿出一個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)新語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)東西绽昏。因此，任何人只要他的語(yǔ)言同英語(yǔ)比較接近的話在30小時(shí)內(nèi)是可以讀懂用基本英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的材料的定鸟。理想的限度大約固定在1000個(gè)詞一下而涉，更準(zhǔn)確一點(diǎn)是800到900之間。
We next discover the number of words necessary to cover the field; that is to say, the essential minimum in which everything of general interest can be talked about. Of the 500,000 words in the largest English dictionaries about 20,000 may be described as common words; and of these between 7,000 and 8,000 are in everyday use. Analysis, over a period of more than ten years, showed that between 800 and 900 are necessary to do the work. So the problem has a practical solution.
我們下一步就是找出能夠覆蓋這些領(lǐng)域的詞的數(shù)量联予； 也就是說(shuō)啼县，那些本質(zhì)的最少的單詞，能夠談?wù)撊魏胃信d趣的話題的那些詞沸久。英語(yǔ)最大字典的50萬(wàn)單詞中有2萬(wàn)個(gè)可稱為普通詞匯季眷。普通詞匯里的7000到8000的詞是天天都用的。十年多的研究表明卷胯，大約800到900的詞匯可以來(lái)做這些工作子刮。因此，這俄問(wèn)題有其實(shí)用價(jià)值窑睁。
4 . WHY ENGLISH WORDS? 為什么英語(yǔ)單詞
? ? 1 . Because English is now the natural or governmental language of over 5000,000,000 people. It is already the second language of the Far East;
2 . No other existing language can be simplified to anything like the same extent. The chief difficulties of normal English are eliminated in Basic. One result of this analysis and simplification of normal English is that Basic is very similar in character to Chinese -- which gives it a special claim as a medium of communication with and in the East.
5 . WHAT ABOUT GRAMMAR? 語(yǔ)法如何
The primary principle of Basic, which made the reduced vocabulary possible, is?the elimination of the verb; so that the?main difficulty of language-learning?is also reduced to a minimum. There are only?five grammaticalrules,which enable the learner to get the most out of the vocabulary; one of these is concerned with derivatives in-er, -ing,and-edfrom 400 of the nouns, an important extension for the purpose of an effective style. The exceptions to these rules are few and unimportant; the entire conjugation of the verb-forms and pronouns occupies a single page; and the construction of sentences follows a few simple models related to the natural sequence of events.
基本英語(yǔ)的主要原則是將動(dòng)詞去除挺峡，它使得縮減單詞量成為可能；因此學(xué)語(yǔ)言的主要障礙降低到最低限度担钮。只有5個(gè)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則橱赠，這幾個(gè)規(guī)則能使學(xué)習(xí)者能從這些詞匯中獲取最大知識(shí)；其中一個(gè)是關(guān)于?-er, -ing,和-ed于400個(gè)名詞結(jié)合組成的派生詞的箫津，一個(gè)有效風(fēng)格的重要延伸狭姨。這些語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的例外不多也微不足道宰啦；整個(gè)動(dòng)詞變化形式加上代詞只占一張紙；句子的構(gòu)成因循幾個(gè)自然事件順序的簡(jiǎn)單模式饼拍。
6 . HOW CAN YOU GET RID OF VERBS? 如何能不必要學(xué)習(xí)這么多動(dòng)詞
Basic English asks you to make a distinction here. It, depends on what you want to call a 'verb.' The usual account of verbs covers two quite different sorts of word.
如何才能去除動(dòng)詞呢赡模？
以動(dòng)詞'enter'為例。 它清楚地代表'go in.'的意思师抄。也就是說(shuō)漓柑，它可以分析分解為一個(gè)行為或動(dòng)作的名稱以及方向或位置的名字。因此叨吮，爬樹(shù)是'go up'欺缘， 下來(lái)是'go down.'。 基本英語(yǔ)去除所有的這些包含方向名字的動(dòng)詞挤安，只保留這些行為的基本名稱外加幾個(gè)其他的動(dòng)詞形式，這既完成了任務(wù)丧鸯，又不有損習(xí)慣用法蛤铜。就這樣，為了一切的實(shí)用目的丛肢，動(dòng)詞被去除了围肥。
Take the verb 'enter' for example. It clearly means the same as 'go in.' That is to say, it can be analyzed into the name of an act or movement and the name of a direction or position. So, to climb a tree is to 'go up' a tree, and to descend it is to 'go down.' Basic English gets rid of all those verbs which contain the names of directions, and retains only the fundamental names of acts together with a few other verb-forms, which enable it to complete the job without doing violence to common usage. Thus, for all practical purposes, the verb is eliminated.
Although, therefore, you may if you like insist that sixteen verbs are left (out of more than 4,000), it seems more reasonable to suggest a new name, such as 'operator,' for the?sixteen fundamental words which cover the essential acts or operations.?The?names of directions?with which these sixteen are combined (to provide equivalents for, say, 3,984 common verbs) are generally known as?'prepositions.' But language-learning is made more simple both for English-speaking people and for international purposes, if these old Latin traditions are frankly abandoned. Basic suggests, therefore, that the accurately descriptive name of?'directives' be given to all prepositions. So that one can learn the names of?the sixteen basic operations?and the?twenty basic directions?-- and thus avoid some of the chief mysteries of grammar. At the same time, the style of Basic is natural; and the essentials of the language are preserved without prejudice to further progress in normal English.
有人建議給這剩下的16個(gè)動(dòng)詞（從4000個(gè)里選出的）起個(gè)新名字，例如“operator”（行動(dòng)者蜂怎，操作手）穆刻， 因?yàn)檫@16個(gè)基本動(dòng)詞覆蓋了重要的行為或行動(dòng)。
同這16個(gè)詞一同用的表達(dá)方向的名字（詞）（提供等同于其他3,984個(gè)普通動(dòng)詞的詞）一般被稱為‘介詞’?'prepositions.'杠步。但這就使得英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)掌握變簡(jiǎn)單了（拋棄了哪些老的拉丁傳統(tǒng)的單詞）氢伟。
基本英語(yǔ)建議給與這些介詞準(zhǔn)確描述的名稱 – 指導(dǎo)者，指引者幽歼，導(dǎo)引者'directives'朵锣。
因此，人們可以學(xué)習(xí)者16個(gè)基本行為的詞甸私，另加20個(gè)基本的方位詞诚些，這樣就避免了個(gè)別的主要的語(yǔ)法迷思。同時(shí)皇型，基本英語(yǔ)的風(fēng)格是自然的诬烹；語(yǔ)言的重點(diǎn)核心同樣得到保留，也沒(méi)有對(duì)正常英語(yǔ)造成偏見(jiàn)和忽略弃鸦。
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Basic confines itself to 16 verbs only, and the auxiliaries may and will.
看一看這些基本動(dòng)詞绞吁。16個(gè)基本動(dòng)詞中的12個(gè)，其主要意義是描述的動(dòng)作是可以看得到的（可視行為）寡键。它們是：
??? Consider these Basic verbs for a moment. Twelve of the sixteen in their key senses, the senses that are taught first, describe visible actions. The are:
?????????????? Come（來(lái)）????? Go（去）?????????? Give（給）???????? Get（得到）
?????????????? Put （放）???????? Take（拿）??????? Keep（留）??????? Let（讓）
?????????????? Make （做）???? Say（說(shuō)）????????? See（看見(jiàn)）????? Send（送）
另外的四個(gè)動(dòng)詞是：
??????? seem, be, do, have,
最后令各情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：
??????? may, will
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