一.?分類：
1.??陳述句：用來(lái)陳述事實(shí)的句子，主語(yǔ)傲宜，謂語(yǔ)成分完整笼踩；包含肯定句和否定句；
(1)肯定句：表達(dá)肯定意義的陳述句谷市；
e.g. Tom likes apples.
? ? ? ?He listens carefully.
?? (2)否定句：表達(dá)否定意義的陳述句蛔垢。
?? ??e.g. Tom isn’t a student.
? ? ? ? ? ? ?He can’t speak English.
2.?疑問句：用來(lái)進(jìn)行提問的句子；包括一般疑問句迫悠，特殊疑問句鹏漆，選擇疑問句和反義疑問句等；
(1)一般疑問句：助動(dòng)詞提到句首的問句，只有肯定和否定回答艺玲；
e.g. Do you like basketball?? ----------Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.
? ? ? ?Can you speak Chinese? -----------Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.
? ? ? Has Tom studied English for several years?--------Yes, hehas./No, he hasn’t.
?(2)特殊疑問句：用來(lái)詢問時(shí)間括蝠，地點(diǎn)，原因饭聚，人物忌警，事件等的句子；由特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句構(gòu)成秒梳；不能用yes或no來(lái)回答法绵；
?? e.g.What do you want to be?
? ? ? ? ? Where did Tom go?
? ? ? ? ? What time do you usually get up?
? ? ? ? ? Who is he?
(3)選擇疑問句：需要進(jìn)行選擇性回答的問句；構(gòu)成和一般疑問句相似酪碘，但含有or(選擇)這個(gè)詞朋譬；不能用yes或者no來(lái)回答；遵循“前肯后否兴垦，前否后肯”的原則徙赢；
?e.g. Do you like tea or milk? ----------Milk./Tea. /Both. /Either. / Neither…
(4)反義疑問句：用來(lái)進(jìn)行反問的句子；由一個(gè)陳述句+問句構(gòu)成探越；可用yes或者no來(lái)回答狡赐；
①含有be動(dòng)詞的反義疑問句；
?? ?e.g. Tom is a doctor, isn’t he?
? ? ? ? ? ?They are friends, aren’t they?
? ? ? ? ? ?This is a pen, isn’t it?
? ? ? ? ? ? Everything goes well, doesn’t it?
? ? ? ? ? ?There is a book on the table, isn’t there钦幔。
? ? ? ? ? ?They aren’t friendly, are they?
??②含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的反義疑問句枕屉；
??? e.g. You like apples, don’t you?
? ? ? ? ? ?She plays the piano well, doesn’t she?
? ? ? ? ? ?We have stayed here for an hour, haven’t we?
? ? ? ? ? Tom hasn’t gone to Beijing, has he?
??③含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反義疑問句；
??? e.g.Every student can sing the song, can’t he?
? ? ? ? ? Tom need stay at home, needn’t he?
? ? ? ? ? Tom mustn’t say a word, must he?
? ? ? ? ? ?I must hand in my homework on time, needn’t I?
④Let’s(包括說(shuō)話者) 和let us（不包括說(shuō)話者）句型中的反義疑問句节槐；含有l(wèi)et’s的反義疑問句搀庶，需用shall we;含有l(wèi)et us的反義疑問句需用will you;
??e.g.Let’s go to school together, shall we?
? ? ? ? Let us do our homework, will you?
⑤含有believe,?think等詞的句子的反義疑問句，需對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行反問铜异，并且注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移：
?e.g. I don’t think you are right, are you?
? ? ? ? Tom believes that his best friend did the thing, didn’t he?
3.??祈使句：
(1)定義：用來(lái)表達(dá)請(qǐng)求哥倔，命令，勸告揍庄，警告之众，禁止等的句子届搁；以動(dòng)詞原形開頭爆阶，否定形式在句首加don’t;隱含主語(yǔ)為you;
e.g. Go and wash your hands.
? ? ? ? Watch your steps.
? ? ? ? Be kind to your sister.
⑵結(jié)構(gòu)：
? ①Do型：
肯定結(jié)構(gòu)斥扛；動(dòng)詞原型+其它成分
否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Don’t+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)
e.g. Eat in the classroom.
?????? Don’t eat in the classroom.??
②Be型：
肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：Be +表語(yǔ)+其它成分
否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Don’t+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)
e.g. Be a good student!
?????? Don’t be late for school!
③Let型：
肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分
否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Don’t+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Let+賓語(yǔ)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分
e.g. Let him go.
? ? ? ?Don’t let him go.
? ? ? ?Let him not go.
