前言
在我們?nèi)粘５拈_發(fā)中璃哟，很多時(shí)候斑匪，定時(shí)任務(wù)都不是寫死的，而是寫到數(shù)據(jù)庫中嬉愧，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)定時(shí)任務(wù)的動(dòng)態(tài)配置乍丈，下面就通過一個(gè)簡單的示例剂碴，來實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)功能。
一轻专、新建一個(gè)springboot工程忆矛，并添加依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 為了方便測試，此處使用了內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)庫 -->
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency><!-- 該依賴必加请垛，里面有sping對(duì)schedule的支持 -->
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
? ? ? ? </dependency>
二催训、配置文件application.properties
# 服務(wù)器端口號(hào)
server.port=7902
# 是否生成ddl語句?
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false?
# 是否打印sql語句?
spring.jpa.show-sql=true?
# 自動(dòng)生成ddl，由于指定了具體的ddl叼屠，此處設(shè)置為none?
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none?
# 使用H2數(shù)據(jù)庫?
spring.datasource.platform=h2?
# 指定生成數(shù)據(jù)庫的schema文件位置?
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql?
# 指定插入數(shù)據(jù)庫語句的腳本位置?
spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql?
# 配置日志打印信息?
logging.level.root=INFO?
logging.level.org.hibernate=INFO?
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder=TRACE?
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor=TRACE?
logging.level.com.itmuch=DEBUG
三瞳腌、Entity類
package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Config {
@Id
? @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
? private Long id;
? @Column
? private String cron;
/**
* @return the id
*/
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
? ? ? ? ……此處省略getter和setter方法……
}
四、任務(wù)類
package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Configuration
@Component // 此注解必加
@EnableScheduling // 此注解必加
public class ScheduleTask {
private static final Logger LOGGER =? LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleTask.class);
public void sayHello(){
LOGGER.info("Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!");
}
}
五镜雨、Quartz配置類
由于springboot追求零xml配置嫂侍，所以下面會(huì)以配置Bean的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)
package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfigration {
?? ?/**
?? ? * attention:
?? ? * Details：配置定時(shí)任務(wù)
?? ? */
?? ?@Bean(name = "jobDetail")
?? ?public MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean detailFactoryBean(ScheduleTask task) {// ScheduleTask為需要執(zhí)行的任務(wù)
?? ??? ?MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail = new MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean();
?? ??? ?/*
?? ??? ? *? 是否并發(fā)執(zhí)行
?? ??? ? *? 例如每5s執(zhí)行一次任務(wù)，但是當(dāng)前任務(wù)還沒有執(zhí)行完荚坞，就已經(jīng)過了5s了挑宠，
?? ??? ? *? 如果此處為true，則下一個(gè)任務(wù)會(huì)執(zhí)行颓影，如果此處為false各淀，則下一個(gè)任務(wù)會(huì)等待上一個(gè)任務(wù)執(zhí)行完后，再開始執(zhí)行
?? ??? ? */
?? ??? ?jobDetail.setConcurrent(false);
?? ??? ?jobDetail.setName("srd-chhliu");// 設(shè)置任務(wù)的名字
?? ??? ?jobDetail.setGroup("srd");// 設(shè)置任務(wù)的分組诡挂，這些屬性都可以存儲(chǔ)在數(shù)據(jù)庫中碎浇，在多任務(wù)的時(shí)候使用
?? ??? ?/*
?? ??? ? * 為需要執(zhí)行的實(shí)體類對(duì)應(yīng)的對(duì)象
?? ??? ? */
?? ??? ?jobDetail.setTargetObject(task);
?? ??? ?/*
?? ??? ? * sayHello為需要執(zhí)行的方法
?? ??? ? * 通過這幾個(gè)配置，告訴JobDetailFactoryBean我們需要執(zhí)行定時(shí)執(zhí)行ScheduleTask類中的sayHello方法
?? ??? ? */
?? ??? ?jobDetail.setTargetMethod("sayHello");
?? ??? ?return jobDetail;
?? ?}
?? ?/**
?? ? * attention:
?? ? * Details：配置定時(shí)任務(wù)的觸發(fā)器璃俗，也就是什么時(shí)候觸發(fā)執(zhí)行定時(shí)任務(wù)
?? ? */
?? ?@Bean(name = "jobTrigger")
?? ?public CronTriggerFactoryBean cronJobTrigger(MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail) {
?? ??? ?CronTriggerFactoryBean tigger = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
?? ??? ?tigger.setJobDetail(jobDetail.getObject());
?? ??? ?tigger.setCronExpression("0 30 20 * * ?");// 初始時(shí)的cron表達(dá)式
?? ??? ?tigger.setName("srd-chhliu");// trigger的name
?? ??? ?return tigger;
?? ?}
?? ?/**
?? ? * attention:
?? ? * Details：定義quartz調(diào)度工廠
?? ? */
?? ?@Bean(name = "scheduler")
?? ?public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactory(Trigger cronJobTrigger) {
?? ??? ?SchedulerFactoryBean bean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
?? ??? ?// 用于quartz集群,QuartzScheduler 啟動(dòng)時(shí)更新己存在的Job
?? ??? ?bean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
?? ??? ?// 延時(shí)啟動(dòng)奴璃，應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)1秒后
?? ??? ?bean.setStartupDelay(1);
?? ??? ?// 注冊(cè)觸發(fā)器
?? ??? ?bean.setTriggers(cronJobTrigger);
?? ??? ?return bean;
?? ?}
}
六、定時(shí)查庫城豁，并更新任務(wù)
package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.repository.ConfigRepository;
@Configuration
@EnableScheduling
@Component
public class ScheduleRefreshDatabase {
@Autowired
private ConfigRepository repository;
@Resource(name = "jobDetail")
private JobDetail jobDetail;
@Resource(name = "jobTrigger")
private CronTrigger cronTrigger;
@Resource(name = "scheduler")
private Scheduler scheduler;
@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000) // 每隔5s查庫苟穆，并根據(jù)查詢結(jié)果決定是否重新設(shè)置定時(shí)任務(wù)
public void scheduleUpdateCronTrigger() throws SchedulerException {
CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(cronTrigger.getKey());
String currentCron = trigger.getCronExpression();// 當(dāng)前Trigger使用的
String searchCron = repository.findOne(1L).getCron();// 從數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢出來的
System.out.println(currentCron);
System.out.println(searchCron);
if (currentCron.equals(searchCron)) {
// 如果當(dāng)前使用的cron表達(dá)式和從數(shù)據(jù)庫中查詢出來的cron表達(dá)式一致，則不刷新任務(wù)
} else {
// 表達(dá)式調(diào)度構(gòu)建器
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(searchCron);
// 按新的cronExpression表達(dá)式重新構(gòu)建trigger
trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(cronTrigger.getKey());
trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(cronTrigger.getKey())
.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
// 按新的trigger重新設(shè)置job執(zhí)行
scheduler.rescheduleJob(cronTrigger.getKey(), trigger);
currentCron = searchCron;
}
}
}
六、相關(guān)腳本
1雳旅、data.sql
insertintoconfig(id,cron)values(1,'0 0/2 * * * ?'); # 每2分鐘執(zhí)行一次定時(shí)任務(wù)
2跟磨、schema.sql
drop table config if exists;
create table config(
id bigint generated by default as identity,
cron varchar(40),
primary key(id)
);
六、運(yùn)行測試
測試結(jié)果如下：(Quartz默認(rèn)的線程池大小為10)
0 30 20 * * ?
0 0/2 * * * ?
2017-03-08 18:02:00.025? INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask???????? : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
2017-03-08 18:04:00.003? INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-2] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask???????? : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
2017-03-08 18:06:00.002? INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-3] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask???????? : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
2017-03-08 18:08:00.002? INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-4] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask???????? : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
從上面的日志打印時(shí)間來看攒盈，我們實(shí)現(xiàn)了動(dòng)態(tài)配置抵拘，最初的時(shí)候，任務(wù)是每天20:30執(zhí)行沦童，后面通過動(dòng)態(tài)刷新變成了每隔2分鐘執(zhí)行一次仑濒。
雖然上面的解決方案沒有使用Quartz推薦的方式完美，但基本上可以滿足我們的需求偷遗，當(dāng)然也可以采用觸發(fā)事件的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)墩瞳，例如當(dāng)前端修改定時(shí)任務(wù)的觸發(fā)時(shí)間時(shí)，異步的向后臺(tái)發(fā)送通知氏豌，后臺(tái)收到通知后喉酌，然后再更新程序，也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)的定時(shí)任務(wù)刷新
